Ruellia (Dipteracanthus) kawirikawiri ndi zomera za herbaceous za acanthus.
Mitundu ina ya zachilengedwe (zozizira za ku America ndi Asia) zingawoneke ngati zitsamba kapena zitsamba.
Mpaka lero, pali pafupifupi mitundu mazana awiri ya zomera. Ena mwa iwo ndi ovuta kukula m'nyumba.
Kulongosola kwakukulu kwa zomera
Mtengo ndi wamtengo wapatali wa masamba ake okongola, owoneka bwino, omwe angathe kukhala amodzi ndi amodzi. Maluwa okongola a chomera amakhalanso okondweretsa: maluwa aliwonse amatha kuchoka m'mawa mpaka kumapeto kwa tsiku ndi kugwa, ndipo wina watsopano amalowa m'malo mwake. "Ruellia" maluwa kutalika kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira. Mitundu ina imatha kusamba pafupifupi chaka chonse.
Chithunzi
Chithunzicho chimasonyeza Liana "Ruellia" mosamala kunyumba:
Kusamalira kwanu
Muzolowera mkati, "Ruellia" akhoza kukula osati osati monga chomera chophika, komanso ngati chomera chamtengo wapatali, pogwiritsa ntchito miphika ndi madengu, kuphatikizapo pansicover, mwachitsanzo, m'munda wa chisanu. Maluwawo ndi odzichepetsa kwambiri, ndi kosavuta kufalitsa, choncho ndibwino kuti aberekane ngakhale alimi osadziwa zambiri.
Zotsatira zogula
Mutagula "Ruellia", tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyiike paokha kwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu.
Kuchita izi, zimayikidwa mu chipinda chokha popanda malo ena, ndikuyang'anira chikhalidwe chake.
Izi ndi zofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti maluwawo alibe kachilombo ka matenda ndi tizilombo toononga zomwe zingawononge maluwa onse omwe ali m'nyumba.
Zidzakupatsanso Ruelia mwayi woti achoke kupsinjika yomwe idapweteka panthawi yomwe ikupita. Pambuyo pake, imayenera kuikidwa mu gawo loyenera, monga likusungidwa m'masitolo poyendetsa dothi lomwe silingathe kupereka chomeracho ndi zakudya zoyenera kuti zikule bwino ndi maluwa.
Kuunikira
Kukonzekera kwa "Ruelia" chipinda chowala koma chosiyana chimafunika. Adzakhala omasuka kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo kwa chipinda.
Chikhoza kukhala kum'mwera, kupanga mdima wodalirika kuchokera ku dzuwa. Kuwonjezera apo, kuti mazira ake enieni amatha kuyambitsa zilonda zoopsa pammera, zimapangitsa kuti mabala ake azikongoletsedwa, ndipo zimakhala zosautsa zamkuwa.
Ngati Ruellia wakula pawindo la kumpoto, ayenera kuwonjezeranso kuwala kwina pogwiritsa ntchito nyali zapanyumba, masana ayenera kukhala maola khumi ndi limodzi m'nyengo yachilimwe komanso pafupifupi 9 koloko m'nyengo yozizira.
Apo ayi, chomera chimayamba mofulumira, maluwa amakhala ofooka ndi ochepa, ndipo sangabwere konse.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
M'chaka ndi chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kusunga Ruwell kutentha kwa madigiri makumi awiri ndi awiri mpaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu. Kugwa ndi nyengo yozizira, kumachepetsedwa kufika madigiri khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, koma sizitsitsa, chifukwa maluwa otsika maluwa amasiya kukula kwambiri, ndipo mu nthaka ya supercooled, mizu ingayambe kuvunda.
Kukula chomera kumafuna chinyezi, pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi atatu pa zana.
Kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya kumawathandiza kuonekera ndi kufalikira mofulumira kwa tizirombo pa zomera, komanso kupotoza, kuyanika ndi kutaya tsamba.
Kuti muwonjezere mlingo wa chinyezi, mutha kudzaza pepala ndi miyala yowonongeka kapena miyala, ikani makapu apamwamba a madzi pafupi ndi Ruelley kapena gwiritsani ntchito mpweya woyeretsa mpweya.
M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuchotsa mphika ndi chomera kuchoka ku zipangizo zotentha.
