Kaŵirikaŵiri, okonda zonunkhira amawononga zomera zokhala ndi zitsamba zosungunuka. Wolakwa mu chisokonezo chofanana ndi phokoso la mayina a zitsamba. Koma zonse zokondweretsa ndi thyme zimagwira bwino malo awo mu Chinsinsi cha zophikira zonunkhira.
Pali mitundu yoposa makumi atatu ya machaputala padziko lonse lapansi. Chomeracho chimatchuka chifukwa cha mafuta onunkhira a masamba, omwe ali ndi mafuta ofunika kwambiri. Mukawonjezeredwa kudya, savory amapereka kukoma kwake. M'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi, zouma ndi zowonjezereka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso monga zokometsera zabwino zosiyanasiyana.
Zophika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachikondi, zimakhala zobiriwira, zimakhala ndi zokometsera zokoma, zokoma kwambiri komanso zokometsera tsabola. Pogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yaitali, zokometserazo zouma ndi zimayambira ndipo zimasungidwa mu mtsuko womanga. Ndi njira iyi yosungirako nyengo imasunga kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa nthawi yaitali. Dzina lotchuka la chabra ndi udzu wa tsabola. 
Ndizosavuta, mutangotambasula dzanja lanu pawindo ndikutenga zonunkhira zatsopano zomwe zimatulutsa kukhitchini. Ndipo mbale yotsatira idzawoneka ndi zokoma zatsopano.
Kodi n'zotheka kukula bwino mumphika?
Zitsamba zambiri zonunkhira zimakula ndi chisangalalo m'nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe m'miphika yaing'ono pa khonde kapena mawindo. Zosangalatsa zokometsera zonunkhira zimasiyana ndi zosavuta kumera kunyumba kuchokera ku mbewu. Woperewera aliyense amangofesa mbewu zachitsamba mumphika ndi dothi. Pofesa, nyemba zimagwera pansi osapitirira 1 masentimita ndipo zimadetsedwa ndi nthaka ndipo zimakhala zochepa. Phika ayenera kukulunga mu polyethylene ndikuyika malo otentha. Pambuyo masiku atatu kapena asanu, mukhoza kuyembekezera mphukira yoyamba. Pamene mapesi osakhwima amawonekera, timachotsa filimuyi ndikuyika mphika pafupi ndi kuwala.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mbewu za mchenga zimakhala zochepa kumera ndipo zimasungidwa zaka zoposa ziwiri. Choncho, pofesa mu mphika, ndibwino kutenga mbeu imodzi. Mukamagula mbewu, yang'anani mosamala mndandandawo, penyani tsiku lomaliza la kubzala. Pa phukusili padzakhala chidziwitso chachidule chokhudza mvula komanso momwe mungamere ndi mbeu.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yosungira bwino imagawanika bwino ndikugawanika kwambiri. Khalani omasuka kugawa chitsamba mu hafu ndikuchima.
Malo abwino kwambiri oti mubzala
Mini-munda pawindo kapena loggia - lingaliro lalikulu! Ndiponsotu, ndi yabwino, ndi masamba atsopano, ndi wokongola basi. Mitengo yambiri yokhala ndi zokometsera m'deralo imakula ngati chaka, chifukwa sichilola nyengo yozizira. Ndipo m'nyumba, zonunkhira zotere, kuphatikizapo zokoma, zimatha kukula chaka chonse. 
Khola la zonunkhira liri ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono tochepa, komwe kuli mpweya wambiri wa mpweya, palibe kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha. Palibe tizilombo towononga pabwalo ndipo mungapewe matenda opatsirana. Pafupifupi palibe namsongole. Wothandizira adzawona udzu m'phika laling'ono ndipo nthawi yomweyo adzatuluka. Ndipo izo zikutanthauza - palibe yemwe angatenge chakudya ndi malo okhala kutali ndi zomera.
Minda yomwe ili pawindo kapena pa khonde ikhoza kukonzedwa ndi kubzala chobra mu miphika yayikulu ndi ojambula. Mukhoza kuika miphika pamapulumuti apansi ndi pansi, kapena kukonza makoma omwe mumatha kuika miphika ndi zonunkhira bwino.
Kuunikira kwa chobra chopanga
Kulandira kuwala pang'ono, chomeracho chidzakumbidwa pambuyo pa kukula ndikukoka mapesi pambuyo pofooka. Savory amasangalala kwambiri dzuwa, ngakhale kukhudzana ndi dzuwa lachangu pamasamba sikumamuwopsyeza. Mafuta samaloleza malo amdima ndi zojambula.
Chabru amafunika kuunikira maola asanu kapena asanu pa tsiku. M'nyengo yozizira, mini-ogorodik yofunika dosvechivat. Pachifukwa ichi, nyali ya desiki yodziwika ndi khosi lopindika ndipo woyang'anira nyumba ali ndi nyali zam'mawa.
Pamene mukukula chitsamba mu mphika m'chipinda, kuyatsa kwachilengedwe sikungakhale kokwanira.
