Orchid ndi maluwa okongoletsa kwambiri, omwe amawakonda chifukwa cha kukongola kwake kokongola komanso chifundo cha inflorescences. Phalaenopsis ndi dziko la Japan ndi China. Masiku ano, orchids amapezeka m'mayiko onse kupatula Antarctica. Mwachilengedwe, zimamera pa nthambi ndi korona za mitengo kuti zikhale pafupi ndi dzuwa.
Pali mitundu yambiri yamaluwa, koma amadziwika pakati pa alimi a maluwa - phalaenopsis, cattley, dendrobiums, vandas, pafiopedilums, dracules, bulbofillumy, brassii, anhrekums, brassavoli, calanty, cambria, masdevallia, encyclias, zotchedwa erantes.
Maluwa otchuka ndi wowonjezera kutentha ndipo amafuna chisamaliro chapadera.. Choncho, alimi akumidzi amafunika kuchitidwa mantha ndi alendo omwe akupita kunja kwa dziko lapansi ndikudziŵa zochepa za chisamaliro kotero kuti maluwa osakhwima amasangalala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Koma choyenera kuchita ngati nthawi ina atatha kuwombera nyumba pazenera, maluŵa a orchid amayamba kufota, wouma ndi kugwa?
Nchifukwa chiyani masamba akuuma? Zifukwa zikuluzikulu ndizo: kusokonezeka kotheka, mphika wokhala ndi duwa, kusayera bwino, kapena, kuwala, kupitirira mowa kapena kutentha kwambiri, mipiringidzo mu chipinda, kusamba bwino kwa mbewu. Zochitikazo ndizosiyana, koma pali njira imodzi yokha yosungira kukongoletsa kukongola: thandizo loyamba likufunika, mwinamwake orchid idzafa.
Hypothermia
Hypothermia ndi chifukwa chofala cha inflorescence. Ngati munagula orchid m'sitolo m'nyengo yozizira ndikunyamula chomera, kumbukirani kuti:
Kuyenda m'nyengo yozizira kumayambitsa hypothermia. Ambulance: tengani chomera mu cellophane ndi pepala. Maluwa otchedwa orchid otsekemera amalekerera chisanu mopitirira mphindi 15.
Zimayambitsa hypothermia ndi ndondomeko pamene mpweya wabwino. Zikuwoneka kuti kubwezeretsa kwa chomeracho ndi chosavuta: osatulutsa mpweya. Koma zovuta zenizenizi ndizokuti alendo otentha salola kulephera ndipo sangathe kuchita popanda mpweya wokwanira.
Ndikofunikira! Orchid imafuna kuwomba. Koma sizolandiridwa kusiya maluwa pang'onopang'ono. M'nyengo yotentha, tengani orchid kumsewu kapena kumalo.
Zosamba zam'mlengalenga zimathandizakoma kumbukirani kuti usiku wozizira udzawononga maluwa osakonda kutentha. Nanga ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati njira zothandizira sizinathandize, ndipo masamba adagwa? Malangizo ndi sitepe:
- Maluwa owongolera ayenera kuchotsedwa;
- sungani chomera ku malo otentha;
- kuchotsani zitsulo, kuika mpweya wabwino;
- siyani chomeracho zokha; sizikusowa kuziika.
Kupanikizika: kusintha zinthu
Kusunthira, kusintha nyengo kapena kusinthitsa orchid kuchokera pawindo kupita ku china - zonsezi ndizovuta kwa chiyankhulo chachilendo. Ngati mwadziŵa chifukwa chake ndipo mwasandutsa kale matendawa, njira zothandizira zothandizira mnzanu wobiriwira ndi izi:
- pangani mikhalidwe yabwino kwa zomwe zili;
- onetsetsani nyengo ya kutentha ndi ndondomeko ya kuthirira;
- Musayambe kubzala mbewu!
Kupopera mbewu mankhwala: zabwino kapena zovulaza?
Kutaya orchid tsiku ndi tsiku, koma taganizirani zochepa chabe. Ngati mlengalenga muli wouma, gwiritsani ntchito chidziwitso. Pofuna kuteteza maluwa kuti asawume kamodzi pamwezi, kusamba ma orchid pansi pa osamba, pukutani masamba otsala pambuyo pa mankhwala. Kupopera mbewu zopindulitsa, tsatirani malamulo:
- Kutentha madzi kwa kupopera mbewu ndi madigiri awiri kuposa nyumba.
- Ngati kutentha mu chipinda chiri pansi pa madigiri 20, sungani mankhwala pang'ono kapenanso musaphatikize mankhwala a madzi.
- Kutaya m'mawa.
- Musayese maluwa mwa dzuwa, mwinamwake padzakhala kutentha!
- Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa maluwa ndi osafunika kupewa madontho pa iwo ndi msanga kugwa.
Ngati chitetezo sichinathandize, ndipo maluwawo anayamba kugwa:
- Pezani nambala ya sprays.
- Chotsani masamba otsala.
- Sakanizani njira ya kuwala.
- Onetsetsani kutsirira koyenera.
Timapereka kuona kanema yowonjezera za kupopera mbewu kwa orchid:
Chinyezi: mulingo woyenera kwambiri
Kupanda chinyezi kapena kuchulukitsa ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha mavuto. Kutaya madzi kovuta kumachitika ngati, pazifukwa zina, anasiya kuthirira. Pachifukwa ichi, kubwezeretsedwa sikungapewe!
Malangizo othandiza pa nkhaniyi:
- Thirani madzi m'sitima kutentha kutentha mpaka 15-20 cm.
- Imani mu beseni ya madzi ndikudikirira mpaka dziko lapansi zisalake.
- Onetsetsani kuti masamba ayenera kukhala owuma pamene abatizidwa m'mimba mwawo!