Ndikofunikira! Zotsutsana zimatsutsana ndi Ruellia, zimayambitsa kugwa kwa masamba m'munsi mwa tsinde.
Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka pakukula "Ruelly" pogwiritsa ntchito florariums, aquariums kapena green -uses.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Kuthirira "Ruellia" ayenera kukhala wokhazikika komanso wochuluka chaka chonse. Pakukula komanso panthawi ya maluwa, zomerazo zimadya chinyezi, choncho kuthirira kumakhala kosavuta kuposa maluwa.
Nthaka sichitha kukhala yowonongeka, imayenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, koma popanda madzi okwanira komanso madzi, omwe amachititsa kuti mizu iwonongeke.
Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa bwinobwino mkhalidwe wake ndi kuchepetsa ngati mukufunikira. Madzi okwanira ayenera kuthiridwa bwino, otentha komanso ofunda.
Nkhuku yambiri "Ruellia" imayamba kumapeto kwa masika ndikupita kumapeto kwa maluwa. Pachifukwa ichi, zopangidwa ndi feteleza zopangidwa ndi zovuta zonse kapena zopangidwa ndi mchere kwa zomera zokongola zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Nthaka ndi mphika
Ruellia sakufuna nthaka, koma kuti mupeze zomera zabwino ndi zobiriwira, mukufunikira kusamalira zakudya zokwanira m'nthaka.
Kuchokera kuzisakaniza zopangidwa ndi nthaka, mungathe kutenga malo onse omwe mumapezeka padziko lonse ndikuwonjezera pang'ono piritsiti.
Ngati gawolo likonzekera lokha, mukhoza kukonzekera mankhwala awa:
- Dothi lamasamba - magawo awiri, nthaka ya sod - magawo awiri, peat - gawo limodzi, miyala yaling'ono - gawo limodzi;
- Msuzi, mtedza, humus, peat, mchenga wambiri wofanana.
Ndikofunika kuti dothi likhale lotayirira komanso losavuta, kotero mukhoza kuwonjezera makala ophwanyika kapena makungwa a pine ku chisakanizo chomwe chimapezeka.
Musanabzala, muyenera kuwononga nthaka, chifukwa ichi mungagwiritse ntchito uvuni, microwave, kapena kuchepetsa madzi ndi madzi otentha kapena yankho la potassium permanganate.
Poyambirira, kwa achinyamata achinyamata amphika okwanira okhala ndi masentimita asanu ndi anayi. M'tsogolomu, ndi kusindikizidwa kulikonse, kwawonjezeka pang'ono.
Zomwe zili mkati mwa chidebecho zilibe kanthu kwa Ruelly, zikhoza kukhala zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi ceramic. Komanso, mphika ukhale wotsika, wofanana ndi mbale.
Kujambula ndi kudulira
Popeza "Ruwellia" imakula mofulumira ndikutha kukongola kwake koyambirira, alimi ambiri amaluwa samaphunzira kudulira ndi kuika, koma azule mbewu yatsopano. Ngati, komabe, pali chisankho chochokeramo chomera, ndiye ndibwino kuti mubweretsemo m'chaka.
Kuti muchite izi, poyamba mukuyenera kutchera zouma komanso motalika kwambiri.
Kenaka maluwawo amachotsedwamo mwapang'onopang'ono kuchokera mu chidebe popanda kuyeretsa mtengowo watsopano ndikuikidwa mu mphika watsopano, umene suyenera kukhala wawukulu kwambiri kusiyana ndi wakalewo.
"Ruellia" imamasula pang'onopang'ono.
Chomera choyenera chiyenera kusonkhetsedwa, kuikidwa pamalo osatha a kukula ndikuwatsogolera ku chisamaliro chokhazikika.
Kuswana
Mwamwayi, "Ruellia" ngati chomera chogulitsidwa ndizochepa kwambiri.
Mwachiwonekere, izi ndi chifukwa chakuti mwamsanga imataya kukongoletsa kwake ndipo imafuna kukonzanso nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa malonda ake. Choncho, alimi ambiri amalima "Ruelle" mwachindunji, pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings ndi mbewu.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Kutha kwa maluwa kumapeto kwa "Ruellia", mabokosi a zipatso ndi masamba angapo, omwe ali ndi mbewu, amapangidwa.
Zikapsa ndi zowuma, zimadulidwa mosamalitsa kuchokera ku chomeracho, chifukwa sashi ndizosavuta kutsegula ndi kufalitsa mbewuzo pozungulira.
