Pafiopedilum ndi mtundu wapamwamba wa orchid, womwe nthawi zambiri umatchedwa "wotchi". Chomera ichi chimakondweretsa ndi mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imasiyana ndi maonekedwe a maluwa ndi masamba. Kukongola kwam'mlengalenga kukuchokera ku South Asia.
N'zotheka kukula nsapato osati ku wowonjezera kutentha, komanso kunyumba, ngati mwalankhula mosamala nkhaniyi ndikupereka nyengo yoyandikana nayo. Pafiopedilum idzakhala yokongoletsera nyumba yanu.
Tsatanetsatane Mwachidule
Pafiopedilum ndi chomera chokhazikika cha zomera zotsamba za herbaceous, banja ndi orchids. Dziko lakwawo ndi:
India- China
- Thailand
- Malaysia.
- Philippines.
IndiaNsapato ya dona imabzalidwa kawirikawiri m'minda yamaluwa chifukwa cha zovuta pakupanga zofunikira ndi kubereka, koma zida zowonjezereka zimatha kukula chikhalidwe ichi m'nyumba komanso nyumba.
Maonekedwe
Mu papiopedilum, mizu imawongolera bwino, imatsitsa pang'ono, ili ndi mtundu wofiira, ndipo tsinde ndi lalifupi. Mafuta a maonekedwe osiyanasiyana, popeza ma orchid osiyanasiyana ndi omwe amadziwika pano. Mutha kuona masamba aakulu kapena oblong.
Mtundu wa mapepalawo ndi wosiyana: ukhoza kukhala monochrome kapena ukhoza kukhala ndi masewera okongola a marabo. Kutalika kwa tsambali ndi 50-60 masentimita. Kuyenda kwa peduncle kumafika kutalika kwa masentimita 5-55. Mu mitundu yonse ya inflorescences ndi ofanana ndi mtundu ndi mawonekedwe. Pa tsinde limodzi mukhoza kupanga maluwa okwana 30.
Maluwawo ndi aakulu, ali ndi mawonekedwe ofotokozera. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala motere:
- chofiira;
- chikasu;
- zobiriwira.
Pamwamba pake imatsogoleredwa pamwamba, ndi yayikulu komanso yowala, pamene kuwala kukuphimbidwa. Izi zimalepheretsa madzi kulowa mkati mvula kapena kuthirira. Mlomo umafanana ndi nsapato yokongola, choncho Orchid ndipo adalandira maina angapo:
- chopondera chadona;
- hooters;
- chotengera cha Venus.
Chithunzi
Mudzawona chithunzi cha duwa:
Mbiri ya
Mndandanda wa pfiopedilum kukhala mtundu wosiyana unachitika m'zaka za zana la 19. Kubwerera mu 1819 ku India, wasayansi wa ku Denmark Nathaniel Wallich kwa nthawi yoyamba anapatsa dziko lapansi maluwa okongola kwambiri. Chaka chimenecho orchid inayamba kufalikira ku Ulaya konse. M'zaka za m'ma 1900, maluwa odabwitsa ameneĊµa anabadwira kumapiri a ku England kunyumba yachifumu.
Kodi kusiyana kotani ndi mitundu ina ya zomera?
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa Pafiopedilum kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya orchid ndi kuti duwa limasonyeza mmene zimakhalira: kutentha, chinyezi, nthaka. Kuonjezera apo, muyenera kufotokoza nthawi yogula mbewu kuchokera kwa katswiri. Chinthu chotsatira cha maluwa ndi chakuti mutatha maluwa musamagwe, kotero kuti chaka chonse chomeracho chimakondweretsa ndi maonekedwe ake okongola, koma m'malo mokongola.
Tumizani
Mitundu yotsatira yotchuka ya papiopedilum ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa:
- Appleton. Chomerachi chimadziwika ndi maluwa akuluakulu ndi amphamvu, omwe ndi aakulu masentimita 10. Maluwa amawoneka masika, ndipo kuti nthawi yayitali ikhale yofunikira kupereka chikhalidwe mosamala. Mtundu wa maluwa ndi wofiira, ndipo masambawo ali obiriwira, ali ndi fungo losangalatsa. Mtundu wa marble umwazikana pamwamba pa mbale ya pepala. Kuchuluka kwa masamba kuli kovuta, ndipo nsonga zawo zimakhala zozungulira pang'ono.
