Maluwa a orchids ndi zomera zokongola kwambiri zomwe zikukula mwakhama kunyumba. Koma pali zochitika pamene duwa limayamba kufota pang'onopang'ono ndipo limatha kusamba. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo izi, koma kawirikawiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo, ndi zithunzi ndi zofotokozera zomwe wolima aliyense ayenera kuzidziwa. M'nkhaniyi, tiphunzira zomwe zimayambitsa maluwa ndi momwe angachitire ndi iwo.
Kodi ndizoopsa zotani?
Popeza tizirombo timadyetsa madzi ndi zakudya mumaluwa a orchid, amasiya kukula, maluwa amaima kapena amawoneka, masamba amasintha mawonekedwe, amawongolera. Pakapita kanthawi, phalaenopsis idzayamba kufota ndikufa. Ndi mbali ziti za zomera zomwe zimagunda? Tizilombo timakhudza kwambiri zimayambira, mizu ndi masamba a zomera.Amayamwa madzi kuchokera ku zinthu izi, kuchititsa duwa kufota ndi kufa.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji za kukhalapo kwawo?
Nthaŵi zambiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayendera maluwa m'chilimwe. Pali njira zambiri zomwe mungazizindikire:
- Usiku, ikani chidutswa cha apulo kapena nkhaka kuzungulira chomeracho mumphika. M'mawa mumatha kuona amene adya.
- Njirayi ikukuthandizani kuzindikira tizilombo zomwe zimakhala mu mizu. Ndikofunika kumiza mphika ndi maluwa mu chidebe ndi madzi. Mafinya mkati mwa mphindi 1-2 adzafulumira kuyandama.
Zimatanthauza kulimbana
Mankhwala
Pochotsa tizirombo zomwe zimagunda phalaenopsis, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala awa:
- Aktara. Mankhwalawa amachititsa tizirombo monga nkhanambo, chervintsy, aphid ndi thrips. Pa nthawi yomweyi chidacho ndi chitetezo kwa ena. Pogwiritsa ntchito, zomera zimatetezedwa kwa milungu iwiri.
- Aktara. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopopera mbewu kapena kuthirira. Mapangidwe akuchitika ndi nthawi ya masiku 7-10.
- Actellic. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, whitefly, nthata, ntchentche, zamatsenga, ndi zam'mimba. Nthawi zina ngakhale mankhwala amodzi ndi okwanira.
- Zivomerezani. Chithandizochi chimayambitsa zozizwitsa zofanana ndi mankhwala omwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma ndizochepa chabe. Pofuna kuthetsa yankho, tengani madzi okwanira 1 litre ndi 5 ml.
- Bi 58. Ichi ndi mankhwala amphamvu a ntchito zonse. Mankhwalawa amapezeka ndi njira yothetsera 30ml ya mankhwala ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre.
Folk
Mungathe kuchotsa tizirombo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka a kunyumba:
- Masamba a Phalaenopsis angathe kuchiritsidwa ndi swab ya thonje yoviikidwa mu mafuta a masamba. Pansi pa filimu ya mafuta, cherventsy ndi shchitovki ayamba kugwedezeka. Kuchita processing m'mawa kapena madzulo.
- Kupanga kupopera mafuta kumatenga madzi okwanira 1 litre ndi 40 ml mafuta a maolivi. Chotsitsa cha emulsion chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera okhudzidwa. Kuchita ndondomeko 1 nthawi pa sabata katatu.
Thandizo! Mu malo ovuta kufika, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito burashi kuti mugwiritse ntchito mafuta.
- Gulani clove wa adyo, ndi madzi omwe amachititsa kuti akonze malo okhudzidwa. Bweretsani chithandizo 1 nthawi pa sabata 3-4 nthawi.
Zamoyo
Pochiza phalaenopsis kukonzekera kotereku ndi kothandiza:
- Bicol. Ichi ndi mankhwala a acaricidal omwe amachokera ku bakiteriya mavuto Bacillusthuringiesisvar thuringiesis. Yesetsani kuthetseratu tizilombo toyambitsa kangaude. Bicol imatha kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa imakhala ndi m'mimba.
