"Zephyranthes" (Upstart) imatanthawuza zomera zosatha zotsalira Amaryllis banja.
Mwachilengedwe, malo a kukula kwake ndi South ndi Central America (madera otentha ndi madontho otentha).
Dzinalo la "Zephyranthes" limamasuliridwa monga "Maluwa a mphepo yakumadzulo".
Mwachiwonekere, izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kuthengo kumatuluka pansi ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yamvula, pamene mphepo ya kumadzulo imayamba kuwomba (Zephyr).
Mutu winanso wakuti "Upstart" iye adachita zodabwitsa limakula mofulumira ndipo limamasula. Kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ake mpaka kuyamba kwa maluwa kupitirira masiku angapo. Ndipo maluwa ena amatchedwa "Upstart" bwanji? Pali njira zambiri: "Mvula" kapena "Madzi Lily", "Rain Flower" kapena "Home Daffodil".
Zithunzi za maluwa "Zephyranthes" chithunzi, chisamalidwe kunyumba chomera - zonsezi ndipo sizingowonjezekanso m'nkhaniyi.
Kulongosola kwachidule
Chomera "upstart" ali ndi mababu aang'ono (mpaka mamita 3.5 masentimita) ozungulira kapena ovoid, khosi lawo likhoza kukhala lalitali kapena lalifupi.
Mdima wobiriwira kapena wamtundu wobiriwira amafika pa masentimita makumi anai m'litali ndi umodzi m'lifupi.
Zilonda zam'mimba zimakula mpaka masentimita makumi atatu. Maluwa ooneka ngati nyenyezi (pafupifupi masentimita 8 m'mimba mwake) amafanana ndi ziphuphu.
Iwo ali akhoza kukhala mitundu yosiyana kwambiri ndi kusamba mofanana ndi maonekedwe a masamba. Maluwa akhoza kuchitika nthawi iliyonse ya chaka.
M'mayiko kumene maluwa am'mwamba akufalikira kuthengo, komanso ku China, omwe ali ponseponse anagwiritsa ntchito m'zochita zawo zamachiritso. Amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuti asamalire mabala, zilonda, kutentha, shuga, matenda a chiwindi, matenda opuma, chiwindi ndi impso.
Nchifukwa chiyani n'kosatheka kusunga maluwa okwezeka kunyumba ndipo, monga momwe ziliri ndi zomera zina, kudzipangira mankhwala? Mfundo ndi yakuti mababu a mbewu muli ndi zinthu zingapo zoopsa Choncho, ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zisawononge zotsatira zake.
Malinga ndi zikhulupiliro za anthu, "Zephyrantes" zimathandiza kusunga chikondi, chikondi ndi kumvetsetsa pakati pa okwatirana kwa zaka zambiri. Pa nthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa, zomera zimakhala ndi mphamvu zamphamvu, zomwe kumathetsa manyazi, kuuma ndi kuuma. Anthu omwe amalima Zefirantes amakhala omasuka komanso okondana.
Mwamvetsera chidwi maluwa "Kumtunda" - zithunzi za chomera:
Mitundu ndi maluwa awo
M'nkhalango zakutchire, pali mitundu makumi anayi ya "Zephyranthes".
Ochepa mwa iwo amakula monga zikhalidwe zapachikhalidwe:
- ku maluwa oyera Mitunduyi ikuphatikizapo Zetafirantes Atamas, ikufalikira kumayambiriro kwa masika, ndi Zefirantes woyera (chipale chofewa), chomwe chimamera mu July ndipo chimatha mu October;
- kuchokera maluwa achikasu mitundu yolima pamudzi "Zefirantes" golidi. Maluwa amaonekera mu December kapena January;
- maluwa ofiira imayimiridwa ndi "Zephyranthes" yayikulu-yothamanga (yolimbitsa), ikufalikira kuyambira kumayambiriro mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn;
- wa mitundu iwiri Mitundu ya chidwi ndi Zephyranthes multicolored (multicolored habrantus), yomwe nthawi zambiri imamasula mu January.
Monga tikuonera, kuyambira kwa maluwa kumadalira mtundu wa mbewu. Kuyika pawindoli mitundu yambiri ya "Zephyranthes", mukhoza kuyamikira maluwa awo chaka chonse.
Kusamalira kwanu
"Zefirantes" samafuna chisamaliro chapadera panyumba, choncho adapezeka kutchuka pakati pa mafani a m'nyumba zapansi chifukwa cha kukongola kwake ndi kudzichepetsa.