- Ngati dziko lapansi lumpsa ndi lamba kwambiri, m'pofunika kumuyika wodwala mumphika watsopano.
Zomwe zimakhala zowonongeka zimabweretsa vuto lina lalikulu: phalaenopsis imayamba kuvunda. Okhudzidwa ndi zowola, duwa limataya masamba ake, masamba amakhala ofewa, maluwa akugwa.
Kuwonongeka nthawizonse kumakhala kosavuta kupewa kusiyana ndi kuchiza. Ngati 90% ya mbeuyo yayamba, idzatha!
Ndikofunika kuchitapo kanthu ndikuchotsa zifukwa zowola nthawi:
Chotsani duwa mu mphika.- Pukutani mizu pansi pa madzi otentha.
- Chotsani mizu yoonongeka, masamba.
- Chotsani maluwa owongolera.
- Tsatirani magawo ndi antiseptic.
- Siyani kuti muume usiku wonse.
- Bwezerani orchid mmalo atsopano ndi wosanjikiza.
- Madzi kokha nthaka itatha.
Chotsani duwa mu mphika.Antisptics: Readzol, Fitosporin. Kuchiza kwa zilonda zowola: Chlorhexidine. Pambuyo powerenga malangizo omveka bwino, funsoli lidalipo: Momwe mungamvere bwino orchid?
Konzani bwino
"Inenso, sayansi, imwani maluwa kuchokera ku kuthirira madzi!" - wolima mchidziwitso akudandaula. Koma amalima odziwa amadziwa kuti kuthirira ndi luso. Makhalidwe abwino a madzi, kapangidwe ka madzi ndi kutentha kumatsimikizira ubwino wa orchid. Madzi ochokera pamphepete si abwino chifukwa cha zonyansa zazitsulo zolemera.
Chizolowezi chovomerezeka - Kukhazikika kwa madzi kwa zomera zothirira - pa nkhani ya mtsikana wodabwitsa sikoyenera, Kuyeretsa madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta, distiller, wiritsani ndi ozizira.
Ngati simungathe kuwiritsa kapena kusungunula, acidification idzakuthandizani kuchepetsa kusafunika kosafunika kwa kashiamu. Ikani oxalic acid, kutsatira malangizo okonzekera.
Ndondomeko yoyenera ya kuthirira orchid imateteza kupeŵa mavuto pogwiritsa ntchito madzi okhala ndi clod. Onani kuti graph imadalira nyengo, kutentha ndi chinyezi mu chipinda komanso moyo wa mbewu.
Pa nyengo yowonjezera yogwiritsidwa ntchito, imwani madzi zomera 2-3 pa sabata.. Pakati pa maluwa kuchulukitsa kuthirira. Mfundo yothirira ndi yosavuta: onetsetsani kuti gawo la nthaka siliname ndipo silingagwedezeke. M'nyengo yozizira, madzi okwanira amachepetsedwa, koma kupopera mbewu mankhwala sikungayime.
Momwe mungadzamwe madzi:
- kugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira;
- kumiza m'mimba;
- wosamba;
- zambiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Ndi madzi angati omwe amafunika kuthirira? Madzi mpaka chinyezi chimayamba kutuluka m'mabowo pansi pa miphika.. Nthawi yabwino yothirira ndikumayambiriro. Kumbukirani kuti kutsirira koyenera kudzakuthandizani kupeŵa mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha madzi ndi kuyanika.
Timapereka kanema pa maluwa okongoletsera oyenera:
Sunstroke: First Aid
Ma Orchids ndi thermophilic, chifukwa amachokera kuzitentha. Choonadi ichi sichikhoza kunyalanyazidwa, koma kulakwitsa kwakukulu - chokani maluwa mwachindunji dzuwa, pafupi ndi radiator kapena kuika pansi pa mpweya wotentha wa mpweya wabwino. Maola angapo a madzi osambira ndi ofunda okwanira amakhala ovuta! Chizindikiro cha masautso chidzabwera nthawi yomweyo: maluwa adzagwa, masamba adzagwa!
Zimene mungachite:
- Sungani orchid kutali ndi magwero a vuto.
- Madzi pambuyo pa maola awiri.
- Pambuyo pa ola lina, tulani nyembazo.
- Onetsetsani njira yoyenera kuthirira.
Pakhale kuwala! Orchids amafunika kuwala kosavuta. Ndi kupanda kuwala, masamba amachoka, amakula, maluwa amatha.
Nyali zamagetsi zamtundu ndizofunikira kuunikira kwina.. Mtunda wochepa kuchokera masamba - 5-7 masentimita! Ngati pali mababu ambiri, samalani ndi kutentha kwambiri ndipo kutentha kwadzidzidzi kumasintha pamene mutsegula.
Kupewa - chinsinsi cha kupambana
Maluwa osalimba omwe ali ndi chithumwa chapadera ndizosatheka kukonda. Ndani adamuwonapo - m'chikondi kosatha. Ku ambulansi sichifunikira kwa wodwala, pamapeto pake, malingaliro angapo:
- Kutentha kwakukulu mu chilimwe ndifikira madigiri 25 Celsius, m'nyengo yozizira sikumachepera 16.
- Pewani madontho a kutentha, kusiyana kovomerezeka popanda zotsatira - madigiri 5-6.
- Nthawi ya maola a masana - kuchokera maola 12.
- Poto asankhe kukula.
- Kutentha kwa mpweya - 55-65%.
- Ventilate chipinda, koma pewani ma drafts.
- Bwezeretsani zaka 2-3 zilizonse.
- Madzi 2-3 pa sabata, malingana ndi nyengo ndi nyengo ya mbeu.
- Kutaya moyenera, kupewa njirayo dzuwa.
- Sambani - osaposa kamodzi pa mwezi.