Choncho, nthawi zambiri "Ruellia" amadziyimira yekha, osati mu mphika wake wokha, komanso mtsogolo.
Mukatha kusonkhanitsa mbewu muyenera kuzibzala pamtunda wosakaniza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo peat ndi mchenga wofanana. Amalowetsa pang'ono, ataphimbidwa ndi filimu ya polyethylene ndipo amaikidwa m'chipinda chozizira komanso chofunda.
Mbande zimaoneka mofulumira, koma mbande zingabzalidwe kokha ngati zili ndi masamba anayi.
Kubalana ndi cuttings
N'zotheka kufalitsa "Ruell" ndi cuttings chaka chonse.
Mphukira zamphamvu zimasankhidwa kuti zikhale ndi rooting, zidulidwe ndikuyika mu chotengera ndi madzi, zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono chophwanyidwa kuti chisawonongeke chodzala, komanso kukula kokonzetsa mizu.
Pambuyo pake, mizu ya cuttings ili yokwanira, muyenera kuziika m'miphika kuyambira zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zidutswa. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mupange mwamsanga chitsamba chokongola ndi maluwa okongola.
Chenjerani! Pamene mbande zifika kutalika, muyenera kuzitsina kuti muzitsatira nthambi.
Cuttings akhoza kukhazikika nthawi yomweyo mu chonyowa gawo lapansi. Amabzalidwa m'modzi mwa makapu ang'onoang'ono a pulasitiki, ophimbidwa ndi mitsuko ya galasi, yomwe imachotsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale wotsitsimula. Atapitako kukula ndikuyamba kupanga mapepala atsopano, mukhoza kuwabzala muzipangizo zingapo.
Zokwanira kuti ziwalekanitse ndi amayi omwe akukula ndi kuziika mu mphika wosiyana.
Gwiritsani ntchito, kuvulaza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito
Sayansi yatsimikiziridwa kuti "Ruellia" imathandiza kuti chiwonongeko cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chiyambike ndi staphylococcus. Komanso kudziko lakwawo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ochiritsa anthu. Pofuna kulandira matenda a makutu, madzi atsopano amachotsa tsabola.
Ngati muponyera masamba ochepa a zitsamba pamoto, utsi wochokera kwa iwo udzakuthandizani kuthetsa mutu. Mizu ya "Ruellia" imakhudza kwambiri. Koma, ngakhale kuti maluwawo ali ndi phindu lopindulitsa, ndipo zigawo zovulaza zomwe zimapangidwa panthawiyi sizululidwe, sikofunika kuti azidzipangira okha, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mavuto.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndibwino kuti, "Ruellia" sichimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tizirombo kapena matenda aliwonse.
Koma ngati zida zotsekera m'ndende zikuphwanyidwa, aphid, kangaude kapena whitefly akhoza kukhala mmenemo.
Mukapeza zizindikiro zoyamba za tizilombo, muyenera kusamba nthawi yomweyo ndi njira yothetsera banja kapena sopo wobiriwira, ndiyeno musamalirane ndi "Ruwell" ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ngati ndi kotheka, njirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa pambuyo pa sabata.
Matenda a chomera, Fusarium ndi owopsa, pomwe masambawo amatembenukira chikasu, kenako amatembenukira bulauni ndi mtundu, ndipo zimayambira ndi mizu kuvunda. Mankhwalawa amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonongeka.
Ngati "Ruelle" siili pachimake, ndiye kuti yakhazikitsa zinthu zolakwika. Kutentha kwa firimu kungakhale kotsika kwambiri kapena mpweya wouma.
Zingakhalenso chifukwa cha kuchepa kosavomerezeka ndi kuchepa kwa zakudya m'nthaka. Ndikofunika kuti mwaphunzire mosamala malamulo a chisamaliro cha chomera ichi ndi kubweretsanso ku chizolowezi.
Mosasamala kanthu za kukongola kwake, "Ruellia" si maluwa osamvetsetseka komanso okondweretsa omwe amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera, mosamala. Choncho, iwo omwe alibe nthawi yochuluka yokhala ndi zomera zapakhomo, komanso omwe alibe chidziwitso chokwanira nawo, akhoza kulangizidwa kuti ayambe kusonkhanitsa maluwa awo.
