Pali mitundu yambiri yamatcheri. Oyambirira komanso mochedwa, wodziyimira pawokha komanso amafunika pollinator, bushy komanso wamtali. Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mbewu yomwe ili yoyenera bwino mmundamu, ndikusangalala ndi zokolola zambiri chaka chilichonse? Wosamalira mundawo amadzifunsa funso ili. Ngati mukukhala ku Central Russia ndikulota zipatso za zipatso, ndiye kuti mitundu ya Kharitonovskaya ndi yanu.
Kufotokozera kosiyanasiyana Kharitonovskaya
Oweta zoweta zapakhomo amapeza mitundu yambiri yamatcheri oyenera kulimidwa mu nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazofunikira zogulitsa zatsopano ndikukana matenda a fungus. Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yomwe imathana ndi matenda monga moniliosis ndi coccomycosis. Kukaniza izi ndi matenda ena oyamba ndi fungus sikunachitike kuyambira poyambira.
Kharitonovskaya adapezeka chifukwa chodutsa mitundu Zhukovskaya ndi Daimondi. Chotsirizachi ndi cerapadus, kapena mbadwa ya hybrid wamba yamatcheri ndi chitumbuwa cha mbalame yaku Japan, chomwe sichimakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Katunduyu amathanso kufalitsa ma genetic, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pobereka pofuna kupeza mitundu yolimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Kharitonovskaya ali ndi korona woyambira. Kutalika kwa mbewu kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 3 mita. Kucha kwapakatikati. Masamba ndiwobiriwira, obiriwira ndi m'malire. Limaphuka kwambiri.
Cherry ali ndi mitundu itatu ya masamba: amodzi, gulu ndi gulu. Yoyamba ndi yachiwiri imayikidwa pazachuma zilizonse. Nthambi izi siziyenera kufupikitsidwa ngati sizikula zoposa masentimita 50 pa nyengo yake. Masamba a Bunchy amapezeka pamtengo. Zipatsozo ndizazikulu (mpaka 5 gr.), Kukoma kwabwino kwambiri. Mwala ndi petiole zimasiyanitsidwa bwino.
Zipatso zake ndi zazikulu, zabwino.
Ayamba kubala zipatso mchaka chachitatu mutabzala. Zipatso amadyedwa mwatsopano kapena kukonzekera yozizira. Sonyamulidwa bwino, choncho ndi bwino kuwagwiritsa ntchito m'malo mwake.
Zosiyanasiyana ndizosazindikira, zopanda chilala komanso zosakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Zosakhazikika-yozizira. Kuti zitheke bwino Kharitonovskaya amafunika pollinator. Mwa izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ngati Lyubskaya, Zhukovskaya, Vladimirskaya. Mwakutero, zokolola zidzakhala zochuluka chaka chilichonse.
Kubzala mbande za chitumbuwa
Potsika, muyenera kusankha malo oyenera. Cherry amakonda malo amadzuwa, otetezedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu. Mbali yakum'mwera ya kapangidwe kake, kapena pa mpanda ndizoyenera kwambiri. Imakhala yotsika dothi, koma imakula bwino pamadothi otayirira, okonzedwa bwino. Madzi okwera pansi adzagwetsa matumbu. Poterepa, mutha kuwoka paphiri. Pa dothi lokhazikika, laimu, choko kapena ufa wa dolomite ayenera kuwonjezeredwa miyezi 1.5-2 asanabzalidwe.
Nthawi yabwino yodzala yamatcheri - kasupe kapena yophukira? Ngati mukukhala kum'mwera zigawo, ndiye pankhaniyi ndikofunikira kuchita izi koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira, mu Seputembala kapena theka loyamba la Okutobala. Zomera sizivutika ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe ndipo zimazika mizu bwino. M'madera ena onse, kubzala masika ndikofunika kwambiri mu Epulo komanso koyambirira kwa Meyi. Pazaka zambiri, mbande zimatha kuzika mizu bwino, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira sizowopsa kwa iwo.
Mukabzala, onetsetsani kuti agwirizane ndi mbeu. Mukakonzekera munda watsopano, izi ndizosavuta kuchita. Koma ngati mukuwonjezera mitundu yatsopano pazomwe mudabzala kale, ndiye kuti muyenera kusankha malo mosamala. Omwe abwino okhala ndi yamatcheri ndi plums, chitumbu cha plums kapena yamatcheri. Khwangwala yemwe amakula pafupi naye sadzakhalanso cholepheretsa iye. Koma apulo ndi peyala zimalepheretsa kukula kwamatcheri. Kuyandikana kwa mtedza, ochepa amalola. Ndipo ma cherries amapezekanso. Nayo, iyenso amatha kupondereza raspberries, currants ndi mabulosi ena. Masamba ndi zipatso (tsabola, sitiroberi, tomato) siziyenera kubzalidwa pansi pa zipatso. Izi zimatha kudzetsa matenda monga chotupa cha mtima, chomwe chimalowetsa nkhuni ndikupangitsa kuti ma cherries aphedwe.
Pakubzala, timakumba dzenje pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi mainchesi 50-60. Ngati dothi ndi dongo, ndiye kuti tikuwonjezera kuya ndi 30-30 cm kuzungulira kwa chida. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njerwa yosweka kapena zinyalala, zokutidwa ndi mchenga. Pambuyo pake, nthaka ya dimba, humus kapena kompositi ndi michere ya phosphorous-potaziyamu imayambitsidwa mu dzenje (malinga ndi malangizo).