- Verticillin. Ichi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe adachokera ku bowa Verticilliumlecanii. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi whitefly. Zotsatira zake zimagwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti conidia kapena mablastospores a bowa amatha kupyolera mu chiwerengero cha tizilombo ndikulowa mu thupi lake. Kumeneko amakula ndi kupha ziwalo zake.
Tizilombo towononga ndi chithunzi
Pliers
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kubzala mbewu m'masitolo kapena kunyumba. Zikiti zimapyoza masamba a phalaenopsis, kuwapangitsa kuwavulaza., zowuma ndi kugwa. Mabotolo sangakhoze kutsegula, ndipo mmalo mwa imfa yochedwa iyi. Mankhwalawa amatha kudziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mphutsi pa tsamba la tsamba. Mungathe kuchotsa nkhupakupa ngati mutasonkhanitsa ndi manja anu ndikuziika m'madzi. Mutha kupopera mbewuyi ndi Fitoverm kamodzi pa masabata awiri.
Kupuma
Tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala m'madera osiyanasiyana m'minda. Iwo ali ndi mtundu wakuda ndi awiri awiri a mapiko, kotero kusunthira kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi kupita ku china si vuto kwa iwo. Amabisala pansi, choncho zimakhala zovuta kuzipeza. Pambuyo pa nkhanza zazitsamba zasiliva zimakhalabe. Thrips amayamwa madzi kuchokera ku phalaenopsis, ndipo mu mizu amaika mphutsi. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, muyenera kutulutsa maluwa ndi njira yothetsera Aktellika ndi Fitoverma.
Ntchentche yoyera
Ndigulugufe kamene kakang'ono ndi mtundu wofiira. Amadyetsa zowonongeka za mbeu, ndipo amamera mwachindunji pa zimayambira. Pambuyo pogonjetsedwa ndi Nthenga Yoyera, Phalaenopsis amakhala waulesi ndi ofooka., masamba ake amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa. Popeza ma whitflies akuuluka bwino, mphutsi zikhoza kuikidwa pansi pa masamba. Mankhwalawa amatha kuthetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi njira yothetsera madzi okwanira 1ml ndi sopo la 20 lasufu. Njira yokonzekera kupopera Phalaenopsis 1 nthawi pa sabata.
Mafinya opambana
Gululi likuphatikiza tizirombo zomwe zimadyetsa zomera. Kawirikawiri ndiwotchi. Mutha kuziwona pa mtundu wofiirira. Sitikukwawa ndipo sauluka, koma dumphirani, kotero zimakhala zovuta kuti mupeze tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ngati pali vuto lalikulu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, amadya mizu ya orchid. Mukhoza kuchotsa zovala, ngati mumachepetsa kuthirira (2 pa sabata), ndipo mumapanga duwa ndi munda wa phyto.
Aphid
Mankhwalawa samayambitsa maluwa, koma kumasulidwa kwawo, komwe kumachoka pamamasamba, kumawaletsa kupeza mpweya wabwino. Ndi masamba omwe mabakiteriya ndi bowa amayamba kuchuluka. Pochotsa nsabwe za m'masamba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito yankho ndi sopo, koma samapiritsira orchid, ndikupukuta mbale zomwe zimakhudzidwa.
Nematodes
Izi ndi mphutsi zomwe zazungulira. Amalowa mu mizu, tsinde ndi masamba. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadya phalaenopsis ndikuyamwa madzi. Nematodes sikuti amadyetsa zokha pazomera, koma amasiyiranso kusungunula. Chifukwa cha ichi, orchid imasiya kukula, imamwalira patapita kanthawi. Nematodes sindimakonda madzi otentha, kotero mumatha kutentha maluwa. Ingochitani mosamala kuti musawononge izo.
Mokritsy
Mavitaminiwa ndi alendo ambiri a orchid. Muyenera kumenyana nawo nthawi yomweyo, mwamsanga mutangozindikira. Ndipo ngakhale nkhuni za nkhuni zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, zimakhala zotanganidwa kwambiri pansi. Amabisala pakamwa madzi, kotero kupeza tizilombo si kophweka. Kuti mugonjetse tizirombo, muyenera kuchepetsa orchid m'madzi ndikudikirira pang'ono. Pambuyo pa mphindi 2-3, nkhuni zimayamba kukwawa. Ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikhalebe, ndibwino kuti tifikitse duwa, tisanatuluke bwino.
