Malangizo olima maluwa: awonetsere zipatso za orchid phalaenopsis cuttings kunyumba

Ngakhale kuti ma orchids ali opanda nzeru, ndizo zomera zomwe zimabereka m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kubereka kwa cuttings. Njira iyi ili ndi njira zambiri ndipo imapereka zotsatira zabwino.

Koma kuti muwapeze, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena ndi kupereka chomeracho ndi zinthu zofunika, zomwe zidzakambidwe m'nkhani yathu.

Cuttings

Kodi njirayi ndi yotani?

M'maluwa a orchid, kudula nsomba kumatha kutchedwa mapulaneti oyendayenda, mapesi a maluwa osweka kapena okalamba osachepera 10 cm kutalika. Mkhalidwe waukulu ndi kupezeka kwa masamba, kuchokera pamene masamba ang'onoang'ono amakula. Komanso, tsinde limatchedwa gawo lapamwamba la tsinde ndi mizu yambiri, imasiyanitsidwa ndi kholo la mbeu yobereka.

Zabwino ndi zamwano

Ubwino:

• Kuphweka kwa ndondomekoyi komanso kuthekera koti muzipita kunyumba.
• Palibe maphunziro apadera oyenerera, ngakhale newbie angagwirizane ndi njirayi.
• Mu kanthawi kochepa mungathe kukhala ndi zomera zotukuka bwino ndi zamoyo zonse za mimba.
• Mankhwala a orchid amakula kuchokera ku cuttings pachimake mwamsanga. Pasanathe zaka 1-2, mbewu yaikulu idzapangidwa.

Kuipa:

• Mavuto ndi kumanga mizu. Maluwa a orchid opangidwa ndi cuttings ndi ovuta kukula mizu (ngati peduncle imagwiritsidwa ntchito). Nthawi zina zomera zimadwala kwa nthawi yaitali.
• Kufunika kutsatira ndondomeko zoyenera kutsata: kuteteza mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuteteza tsamba la cutoff ndi fungicides.
• Kuvuta kwachitsamba chosamalira zomera kumatha kuika orchid kumafuna chisamaliro chapadera.
• Kupulumuka kwapang'ono kwa cuttings.

Ndi liti bwino kusankha njira iyi?

Kudula kumapangidwira mitundu yambiri yamaluwa, kuphatikizapo phalaenopsis. Mitengo yotereyi ilibe pseudobulb ndipo sichitha kuchulukana ndi kugawa chitsamba. Ndiponso, njira iyi ndi yabwino kwa novice florists. Pano inu simungathenso kanthu. Chinthu choipitsitsa chimene chingachitike ndi imfa ya cuttings. Chomera cha amayi sichimavutika.

Pamene mungathe kufalitsa zipatso za orchid:

• Ngati chomeracho chafalikira maluwa kapena mizu yambiri ya mlengalenga (ngati tsinde lachitidwa).
• Ngati kutalika kwa mphukira sikuchepera 10 cm ndipo nthawizonse pamakhala impso.
• Ngati maluwa am'mimba ali wamkulu (osakwana zaka 2-3) ndi wathanzi. Iyenera kukhala ndi mapepala oyenera 6-8, pasakhale tizilombo.
• Pamene kasupe kunja. Ino ndi nthawi ya kukula kwachangu, ndibwino kwambiri kuti muzuwe mphukira.

Khwerero ndi Gawo Malangizo

Nthawi zambiri Mankhwala a orchid grafting amachitika m'njira ziwiri: polekanitsa pamwamba pa tsinde kapena podula maluwa. Njira zonsezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kunyumba.

Kusankha njira

Ngati amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kudula maluwa maluwa. Musanayambe kulekanitsa ilo ndi chomera cha mayi, amadikirira nthawi yomwe maluwawo adzaphulika. Mankhwala a peduncle amadulidwa ndi chida chopanda kanthu, ndipo amagawidwa m'magulu angapo a 5-7 masentimita. Ngati pamwamba pa tsinde amagwiritsidwa ntchito, amadulidwa pokhapokha pali mizu yambiri yathanzi komanso yowutsa madzi.

Mdulidwe ndi mankhwala odulidwa

1. Mankhwala a peduncle amadulidwa pafupi, ndipo mfundo zochepetsedwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate, ndiye phulusa ndi mafuta a malasha.
2. Mdulidwewu umakonzedwa ponse pa chomera cha amayi, ndi pa chodula chodula.
3. Pambuyo pake, peduncle imagawidwa m'magulu, chifukwa chaichi, tsamba lopanda kanthu kapena lakuthwa kwa scalpel limagwiritsidwa ntchito, kudula kumapangidwa pang'onopang'ono.
4. Zigawo zonse zimapangidwa ndi fungicide (antifungal) ndi ufa ndi mafuta a malasha.
5. Polekanitsa mbali yakumtunda ya tsinde, imadulidwa ndi chida chopanda kanthu, kusiya mizu yochepa pa chogwirira, ndi kudula magawo amathandizidwa ndi njira yochepa ya potassium permanganate.