Mukudziwa? Kuphulika kwa mafilimu a kuwala kungathe kuwononga mbewu.
Chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa kukula
Kusungira kumakula bwino pamene kutentha kwa mpweya kuli 18 ... +22 ° С. Ngati chipinda chimakhala chozizira kwambiri, chikhoza kuthana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndikufa. Pa kutentha pamwamba pa 25 ° C, ndizofunika kuti muzitha kupopera kangapo pa mlungu ndi madzi.
Nkhumba ndi udzu, ndipo kukula sikuli kovuta, koma mbewu ikadali kummwera, choncho imamasula ndi kufa pamtunda wochepa.
Kukula chitsamba pawindo: kusankha kwa kubzala ndikukonzekera gawo lapansi
Ngati chomeracho chikagulitsidwa m'sitolo kakang'ono kale, akuluakulu amafunika kuwonjezeka. Kugula zomera kumakhala kochepa mu miphika yaing'ono, ndipo panyumba, zokoma zimangosunthira mu chidebe mochulukirapo, pogwiritsa ntchito chomera chotchedwa transshipment plant. Kusungira kunyumba kumakula kukhala chitsamba chamtengo wapatali.
Asanaikidwe, timakonza ngalande mu mphika. Pansi pa mphika munadzaza dothi pang'ono. Pokhapokha ngati mutengedwanso, chomera chokhala ndi clod ya dziko lapansi chimagwedezeka mosamala kuchokera mukale yakale ndikuyika mu chatsopano. Mbali za mphika zimadzaza malo osowa. Timamwa madzi pang'ono, ndipo amayi athu amatha kukonzedwa bwino m'nyumba yatsopano.
Choyamba choyenera chopanga minda yachitsamba chamagulu chikhoza kugulidwa pa sitolo yamaluwa kapena m'sitolo. Zomwe zimapanga chisakanizo zidzasonyezedwa m'thumba la nthaka. Pakuti nthaka yosungirako ndi yoyenera yomwe peat sichiposa magawo atatu. Peat amapereka nthaka acidity, ndipo nthaka acidic ya thyme sikugwirizana ndi kukoma.
Mukudziwa? Kusakaniza kwadothi kungakonzedwe nokha. Kuti muchite izi, tengani gawo la munda wamunda, onjezerani gawo la humus ndi theka la mchenga wa mtsinje. Timasakaniza zonse bwino, ndipo nthaka yofesa mbewu ndi yokonzeka.
Momwe mungabzalidwe mutenge mu mphika: chokonza chiwembu
Kufesa mbewu za chabra
Pofuna kubzala chobra m'chipinda cham'munda, kufesa mbewu kumayamba m'chaka. Nthawi yabwino yofesa ndiyo kutha kwa March - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Musanabzala mbewu, mbewuzo zimabalalika muzitsulo zopanda pake pa nsalu yonyowa ndipo zimasiyira tsiku la mbewu za kutupa ndi zosakaniza za nakleva. Pambuyo pake, amauma pang'ono ndipo amayamba kufesa miphika.
M'nthaka yokhala ndi udzu, timadzi timene timapanga masentimita 1, ndipo timbewu timene timafesedwa mu mizereyi. Pofesa, gwiritsani ntchito mbeu pa mlingo wa: pa 1 lalikulu. Mfesa mbeu 0.3-0.5 g. Mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka pa tsiku la 7-10th. Nthaka nthawi zonse iyenera kukhala yonyowa bwino. Pofuna kuteteza dothi kuti liwume miphika ndi mbewu, zimakhala ndi agrofibre. Pamene mphukira ya chabra ifikira kutalika kwa masentimita 1, iyenera kukhala yochepa. Mu mphika umodzi waukulu mukhoza kusiya mphukira zazing'ono 20 zakuda. Pamene akukula, tchire tiyenera kubzalidwa miphika yambiri. Mphukira zamtundu wachitsulo zimathiriridwa mu masiku 14 oyambirira a moyo kokha kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi, kupopera chinyezi.
Kudzala chomera chachikulu
Timabzala chitsamba chimodzi mumphika umodzi, ndipo kubzala ndi kusamalira zimathandizidwa ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa katini chodzala. Kukula kwa mphika ayenera kukhala osachepera 3 malita.
Nchifukwa chiyani chomera chimodzi chokha chachikulu chimabzalidwa mu mphika wa kukula uku? Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, nthaka sumauma mwamsanga ndipo mizu ya zomera imakula mosavuta. Ndi mizu yotukuka bwino, kumtunda kwa chomera kumakula mofulumira, zimayambira ndi masamba a chitsamba zidzakhala zazikulu.
Miphika ndi zomera zazing'ono zimayikidwa pafupi ndi zenera. Pamene zitsamba zakumwa zonunkhira zimakula ndikukula, zitsulo zimasuntha. Pakati pa akulu akulu ayenera kukhala ndi malo osachepera 20 cm. Zomera zimafuna malo omasuka kuti akule bwino ndi kupeza kuwala.
