Magulugufe otchedwa butterfly a butterfly - chithunzi ndi kufotokozera mitundu, nsonga za kukula

Mowonjezereka, m'nyumba zomwe mungathe kupeza Miltonia orchid. Chomera choterocho chinapangitsa kuwala ndi kuchuluka kwa maluwa. Mtundu uwu wa orchid ukhoza kusungunuka kangapo pachaka. M'nkhani ino tiphunzira za mitundu yodziwika bwino ya maluwa a maluwa, za mbiri ya zochitika zake, zokhudzana ndi maluwa a mitundu, za kusamalira duwa kunyumba, komanso za zomera zofanana ndi tizilombo tofala kwambiri.

Tsatanetsatane Mwachidule

Miltonia, ngati ma orchid ena onse, ndi a mtundu wa orchid. M'chilengedwe, maluwa amapezeka pamtunda wa mamita 200 mpaka 1500 pamwamba pa nyanja, m'nkhalango zamdima m'chigawo chapakati ndi kum'mwera kwa Brazil, kumpoto kwa Paraguay ndi kumpoto chakummawa kwa Argentina.

Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane

Maonekedwe ndi mtundu wa maluwa owongokawa amafanana ndi agulugufe. Pamakhala pamtunda mungathe kuona chitsanzocho ngati mawonekedwe othamanga. Mtundu wa mtundu uli wosiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku chipale chofewa mpaka ku lilac yodzazidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Miyambo ya Miltonia yamatsenga ndi epiphytic. Izi zimakhudza maonekedwe. Chomeracho chinayang'ana masamba a lanceolate ndi pseudobulbs yaying'ono kwambiri m'munsi. Nthawi zambiri mababu abodza amachotsa zimayera zofiira, zachikasu, zoyera, pinki zomwe zimafanana ndi panicle.

Mbiri ya

Maluwa amatchulidwa ndi asayansi wa Chingerezi ndi okonda orchid - Amuna a Milton. Mitundu yayikulu ya miltonia yomwe inapezeka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, ngakhale poyamba poyamba iwo ankaganiza kuti ndi oncidium, odontoglossum, brassia, ndi ena

Kusiyana kwa mitundu ina

Masamba aatali kwambiri ndi owonda kwambiri ndi amtundu waukulu pakati pa miltonia ndi zomera zina za mtundu wa orchid. Maluwa ake nthawi zonse amakhala osiyana kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala am'munsi.

Subport ndi chithunzi

Pali madera pafupifupi makumi awiri a mtundu wa orchid.. Osati kuwerengera wosakanizidwa. Nawa ena mwa iwo:

White White (Miltonia Candida)

Amamasula m'dzinja. Kuchokera ku babu iliyonse imakula 1-2 peduncles Dinah mpaka masentimita 40. Iwo amapanga burashi yosakanizika ndi 3-5 zonunkhira maluwa mpaka 9 masentimita awiri. Pa chikasu cha mtundu wa wavy ndi zapadera - zazikulu zofiira - mabala a bulauni, ndi nyemba yoyera yokhala ndi phokoso lofiirira ndi zingwe zitatu zazifupi.

Ragnielli (Miltonia regnellii)

Renlli amasiyanitsa masamba owoneka ofiirira ndi mapulaneti apamwamba. Iwo ali ndi maluwa okwana 3 mpaka 7 okometsera okongola ndi sepals. Pamwamba phokoso la pinki - wofiirira mikwingwirima ndi malire oyera.

Miltoniopsis Phalaenopsis (Miltoniopsis phalaenopsis)

Imakhala ndi peduncles yochepa ndi 3-5 yoyera yoyera yokhala maluwa. Mitsempha yaing'ono yamalomo imakhala yoyera ndi mawanga ofiira ndi mikwingwirima, ndipo nyemba yoyera imasiyanitsidwa ndi mphako.

Miltoniopsis Retzla (Miltoniopsis roezlii)

Kuyambira pa 2 mpaka 5 maluwa oyera onunkhira amapanga mtundu uliwonse wa peduncle. Pamunsi pa zipilala - lilac - lilac mawanga, ndi pamunsi pa mlomo - chikwangwani chokasu.