- Wodabwitsa. Himalayas amakhala malo obadwira a mtundu woterewu. Maluwa ake ndi obiriwira kwambiri, ndipo mukhoza kuyang'ana kukongola kwawo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira komanso m'nyengo yozizira. Pamene kukula kwa zomera kumamupatsa iye ozizira. Leaf mbale mpaka 30 cm yaitali, peduncle - sing'anga.
- Chipale chofewa Maluwa otchedwa orchid ndi osakhwima kwambiri, ndipo akakula amakhala ndi kuwala komanso kutentha. Pa maluwa oyera maluwa amatha kuwonedwa, pamtunda umene madontho a mdima amabalalika. Ndimodzi wautali, masentimita 20, mutha kupeza maluwa okometsera okwana 1-2, ndi masentimita 8 masentimita. Tsamba la masamba ndilolitali, ndipo ma marble ali pamwamba pake.
Maluwa
Nthawi
Kutalika kwa maluwa ndi miyezi itatu, koma ngakhale pambuyo pake, chomeracho chidzawonetsa masamba okongola.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mtsogolo musanakhale maluwa?
Maluwa amenewa amachititsa kuti zisamuke. Musanayambe maluwa komanso musanayambe maluwa, simungathe kusuntha mphika ndi pfiopedilumom . Popeza zimapweteka maluwa, tsinde ndi masamba angakhale opunduka.
Chomera chimakonda kuwala kwambiri, makamaka nthawi ya maluwa. Komanso, simungathe kubwezeretsa duwa, chifukwa cha nkhawa, maluwa sangakhalepo konse. Pamene orchid ottsvetet, ndi peduncle ikauma, ndiye kuti iyenera kudula pansi.
Bwanji ngati palibe masamba?
Kuti muphuke, simungalole kutsika kwa madzi. Ndikofunika kuti muzisunga miyambo ya chinyezi, manyowa ndi madzi nthawi, komanso fitolamps m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Posakhalitsa maluwa, komanso nthawi yomwe simungathe kusunthira kapena kusuntha mphika.
Malangizo osamalira pang'onopang'ono
Kusankha malo
Ngati mukukula maluwa m'nyumba, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kuiyika mu ngodya yowonongeka, kumene kulibe mthunzi ndi tsankho.
Kukonzekera ndi mphika
Pa nsapato za Venus, muyenera kusankha gawo lomwe lingathe kusunga chinyezi. Ziyenera kuphatikizapo zigawo zotsatirazi:
- makungwa a pine;
- sphagnum;
- makala.
Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala komanso yofiira. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphika, ndi bwino kusankha bwino komanso osasinthasintha, komanso chofunika kwambiri kuti chiwonongeke.
Kutentha
Pafiopedilum, kutentha kwakukulu kwa chilimwe kumakhala madigiri 23-28, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira ziwerengero izi ziyenera kukhala madigiri 18-23. Ngati mukukula mitundu yofiira yofiira yomwe ili ndi masamba akuluakulu komanso amdima, ndiye kuti kutentha kuli bwino kuchepetsa ndi madigiri 2-3. Pa nthawi yomweyo usiku zizindikiro za kutentha ziyenera kukhala madigiri 3-5 mmunsi kuposa masana.
Chinyezi
Pakuti ma orchids pafiopedilumoptimal chinyezi amakhala 70-80%. Koma kuchita kupopera mbewu mankhwala sikuvomerezeka. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi mu chipinda, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamadzi kapena malo okhala ndi madzi pafupi ndi chomera.
Kuunikira
Pafiopedilum - chomera chowala. Ndi bwino kulikula pazenera za kumadzulo kapena kummawa. Nthawi yamasana, pamene dzuwa limatentha, kodi muyenera kuganizira za shading. Nthawi yamadzulo a maolachi amatha maola 12-13.
Kuthirira
Pafiopedilum ndi chikhalidwe chosatsitsika, choncho salola kulemeka kwa nthaka, koma kutentha kwambiri kumatha kuwononga chikhalidwe cha mbeu. Pamene orchid imalowa mu siteji ya kukula, zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri kuti zimapereka madzi okwanira, ndipo kumapeto kwa kuthirira maluwa kumachepetse.