Mukudziwa? Pofuna kupewa madzi okwanira kawirikawiri, ndi bwino kukhazikitsa udzu wochokera ku mabotolo ndi otentha.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa kuti zisokonezeke kunyumba
Zakudya zopatsa thanzi zimakonda nthaka yochepa kwambiri, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo siidakwera ndi madzi (mwinamwake mizu idzavunda). Koma chisangalalo sichimalekerera chilala chambiri. Masiku awiri kapena atatu popanda kuthirira, amatha kukhala ndi moyo, koma ndibwino kuti musaiwale kumwa madzi.
Momwe mungamwetsere chomera
Pali njira yosavuta yosamalirira chala chanu. Ngati nthawi zambiri mumachoka panyumbamo, mukhoza kukonza chingwe chachitsulo chophikira kukhitchini. Pakuphika kulikonse pali dzenje pansi (chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa chinyezi). Mukamabzala mumphika mumphika, munaika chingwe kuchokera ku nsalu yaitali ya ubweya wa nkhosa. Nkhuni iyi imachotsedwa kupyolera mu mphika wonse, ndipo nsonga yake imatuluka kupita mu dzenje pansi pa mphika. Miphika ndi zomera zimayikidwa mu poto, nsalu ya ubweya imachokera pansi pa mphika uliwonse, ndipo timatsanulira madzi pansi pa pepala lofala. Chomeracho chimatengera madzi, kuchikweza icho kudzera mu chingwe. Pothirira madziwa, mbewuyo siidzakhala yothira, chifukwa idzatenga madzi ambiri. Ngakhale kupyolera mowirikiza kumadya bwinokhalani munda wamaluwa. Momwemonso timaphatikizapo yankho ndi feteleza ku khola. Oyera, okongola pawindo. Ndipo kwa hostess palibe vuto losafunikira.
Chimene muyenera kudziwa podyetsa zomera
Munda wamaluwa ndi kachipupa ayenera kudyetsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthaka mumphika imachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, mchere ndi zinthu zina zofunika kuti chitukuko chikhale chotsuka. Ndibwino kuti apange madiresi apamwamba mwa kuthirira pazu miyezi ina iliyonse.
- Kwa zakudya zamchere zambewu, zimalimbikitsidwa kupanga yankho mwa kusakaniza masewero a phulusa ndi madzi okwanira.
- Zowonjezeredwa zowonjezera nayitrogeni zili ndi zitosi za mbalame zotenthedwa ndi madzi kapena mullein (1:10). Koma, poganizira fungo losasangalatsa pogwiritsira ntchito feteleza chotero m'khitchini, mungathe kuchita ndi feteleza iliyonse yosungiramo zomera. Kawirikawiri pamasakani amenewa pali zida zonse zoyenera za mankhwala (zinc, magnesium, calcium ndi nitrogen, etc.).
Ndikofunikira! Zotsatira zabwino amapezeka pamwamba kuvala kunyumba munda ndi dzira chipolopolo Tingafinye. Kutsekedwa uku kunagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi amayi athu ndi agogo aakazi, njirayi imatsimikiziridwa ndi yodalirika. Kukonzekera kulowetsedwa mu mtsuko wa quart womwe unagwedezeka. M'pofunika kudzaza botolo ndi chipolopolo kwa theka ndikudzaza ndi madzi pamwamba. Tsekani chivindikiro ndikuumirira mu mdima kwa milungu iwiri. Kukweza pamwamba pa kulowetsedwa kumeneku kumakwaniritsa mokwanira chofunika cha chomera cha calcium.
Zosungidwa: kukolola panyumba
Pamene nthambi za munthu wamkulu zimakula kufika 20-30 masentimita, zimadulidwa ndi kudula. Ndi bwino kukolola zonunkhira musanayambe maluwa, panthawiyi nthambi ndi masamba amununkhira makamaka zokometsera. Pamene kudula, chokani mapulaneti pa masentimita 5 kuti pakhale kukula kwa zomera. 
Ngati muli ndi miphika yambiri ya katemera, dulani 2-3 mapiritsi pamphika. Kenako zonunkhira zatsopano pazenera zidzakula nthawi zonse. Pambuyo kudulira chomera, madzi ndi kudyetsa. Ngati zokoma zimakula mwakuya ndipo mulibe nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zobiriwira, amadyera amadzuwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira kwadzidzidzi, zonunkhira sizingatheke, hafu ya mbewu imasiyidwa.
Zosangalatsa zimakhala ndi zokometsera, zonunkhira, komanso kulima mbewu sikovuta kwambiri. Mafutawo amakula, mosakayikira, amapatsa mbale zanu kukoma kwake. Chochita pamene palibe vuto, koma pali chikhumbo chofesa ndikukula zomera zokometsera. Ngakhale m'nyumba yaing'ono mukhoza kupanga munda wachitsamba.
Pambuyo pake, ndi mitundu yonse ya zonunkhira zamasitolo, munda wanu pawindo kapena khonde sizingowonjezerapo kukoma kwa chakudya, komanso kukongoletsa nyumba yanu ndikukulimbikitsani inu ndi okondedwa anu.
