Matenda a geranium, mumasamba a geranium amatembenuka chikasu ndikuwuma - choti achite?

Mutha kukumana ndi geraniums, kapena pelargonium, pafupifupi m'nyumba iliyonse. Maluwa amatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kukongola komanso kuchiritsa kwawo. Nthawi zambiri okonda zobiriwira zobiriwira amakumana ndi zovuta ndi zovuta za geranium, amakambidwa pambuyo pake.

Monga mbewu zina zambiri, pelargonium nthawi zambiri imakumana ndi matenda, ilipo yambiri. Nkhaniyi ipereka lingaliro la matenda omwe amakonda kwambiri.

Masamba a Geranium amasanduka achikasu

Kupaka masamba pamapeto kumawonetsera kuthirira kosakwanira, kusowa chinyezi - chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Ngati mtundu utasintha ndi maluwa oopsa, ndiye kuti madzi amachepetsa.

Geranium, mawonekedwe

Chifukwa chiyani masamba a geranium amasanduka achikasu? Kupanda kuyatsa kwa chipindacho kumayambitsa chikasu cha masamba otsika pachomera.

Masamba achikasu a geranium

Kuti mupewe vuto, muyenera kuyang'anira kuthirira ndi kukula kwa poto wa geranium. Zopanda zingwe sizimalola kuti mizu ikule bwino, chomwe ndi chifukwa cha kufa kwa madera ena achikhalidwe, chitha kuyamba kuwuma.

Ma Geranium amasanduka achikasu komanso owuma, nditani? Zomwe zimachitikira izi ndizambiri, chifukwa chake nkoyenera kuganizira mwatsatanetsatane ena a iwo.

Kutentha kolakwika

Chizindikiro choyenera cha geraniums chipinda ndi + 20 ° C. Kuchulukitsa parishi kumasintha mtundu wa mapepala. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimawonedwa nthawi yozizira ndikuwotcha kwamphamvu kwa mpweya kuchokera mabatire apakati.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala

Kuuma ndi kukongoletsa masamba kumachitika ngati mankhwala, mwachitsanzo, mankhwala owononga namsongole, ali ndi khungu. Kuphatikiza apo, duwa limawonetsa chidwi cha ukhondo ndi zodzikongoletsera: awa ndi opanga mpweya, opopera tsitsi, ndi zina.

Kupezeka kwa kukonzekera

Zomera zambiri zamkati zimayikidwa pazenera la sill, ndi mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse pamakhala mavuto ena. Masamba a Geranium amatembenukira chikasu, choti achite? Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusankha malo omwe kukonzekera sikungavulaze pelargonium.

Masamba a Geranium amasandulika ofiira

Kuchepa kwa masamba a masamba kukuwonetsa kuti zolakwitsa zinapangidwa posamalira mbewu. Zifukwa pano zingakhale zosiyana: kuyambira kuphwanya ntchito zaulimi kupita kosasamalidwa bwino. Kuti tisunge duwa, sikofunikira kungoyankha pavuto, komanso kuchitira chitsamba.

Masamba a Geranium amasandulika ofiira

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo:

• Kutentha kochepa mkati. Ndi zizindikiro zokhazikika za +18 ° C ndi pansipa, mmerowo umayamba kuyankha mosavomerezeka, monga, mwa kusintha tsamba pamapikisano, kenako mtundu wa tsamba lonse ukusintha. Kutentha kuyenera kusinthidwa posachedwa, mpaka pelargonium wataya masamba onse;
• Matenda a fungus kapena bacteria. Zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ndizomera zomwe zimayatsidwa kuthirira kwambiri ndikuyimirira m'chipinda chozizira. Dera ili limakonda kwambiri spores ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana;
• Kuperewera kwa michere. Kusakhalapo kwa mavalidwe apamwamba ndi magnesium ndi nayitrogeni kumabweretsa chakuti ma geraniums amasandulika ofiira;
• Kuthira manyowa ambiri. Masamba osalala amapeza tint yofiira ngakhale chikhalidwecho chimalandira nitrogen yambiri;
• Ngati masamba a geranium atatembenuka ofiira, chifukwa chake ndi kukula kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pelargonium ndi chomera chowoneka bwino, koma pakuwonekera nthawi yayitali ndi dzuwa, chimayamba kutentha osati masamba okha, komanso tsinde. Amawoneka ngati mawanga ofiira.