Pothirira kuthirira muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi osungirako oyera. Mukamanyowa, sungani kukhudzana ndi madzi pa masamba ndi pamtunda. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothirira, yomwe mphika umaikamo poto ndi madzi.
Kupaka pamwamba
Manyowa a orchids amapanga kamodzi pamwezi, ndipo panthawi ya maluwa kuti achite izi mobwerezabwereza kawiri pa mwezi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wapadera mchere, koma kuchuluka kwa momwe mawonetseredwe kawonedwe kawonedwe kawiri kawiri kawiri. Pafiopedilum salola mchere wochuluka m'nthaka. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kuthirira madziwo ndi madzi osungunuka, ndipo nthawi yotsatira mukamawonjezera feteleza mchere.
Kuwaza
Ngati dothi lakhala loipitsidwa kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndibwino kulikonza. Zimalangizidwa kuti musamalire mapulasi a mitundu iyi kamodzi pa miyezi 7-8 iliyonse. Pangani bwino kumapeto kwa nyengo, zonse mosamalitsa komanso mosamala, kuti musawononge mizu. Ndondomeko:
- Imwani nyemba tsiku lomwe lisanachitike.
- Chotsani duwa mofatsa, kuti musawononge mizu. Mukhoza kutsuka ndi madzi ndi kuyembekezera kuti ziume.
- Bzalani chomera mu mphika watsopano ndi nthaka.
- Pambuyo pa kusakaniza, musamamwe maluwa kwa masiku 3-4.
Kodi mungachuluke bwanji?
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma orchid a mtundu uwu wa njira yogawirana chitsamba panthawi yopatsa. Kuti muchite izi, m'pofunika kuchoka mabwalo atatu ndi mizu pa delenka iliyonse. Pambuyo pa mbeuyi, musamamwe madzi masabata awiri. Kunja, kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 22.
Chenjerani! Ngati nambala ya rosettes ndi yochepera katatu, papiopedilum idzatenga nthawi yaitali kuti izuke, ndipo maluwa sadzachitika.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Pakati pa tizirombo, ngozi ya papiopedilum ndi:
- zopanda;
- scythes;
- cherventsy.
Mitunduyi imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa tsamba la masamba, zimayambira ndi peduncles, pamene zimamwa madzi. Chifukwa chake, orchid ili ndi mame wakuda. Kupopera mbewu Fitoverm, yomwe imachitika kamodzi pa sabata, imathandizira kuchotsa zoipa za tizirombozi.
Matenda aakulu a orchid ndi ovunda ndi bowa. Izi ndi matenda a muzu ndi maziko ake. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutuluka kwa mpweya wosawuka, kutentha kwambiri ndi dampness. Sungani zomwezo zingathe sulfate yamkuwa.
Zomera zofanana
Zomera zoterozo zikufanana ndi pafiopedilum:
- Bearded Iris. Mitunduyi ikuwoneka ngati maluwa. Villi ya masamba apansi amafanana ndi ndevu zabwino kwambiri.
- Cumbria Chikhalidwe ichi chili ndi maluwa, zomwe zimakhala ndi mdima wandiweyani, ndipo chapamwamba cham'mbali chimayendayenda, monga pafiopedilum.
- Chotsitsa chachikulu. Chomera ichi chikhoza kusankhidwa kumudzi ndi kumunda. Imakhala ndi maluwa okongola a lilac ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira.
- Zowonongeka. Mu chikhalidwe, masamba amawoneka ngati orchid - lonse ndi elliptical mawonekedwe, ndi ngakhale kudula. Maluwawo ndi ofanana ndi papiopedilum, ndipo mtundu wawo ukhoza kukhala wofiira kapena wofiirira.
- Grammatofillium. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi maluwa okongola achikasu ndi mabala ofiira.
Pafiopedilum ndi chodabwitsa kwambiri komanso chokongola chomera chomwe chimakongoletsera osati minda yamaluwa, komanso malo ogona. Ndipo chisamaliro cha chikhalidwe chiyenera kukhala chokwanira komanso chokhazikika, kukongola kwa maonekedwe ake, sichidzasiya aliyense wolima.