Vuto lokhalo lalikulu kumusamalira iye ndilo Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maluwa ndi nthawi yayitali nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
Kwa iye n'zosatheka kupanga ndondomeko zoyenera pa zomwe zilipo, kuti mbewu iliyonse ikhale yoyenera mogwirizana ndi nyengo yake pachaka. Choncho, nkofunika kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza duwa "Upstart" ndi kusamalira kunyumba kwake.
Kuunikira
Zefirantesu Kuunikira bwino kwambiri n'kofunika, Choncho, ndi bwino kuyika kumbali ya kummwera kwa chipindacho, ndikupanga mthunzi wochuluka mu masiku otentha kwambiri. Komanso maofesi abwino akumadzulo ndi kummawa amayenera.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
"Zephyranthes" - ndi chomera chokonda kutentha, Pankhani imeneyi, pamene ili pa siteji ya kukula ndi maluwa, iyenera kusungidwa pa kutentha kwa madigiri makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri mphambu makumi asanu mphambu zisanu. Poyambira nthawi yopuma, ndi zofunika kuchepetsa madigiri khumi ndi awiri.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
"Zephyranthes", monga mbadwa ya nkhalango zam'madera otentha, nthawi zonse ziyenera kukhala mu nthaka yonyowa.
Ndi ichi musalole kulowerera, zomwe zimayambitsa mababu.
Choncho, pamwamba pazomwe dothi liyenera kukhala louma pakati pa kuthirira.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Ngati dothi lauma kwambiri, ndiye kuti mbewuyo idzapita nthawi yopumula, ndipo pambuyo pake madzi amchere adzatulukamo "hibernation". Izi zimaphwanya kukula kwake kwa chilengedwe ndipo zimakhudza chikhalidwe chake.
Pambuyo maluwa "Zephyranthes" imayamba kukonzekera nthawi yopuma, panthawi ino mukufunikira kuchepetsa kuthirira ndipo musazichepetseko kawiri kuposa mwezi.
Izi zimafunika kuti musagwe masamba onse, ngati nyengo yozizira ichitika mu malo ochizira pakakhala kutentha.
Kudyetsa "Zephyranthes" kumachitika kawiri pa mwezi kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza iliyonse yovuta. Iyenera kuyamba kumapeto kwa nthawi yonse yopuma ndikuimitsa kumapeto kwa maluwa.
Dothi ndi kubzala mphika
Pofika "Zephyranthes" nthaka yosalala, yotayirira komanso yathanzi imayenera. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugula gawo lonse la zomera. Ngati nthaka yosakaniza ikukonzekera padera, mukhoza kusakaniza mofanana ndi nkhuni, masamba, humus ndi mchenga wambiri.
Poto chifukwa "Zephyranthes" ayenera kusankha zochepa, koma zazikulu, kotero kuti mababu angapo amatha kulowa mmenemo, ndipo panali malo oti akule ndi kupanga ana.
Mababu atatu kapena asanu obzalidwa mu chidebe chimodzi, amapanga chokongoletsera chachikulu, makamaka pa maluwa. Ngati mukufuna chisankho chodzala kamodzi, ndiye kuti mphika wa mphikawo ukhale masentimita ochepa okha kuposa babu.
Kujambula ndi kudulira
Kuwaza "Zephyranthes" ziyenera kuchitika Posakhalitsa nthawi isanakwane.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukonzekera chidebe chabwino ndi mabowo pansi, malo osungirako madzi abwino ndi nthaka yosankhidwa bwino.
Mababu ayenera kuchotsedwa ku mphika wakale, kuyang'ana mizu ndi kuchotsa zowola, ngati iwo ali.
Ikani magawo ayenera kuwaza ndi mpweya wopangidwa ndi ufa.
Kusankha mababu akulu, muyenera kuwaika m'mtambo ndikusiya pamtambo. Choyamba Patatha masiku angapo mutatha kuziyika zomera simungathe kuthiridwe.
Zefirantes sizimafuna kukonza kopadera. Ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukula ndi maluwa kuti achotse masamba ofa ndi maluwa. Izi zidzathandiza kuteteza zomera zokongola kwambiri.
Kuswana
Kubalana "Zephyranthes", monga zomera zonse, njira yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito mababu (ana). Mukhozanso kuchita izi ndi mbewu.