Chifukwa chiyani geranium imasiya youma

Vuto lina lomwe mwiniwake wa geranium angakumane nalo ndi kufinya kwa masamba a masamba. Zomwe zimayambitsa izi mmera ndi zingapo:

• kuyatsa kosakwanira;
• kuthirira kwambiri kapena kusakwanira;
• kutentha kwa dzuwa;
• kutentha kosayenera;
• matenda a fungal pelargonium;
• kuwoneka kwa tizirombo;
• mphika waung'ono.

Zifukwa zina zakambidwa kale pamwambapa, zosankha zomwe sizinafotokozedwe zifotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Masamba auma

Kupanda kuwala kumawonetsedwa ndi chikomokere pang'onopang'ono ndi kuyanika masamba omwe amakhala pansi pamalowo. Kukula kwa gawo la tsinde kumayamba, gawo lotulutsa limakhala losowa kwambiri kapena silikupezeka kwathunthu. Ndikosavuta kukonza vutoli posunthira poto pamalo oyenera, pafupi ndi gwero lounikira, kapena kukhazikitsa phytolamp.

Maonekedwe a tizirombo timayendera limodzi ndi mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono achikasu achikaso. Nthawi zina, mphukira ndimakutidwa ndi zokutira kapena matipi. Madontho akamakula, mbale zamasamba zimayamba kuuma. Ndikofunikira kudziwa yemwe amavulaza mbewu ndikuchotsa majeremusi posachedwa.

Masamba akusonyeza kuti masamba akhwangwala: poyamba amatha kutuluka chikasu, kenako nkuwuma ndikugwa. Kuphatikiza apo, mizu imayamba kuonekera mu dzenje lakutsanulira mumphika. Njira yabwino yochotsera izi ndikusintha kwachikhalidwe.

Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyang'anira momwe kuyanika masamba kumachitikira:

• chotupa chimakhudza mbale masamba m'mphepete - madzi okwanira;
• mmera womwewo umayamba kuuma - nthenda ya fungus.

Bordeaux madzi 5% ithandiza kuti muchotse bowa. Pamodzi ndi izi, chikhalidwe chimathandizidwa kawiri ndi Fitosporin popuma sabata.

Kupanda maluwa

Pofuna kuti chomera chomwe chili mnyumbamo chikondweretse mwini wake ndi maluwa okongola, amafunika kukhala mndende moyenera, zikuphwanya zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masamba asapezeke. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo:

• Kuperewera kwa feteleza;
• Kutsirira kolakwika;
• Mphika sugwirizana ndi chomera;
• Kudula sikumachitika mwachangu. Ndi kukula kwamphamvu ndi kukula kwambiri, pelargonium imangotulutsa masamba a masamba okha. Muyenera kudula kumapeto kwa miyezi yophukira kapena yophukira;
• Kupanda kuyatsa;
• Kuperewera kwa nyengo yozizira. Chizindikiro cha kutentha pa nthawi yozizira chiyenera kukhala mpaka + 16 ° C. Zomera ziyenera kulandira kuwala osachepera maola 5 patsiku. Kutsirira kumachitika pang'ono magawo amadzimadzi.

Matenda otheka

Bowa Botrytis

Zambiri zomwe zimatsogolera kutalika kwa masamba mu geranium zafotokozedwa kale, koma pali ina - mawonekedwe a bowo wa botrytis (Botrytis). Itha kuzindikirika ndikugonjetsedwa kwa tsamba lamasamba: imayamba kuchoka osati m'mphepete mwa masamba, koma ndi pembera zitatu. Kuthana ndi matendawa sikophweka monga momwe zikuwonekera. Chithandizo cha fungicidal sichiperekanso zotsatira zoyenera nthawi yoyamba.