Mealybug
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amawoneka ngati mpira wofiira. Kwa phalaenopsis, tizilombo tokongola kwambiri ndi ngozi yaikulu, chifukwa sizingatheke kuzizindikira nthawi. Mealybug amasankha mwakhama kufika pamalo - mizu. Amayamwa madzi kuchokera ku chomera, ndipo atasiya madzi oyera.
Kawirikawiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa amapezeka kale masamba atayamba kutembenuka n'kuyamba kugwa. Kuti mugonjetse tizilombo, muyenera kuchotsa masamba onse owuma ndi owonongeka. Muyeneranso kufufuza mosamala malo omwe angakhale ndi majeremusi. Mukhoza kuchipeza mothandizidwa ndi timitengo yamba.
Shchitovka ndi chishango chonyenga
Tizilombo toyamwa timadya zakudya zonse kuchokera ku phalaenopsis, ndipo pambuyo pake timadzi timadzi timakhalabe pa masamba komanso timayambira. Ndiwopamwamba kwambiri kwa chitukuko cha bowa ndi zowola. Anthu akuluakulu amatha kuika mphutsi mwachindunji pa tsinde. Amamatira ku chomera, kudyetsa madzi ake. M'masiku ochepa, munthuyo adzakula ndipo adzawononga kwambiri mbewu.
Kugonjetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amenewa ndi osavuta: muyenera kusamba maluwa ndi madzi, kenako tizilombo titha. Mukhozanso kukonzanso orchid Aktellik ndi Fitoverma. Kuchita mwambo umenewu kawiri pa mwezi. Pambuyo pochotseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, phalaenopsis imayenera kuikidwa.
Ndizochita zotani zowonongeka zomwe sizingachitike?
Pochita ndi matenda a phalaenopsis, zotsatirazi siziyenera kuchitika:
- Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo tolimba, chifukwa sangathe kuwononga tizilombo komanso tizilombo tokha.
- Gwiritsani ntchito njira zothetsera masiku angapo. Kuchotsa tizilombo zoyenera okha mwatsopano wokonzeka zikuchokera.
- Kukonzekera yankho silinali molingana ndi malangizo, osagwirizana ndi ndondomeko, ndondomeko za ndalama ndi luso lamakono.
Kusamalira maluwa atalandira mankhwala
Pambuyo pazilombo zonse za phalaenopsis zatha, maluwawo ayenera kusungidwa bwino:
- Kuunikira. Orchid iyenera kuikidwa pa siteti yokhala ndi kuunikira bwino, koma popanda kulowa mkati mwa dzuwa. Chifukwa cha kusowa kuwala, masamba amachoka, ndipo maluwa amakhala osowa.Thandizo! Nthawi ya usana ayenera kukhala maola 12.
- Kutentha. Kwa phalaenopsis, m'pofunika kusunga kutentha masana 18-27 madigiri Celsius, ndipo usiku - 13-24 madigiri.
- Kuthirira. Kwa phalaenopsis, kuthirira moyenera kumafunika kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa, koma osati yonyowa kwambiri. Madzi ayenera kuthira thawed, owiritsa ndi madigiri 2-3 pamwamba pa firiji. M'nyengo yotentha moisten nthaka 2-3 pa sabata, ndi m'nyengo yozizira - 1-2 nthawi mu masiku 7.
- Feteleza. Kudyetsa kumachitika nthawi 1 mu masabata atatu. Gwiritsani ntchito izi mukufunikira zolemba zopangidwa ndi orchids. Kuwonjezera duwa sikoyenera, popeza kuti mchere wochuluka wamchere umakhudza kukula ndi maluwa.
Imodzi mwa malamulo a phalaenopsis chisamaliro ndi chitetezo cha tizilombo. Koma chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa kapena kuphwanya ulimi, kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sikungapewe. Kuti ma orchid asafota ndi kutha, m'pofunika kuyamba tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuyamwitsa chithandizo mwamsanga, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezeka.