Mbewu
Kukula "Zephyranthes" kuchokera ku mbewu ndi kotheka, koma chifukwa cha kulimbika kwa ndondomekoyi mu chipinda chosungiramo nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komanso, maluwa a zomera zotere ayenera dikirani zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Ngati chilakolako choyesera chiri chachikulu, ndiye mukhoza kuyesa. Kuti muchite izi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu zomwe zimapezeka popanda kupanga pollination.
Kufesa akufunika kutulutsa mwamsanga mutatha kucha kwa bokosi la zipatso komanso kusonkhanitsa zokolola, pamene chiwerengero cha kumera chimachepa mofulumira kwambiri.
Pofuna kubzala m'pofunika kutenga mbale yaikulu, yodzaza ndi madzi ndi nthaka, zomwe ziyenera kuyamwa bwino.
Mbewu imagawidwa pamwamba pa nthaka kutalika kwa masentimita awiri kapena atatu kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.
Kumakhala ndi zojambulajambula polyethylene ndi kuikidwa m'chipindacho ndi kuunikira bwino ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi madigiri makumi awiri ndi awiri.
Pogona amafunikira tenga mphindi khumi mpaka khumi ndi zisanu tsiku lililonse kupita kumunda ndi mbewu zobiriwira. Mphukira ayenera kuyembekezera mkati mwa mwezi, atatha kuwoneka, muyenera kuchotsa filimuyi. Musati mubzale mbande yaing'ono kwambiri, muyenera kuwapatsa mphamvu yabwino.
Mababu a ana (ana)
Njira yoswana zosavuta komanso zogwira mtima kuposa kale. M'chaka cha kukula, babu onse akhoza kupanga ana khumi ndi asanu. Choncho, panthawi yopatsa, ayenera kukhala osiyana kwambiri ndi chomera cha mayi ndikugwiritsira ntchito kubereka.
Mu mbale yokonzedwa anyezi asanu kapena khumi amabzalidwa, Zomwe zili zochepa kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi khosi lalifupi, zimayikidwa pansi, pomwe zikhale ndi khosi lalitali.
Dothi losanjikiza liyenera kusungunuka ndi botolo lopopera, ndipo osamwe madzi masiku angapo. M'tsogolomu, achinyamata "Zephyrantes" ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika.
Nthawi yopumula ndi kukula kwachangu
Nthawi yopumula pa "Zephyranthes" amabwera nthawi yosiyana Zimadalira maonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera.
Chifukwa chake, mosiyana ndi iye sikutheka kulankhula mwatchutchutchu za kusiya kasupe kapena kuchoka m'nyengo yozizira.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji maluwa am'mwamba pa nthawi yomwe mukukula ndi maluwa komanso nthawi zina?
Pambuyo pake kumaliza maphunziro maluwa pa "Zephyranthes" pali nthawi yamtendere.
Panthawiyi, ngati n'kotheka, nkofunika sungani m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri khumi ndi awiri komanso kuchepetsa kuthirira ngati mtengo wa overwinters uli ndi masamba. Ngati masamba akugwa kapena atadulidwa, maluwa a Zephyranthes akhoza kusungidwa m'firiji popanda kuthirira.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Kutentha kwa "Zephyranthes" m'nyengo yozizira sayenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri asanu, iyo ikhoza kupha imfa.
Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito malo osungirako mababu. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani mu mphika, wouma kwa masiku angapo, kuyeretsa, kuika mu chidebe choyenera ndi kutumizira kusungiramo m'chipinda chapansi kapena firiji.
Kumapeto kwa nthawi yayitali, chidebe ndi chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa m'chipinda chofunda ndi kuunikira kokwanira, kuthirira ndi kuthirira feteleza kumayambira nthawi zonse ndipo posachedwa kudzasangalala ndi maluwa ambiri.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi chisamaliro chosayenera "Zephyrantes" Zingasokonezeke ndi amaryllis yamatcheri, zamtsenga, akangaude ndi thrips. Chithandizo chikuchitika ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ngati Zephyranthes sizimafalikira, ndiyenera kuchita chiyani? Chifukwa chake chikhoza kukhala kutentha kwa mphepo komanso kuthirira mofulumira nthawi yochepa, kusayera bwino kapena kuvala kawirikawiri.
Kuchokera pazinthu zatchulidwazi, zikuwonekeratu kuti "Zephyranthes" sizomera chomera, ndipo ndi ndalama zochepa zosamalira, Zimayankha ndi maluwa okongola omwe angathe kukongoletsa malo okhalamo modzichepetsa kwambiri