Botrytis

Zovunda

Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa malo owoneka bwino mumtambo, ndipo mycelium ya bowa, yomwe imayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu, imayamba. Pang'onopang'ono, mbewuyo imafota.

Zovunda

Vutoli lingabuke pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

• kuphatikiza feteleza kwambiri pansi;
• kutentha kwakukulu m'chipindacho;
• kuthirira kwambiri;
• osagwirizana ndi boma lowunikira;
• kusowa kwa mpweya wabwino.

Monga njira zoyendetsera:

• kutsatira nkhani za agrotechnical;
• kusiya kuthirira;
• Chithandizo cha fungosis: Fundazol, Rovral.

Tsamba la dzimbiri

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matendawa ndikuwonekera pamasamba amalo okhala ndi mtundu wachikasu wachikasu. Zotupa zokhala ndi spore ufa zimatha kupanga. Ndikawonongeka kwambiri, mbewuyo imakhala yoopsa ndipo imataya masamba.

Mankhwalawa ikuchitika:

• kugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira pansi;
• mbali zakufa za mbewuzo zimachotsedwa;
• mankhwala a fungicidal amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Dzimbiri

Bacteria

Matenda a Geranium akuphatikiza matenda amtundu wa bakiteriya, amafalitsidwa ndi ma virus. Malo amtundu wamtundu wakuda amatha kuwoneka pamasamba. Magawo a zotupa amuma pang'onopang'ono, ndipo mafinya onse a pelargonium amawuma.

Momwe mungathane ndi vutoli:

• Kuyeretsa dothi, ndikumadzaza chikhalidwecho muchidebe china ndi dothi labwino. Nthaka yakale imalimbikitsidwa kutaya;
• Kuthirira m'mawa;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito fungicidal othandizira.

Viral

Mwa gulu ili la matenda, Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe: zonse ndizodabwitsa, komanso mawonekedwe a mawanga omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira pabwalo lofiirira. Nkhondo yolimbana ndi ma virus siyosiyana kwambiri ndi nkhondo yolimbana ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya. Chisamaliro chachikulu chimaperekedwa kwa tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa matendawa.

Kuwaza malo

Mwanjira ina, matendawa amatchedwa alternariosis. Pansi pa tsamba limakutidwa ndi mawanga ndi ma thovu, ndiye kuti limafota, kutembenukira chikasu, ndikugwa.

Ndi cercosporosis, maonekedwe oyera otuwa oyera amaonekanso, ndiye kuti amatuwa. Dera lomwe lakhudzidwalo pamapeto pake limasanduka lofiirira ndipo limadzuka pakati.

Chithandizo:

• Kuchotsa masamba okhudzidwa;
• kuwonda kwa njira;
• mankhwalawa.

Kutupa

Matendawa amatsimikizika ndi kukhalapo kwa thovu, mkati mwake momwe mumakhala madzi. Zimapangidwa pamasamba. Poyamba, thovu ndiwobiriwira pang'ono, kenako nlofiirira. Edema imachitika chifukwa cha chinyezi chochulukirapo komanso chizindikiro chochepa kwambiri cha mpweya ndi nthaka. Amachotsera zizindikirocho mwa kusintha momwe mbewuyo imakhalira.

Kutupa

Njira zopewera

Matenda ambiri komanso zovuta zachikhalidwe zimachitika pamene mikhalidwe ya chisamaliro ikuphwanyidwa. Popewa matenda, kupewetsa masamba kuti asatembenuke, Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo osavuta:

1. Kutsatira ndi kutentha kwa boma.
2. Kuyang'anira chidziwitso chinyezi, zonse dothi ndi mpweya.
3. Kupereka kuyatsa kokwanira.
4. Ntchito feteleza.
5. Menyani ndi midges.

Ngati tizilombo tapezeka, mbewu zonse zimayang'aniridwa, kutsukidwa, kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Spider mite

Geranium yakhala ikuonedwa ngati chomera chofunikira kwambiri panyumba chokhoza kuwononga mabakiteriya ochuluka. Komanso, duwa limakhala ndi machiritso omwe chikhalidwe chimafunikira chisamaliro choyenera kuti chisasungidwe.

Kanema