Vecillaria (Miltoniopsis vexillaria)

Vekyllies ali ndi maluwa akulu, makamaka pinki ndi malire oyera., mwina mikwingwirima yoyera ndi pinki kapena mawanga. Pansi pa milomo yachikasu. ,

Maluwa

Nthawi ndi liti?

Chikhalidwe ichi chikhoza pachimake pa nthawi iliyonse ya chaka. Ndipo ndondomekoyi imatha kuyambira masabata 4 mpaka 6. Miltonia ndi onunkhira kwambiri. Peduncle imachokera pansi pa pseudobulb. Chiwerengero chawo, mawonekedwe ndi kukula zimadalira zosiyanasiyana. Pambuyo maluwa a pseudobulb adatha ndipo anafota. Ziyenera kukhala choncho.

Kusamalira ndi kumbuyo maonekedwe a masamba

Wosakhwima ndipo nthawizina maluwa opanda chidziwitso amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Ndikofunika kwambiri kudyetsa, madzi ndi kupereka nthawi ya miltonia nthawi yopumula. Pa kukula kwachangu ndi maluwa, kuti tipewe kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndibwino kusunga mphika wa maluwa kummawa kapena kumadzulo kwawindo.

Musayikemo chomera pa mawindo akuyang'ana kumpoto. Ndi makonzedwe abwino ndi chisamaliro, orchid imatha kuphulika kwa chaka chathunthu. Pochita izi, chaka chilichonse perekani chomera mtendere.

Ngakhalenso duwa silikuwoneka lotopa, ndikofunika kwambiri kulongosola molondola pa nthawi yonse. Kuti muchite izi, mukhale ndi orchid m'chipindamo ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 16-18 masana ndi madigiri 14-16 usiku komanso chinyezi. Kudyetsa pang'onopang'ono kwaima, ndipo kuthirira kwacheperapo kamodzi pakatha masabata anayi. Chomera chotsitsa chimatenga miyezi 2-3. Chizindikiro chachikulu kuti duwalo likukonzekera kukula ndi maluwa ndi mzere wokongola maluwa.

Bwanji ngati icho sichimasintha?

Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera, miltonia sangakhoze pachimake, kapena masamba okha akhoza kukula. Chifukwa cha izi chikhoza kukhala kutsika pang'ono, kutentha kapena kutentha, zakudya zosayenera, kuthirira mopitirira muyeso kapena nthawi yopumula.

Kwa nthawi zonse maluwa, chomeracho chimayenera kupereka mpumulo.

Orchid sidzaphuka popanda kudyetsa. Iyenera kupangidwa kamodzi pamwezi m'nyengo yamasika ndi chilimwe. M'nyengo yozizira m'pofunika kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kuchepetsa kutentha m'chipinda. Pamene maluwawo akuwonekera, kuthirira ndi kukonzanso ziyenera kuyambiranso.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema momwe mungapangire maluwa a miltonia:

Malangizo osamalira pang'onopang'ono

• Kusankha malo. Kaya munayika miltonia molondola amasonyeza mtundu wa masamba ake. Ngati chomeracho ndi chabwino, ndiye kuti masambawo ali ndi timaluwa tambirimbiri. Maluwawo amakula ndipo amamasula mwangwiro pawindo lakummawa ndi kumadzulo ndipo amakonda mthunzi wachabechabe. Choncho, pawindo lakumwera la orchid, mthunzi wowonjezera ndi wofunika kwambiri.
• Kukonzekera ndi mphika. Kunyumba, chikhalidwe chimakula nthawi zambiri m'miphika ya pulasitiki - amasunga chinyezi bwino. Mtsinje ukhoza kuperekedwa mwa kuika makoswe ambiri a mtengo pansi. Mphika wamaluwa ndi bwino kudzaza ndi dothi lapadera kapena nthaka yosakaniza. Dothi lopangira makungwa a fir, sphagnum kapena perlite ndi abwino kwa ma orchid.
• Kutentha. Miltonia amakhala ngati kutentha kwakukulu. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa iwo ndi pafupifupi madigiri 20 Celsius. Pansi pa madigiri 12 madigiri amasamutsidwa kwambiri. Madontho otentha amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoipa, ndipo zojambulazo zimavulaza kwambiri zomera.
• Chinyezi. Kutentha kwa mpweya kumafunika pafupifupi 60-70%. Kuti izi zitheke, miltonia nthawi zambiri amaikidwa pamphepete mwa madzi kapena miyala yowonongeka.
• Kuunikira. Maluwawo ayenera kuikidwa pamalo okongola, makamaka kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo. Kum'mwera, maluwawo ayenera kukhala pritenyat.
• Kuthirira. Pa nthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa miltonia amafuna nthawi zonse ndi wambiri kuthirira. Ndikofunika kuteteza dothi kuti lisawume. Koma kumwa mowa kwambiri kungayambitse kuvunda kwa mizu kapena imfa ya chomeracho. Thandizo! M'nyengo yozizira, m'nyengo yamasiku ochepa, orchids sichikula kapena pachimake. Choncho, kumwa madzi osachepera ndikofunikira.
• Kupaka pamwamba. Mankhwala a orchid amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza apadera. Yambani kudyetsa pambuyo pake. Pa nthawi yopuma - kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo pambuyo poyambira maluwa, mimba imamera kawirikawiri.
• Kuwaza. Maluwawo amafunika kuika nthawi yake. Koma sizowonjezereka kuti mutumize miltonia kuchokera pamphika umodzi kupita ku wina. Nyamakazi amawunikira pamene imakhala yochuluka ndipo mizu yake siikwanira mu mphika. Kenaka madzi akuyikidwa pansi pa mphika waukulu ndi kusakaniza nthaka.

  Mu mphika wakale bwino wothira dothi loponyedwa ndi kutulutsa bwinobwino mbewu. Nthaka yakale imachotsedwa ndipo maluwa amaikidwa mu mphika watsopano. Amatsanulira ndikugwirizanitsa gawo latsopano.

  Chenjerani! Pambuyo pa kusakanizidwa, masiku oyambirira amangotulutsa orchid - musamamwe madzi. Sizowonjezeranso kuti manyowa azipaka nthawiyi.

Tikukuwonetsani kuti muwonere kanema pa chisamaliro cha ma orchids a Miltonia:

Kodi mungachuluke bwanji?

Miltonia imamera pafupifupi kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu kumapeto kwa chilimwe.. Njira yobalana - magawano a chitsamba, kubereka mbeu. Scion imasiyanitsidwa ndi tsinde lachikulire ndipo imaikidwa mu nthaka yatsopano. Iyenera kukhala ndi ma pseudobulbs atatu komanso majekeseni okhwima.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

1. Adani akuluakulu a miltonia ndi operewera, whitefly, ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono.
2. Kutentha ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi kumapangitsa kuchulukitsa kwakukulu. Masamba amakhala mtundu wa siliva.
3. Mabala achikasu ndi oyera kumunsi kwa tsamba ndi chizindikiro cha maonekedwe a whitefly. Masamba amakhala opanda mtundu, omwe angapangitse kufa kwa chomeracho.
4. Zotsatira za kugonjetsedwa kwa maluwa ndi chishango ndi zofiira zofiira pa tsinde ndi masamba.

Zikhoza kuthetsa mavuto

Kuyanika nsonga za masamba kumalankhula za nthaka yamchere. Mchere wa mchere umabwezeretsa madzi amvula. Muzu mizu ndi kuthirira mochuluka. Pa zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda a miltonia ayenera kuponyedwa ndi phytosporin. Ndibwino kuti musamalidwe maluwa mumphika watsopano ndikubwezerani nthaka.

Ndikofunikira! Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika chomwe chimatsogolera ku matenda a orchid.

Zomera zofanana

Kapangidwe ka maluwa ndi ofanana ndi mphepo ya m'munda viola (pansies), koma mawonekedwe ndi mtundu ndi wolemera kwambiri. Miltonia kawirikawiri amayerekezera ndi ziphuphu, koma maluŵa a orchid ndi aakulu kwambiri - akhoza kukhala masentimita 10 m'maluwa. Maluwa a ku Brazil a miltonia ali ofanana kwambiri ndi maluwa oncidium.

Kuti muzisangalala ndi kukongola ndi kukoma mtima kwa miltonia, ndikofunika kusankha malo abwino ophikira, kuyiteteza ku dzuwa lachindunji ndi ma drafts, pewani madontho a kutentha mwadzidzidzi ndi madzi madziwo.