Maphunzilo a kanema pamasankhidwewa akuphatikizidwa:

Mphika ndi Kukonzekera Ground

Posachedwapa ayenera kugula mwatsopano kapena wouma sphagnum moss, umakhala ngati rooting cuttings. Monga wowonjezera kutentha mungagwiritse ntchito chidebe cha kukula kwake.

1. Mitsukoyi imayikidwa pansi pa chidebecho, kenako imadzaza ndi njira yothetsera biostimulator.
2. Kuchokera pamwamba kufalitsa cuttings (kudula kuchokera peduncle) patali pafupifupi 1.5-2 masentimita kwa wina ndi mzake.
3. Chophimbacho chimakhala ndi thumba la pulasitiki kapena galasi, ndikuyika malo ofunda ndi ofunika.
4. Pogwiritsa ntchito pamwamba, ndiye kuti padzakhala nthaka yambiri, ngati maluwa akuluakulu (odulidwa ndi osungunuka mtengo, sphagnum moss) ndi mphika wawung'ono woonekera.

Kuthira mizu

Kuti zidutswa zikhale mizu, zimatenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.

1. Pa nthawi imodzimodzimodzi wowonjezera kutentha ndikutentha mpweya tsiku lililonse.
2. Chinthu chokhalira pansi chimachepa nthawi zonse, nthaka isamaume.
3. Kutentha kwa mpweya mkati mwa wowonjezera kutentha sikutsika kuposa madigiri 26-28, chinyezi ndi 70%.
4. Tsiku lowala la rooting likuwombera - osachepera maola 14, ngati kuli kofunikira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya chithunzi.
5. Madzi kuti awononge gawo lapansi ayenera kukhala osiyana kapena osankhidwa pa firiji. Alimi ena amalangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito madzi owiritsa.

Pa chomera chaching'ono, 2-3 mizu iyenera kukhala 3-4 cm kutalika. Mdziko lino, idatha kudyetsa yokha ndipo ikhoza kuikidwa mu mphika.

Maphunziro a mavidiyo pa rooting orchids omwe ali nawo:

Kubzala mu mphika

1. Pambuyo pooneka mizu ndi masamba aang'ono, mphukira zimaikidwa mu mphika wochepa wonyezimira ndi mabowo. Chomera chimakhala chimodzimodzi ndi chomera chachikulu.
2. Musanabzala, zonse zigawozikulu za gawolo ndizosawilitsidwa, chifukwa chaichi zimasungidwa ndi fungicide.
3. Kenaka ankawotcha mu uvuni kotero kuti chomeracho sichinafike pozilandira matenda kapena matenda opatsirana.
4. Ngati kubereka kumapangidwira pamwamba, ndiye kuti nthawi yomweyo imabzala mu nthaka yokonzedwa.
5. Pachifukwachi, pansi pa mphika uli ndi perlite (kusunga chinyezi), kudula kumayikidwa pamenepo ndi kuigwira ndi dzanja, kudzaza mphika ndi makungwa odulidwa ndi nkhuni.
6. Chophimba chapamwamba ndi thumba loyera kapena theka la botolo la pulasitiki losadulidwa.

Chenjerani! Palibe vuto kuti wowonjezera kutentha ndi cuttings akhale dzuwa. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, amafunika kuunikira kokwanira. Njira yabwino ndi shaded kum'mwera sill.

Maphunziro avidiyo pa kubwera ana omwe ali nawo:

Aftercare

Chisamaliro chonse chotsatira chikukonzekera kumanga mizu yatsopano ndi masamba, komanso kukula kwachangu. Monga tanenera kale, chisamaliro cha mbewu yaying'ono ndi yofanana ndi a orchid wamkulu. Kusiyana kokha ndiko kuti atatha kuika, amafunika kuchoka pamtunda. Pa nthawi yomweyi tsiku lirilonse likuwombera orchid, tsiku lililonse likadutsa limakula nthawi.

Patatha mwezi umodzi, mutha kusamutsa chomeracho. Komanso m'mwezi mungapange chakudya choyamba. Kwa izi ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza zamchere zamaluwa. Poyamba kudyetsa mlingo ayenera kuchepetsedwa kawiri ndikuwona momwe zomera zimayendera. Ngati mizu yatsopano sizimawonekera kwa nthawi yayitali, orchid imathiriridwa ndi yankho la Kornevin (kuchepetsani mlingo kawiri kawiri). Manyowa amaloledwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokha mu nthaka yonyowa.

Makhalidwe a anyani a orchid:

• Kutentha - madigiri 25-28.
• Chinyezi 50-60%.
• Kuthirira ngati nthaka dries (2-3 pa sabata).
• Nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa (2-3 pa sabata).
• Kuunikira kwina mu nyengo yamvula.
• Kudyetsa mwezi uliwonse.

Ngakhale oyamba akhoza kuthana ndi ma orchid akuphatikizidwa. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti chirichonse chidzakhala nthawi yoyamba. Malingana ndi chiwerengero, pa khumi khumi omwe amaikidwa, zidutswa 2-3 zimapulumuka. Ndipo ndizo zabwino. Ngakhalenso ndibwino kwambiri, orchid imakhalabe maluwa osafunika komanso ovuta. Choncho sungani ndi mphukira zambiri momwe mungathere kuti mupeze zomera zathanzi.