Kumbani dzenje la saizi yoyenera
Mukamasankha mmera wokhala ndi mizu yotseguka, yang'anani malo a mizu. Sayenera kukhala wopanikizika kapena wosweka. Ndibwino ngati chomera cha zaka ziwiri zokhala ndi mizu yophuka. Wonse muzu ndi kumtenganiza mbande amagulitsidwa. Zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa wachiwiri. Gulani mbande kwa ogulitsa odalirika. Kenako mudzatsimikiza kuti mitunduyi ikukula patsamba lanu.
Mizu yake imakhala yolimba komanso yopanga bwino.
Chithandizo chimayikidwa mu dzenje pomwe mmera umangidwa. Izi zimamupangitsa kuti akhalebe wolimba mpaka atazika mizu. Mizu ya mmera imafesedwa mosamala ndikuwaza ndi dothi.
Mizu inafalikira bwino
Kenako amadzaza ndi lapansi, yaying'ono ndikutsanulira ndowa 2-3 za madzi pabowo. Khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala pansi. Mukathirira, chitsime chimaphikidwa ndipo chomera chimangirizidwa.
Kusamalira mbewu
Palibe zovuta kusamalira zipatso zamtengo wapatali kuposa mtengo wina uliwonse. Uku ndikuthirira, kudulira, kukonza kuchokera ku tizirombo (ngati kuli kotheka), kukolola ndi kukonzekera dzinja.
Kuthirira
Kharitonovskaya yamatchuke mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chilala. Imalekerera kuperewera bwino kuposa chinyezi chowonjezera. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, mmera umathiriridwa madzi akauma pamwamba. Bowo litadzaza, kenako ngakhale nyengo yotentha imakhala yokwanira milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Ngati mvula idagwa, ndiye kuti kuthilira ngati pakufunika. Mutha kuyang'ana chinyezi pakuya kwa masentimita 10-15. Ngati dothi lili louma, ndiye kuti kuthirira ndikofunikira.
Kutsirira kumayenera kukhala kochulukirapo, koma osati kangapo
Mitengo yachikulire, ngati nyengo yotentha ndi yotentha, imathiriridwa madzi musanayambe maluwa, mutakolola komanso mochedwa kumapeto, pokonzekera dzinja. Mulingo wothirira pafupifupi malita 20-30 pa mita imodzi.
Kudulira
M'chaka chachiwiri, kupanga korona kumayamba. Siyani mphukira zamphamvu za 3-4, ndipo zina zonse zimachotsedwa. Palibe chifukwa chofupikitsa. Izi zimabweretsa kukhala ndi nthambi yolimba ndipo, monga chotulukapo chake, kukulira korona. Kuti muchulukane bwino ndikofunikira kuti mphukira zonse zilandira kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa.
Chapakatikati, kutupira kwa impso, kutentha, nthambi zowuma ndi zosweka zichotsedwe, ndipo nthambi zikutsika.
Nthambi zokulira ndi kumera
Feteleza ndi ntchito zina
Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pa nyengo. Mu nthawi yamasika, dothi silimasulidwa kwambiri (10-15 cm) kuti lisawononge mizu. Nthawi yomweyo, humus kapena kompositi zimapangidwa pa chidebe chimodzi pa mita imodzi ya dera. Kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa kapena mbalame zatsopano ndikosavomerezeka. Izi zingayambitse kutentha kwa mizu. Mukugwa, pokonzekera nyengo yozizira, feteleza wa phosphate-potaziyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito (malinga ndi malangizo).
M'nyengo yozizira, mbewuyo sikophimbidwa, kupatula mbande za chaka choyamba zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yabwino. Ili ndi Hard Hard Hard Hardness ndipo safuna zowonjezera kutulutsa. Mu nthawi yophukira, muyenera kuphimba mitengo ikuluikulu. Izi zimachitika kuti chomeracho sichilandira kutentha kwa makungwa.
Kutsekerera m'dzinja kudzateteza makungwa ku dzuwa
Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti sikulimbikitsidwa kuyeretsa mizu yaing'ono (mpaka 4-5 zaka), imakhudza kukula kwa khungwa. Kuti muwatetezere ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa, mutha kukulunga mitengo ikuluikulu ndi burlap kapena zidutswa za spunboard yoyera kumapeto kwa Novembala. M'madera ena, kubzala kumatha kuwononga ma tawi, ndikukulitsa makungwa. Kuteteza motsutsana nawo, gululi imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Gululi adzapulumutsa kuchokera kwa ma hares
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Tizilombo titha kuchepetsa kwambiri zokolola. Kuti muthane nawo bwino, choyambirira, samalani ndi momwe dimba lanu lilili. Korona wofinyidwa, namsongole wambiri, osatuta masamba obisika panthawi yake kukhala nyumba ya tizirombo.
Maonekedwe a nsabwe za m'masamba Pamtengo zimadziwika kwambiri mwachangu. Kumapeto kwa mphukira, masamba ayamba kupindika, mutha kuwona tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pamasamba ndi mphukira zobiriwira. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha nyerere m'mundamu chimathandizira kuti akakhalenso m'malo. Pofuna kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha ana oyamwa. Mwachitsanzo: Aktara (malinga ndi malangizo).
Aphid ndi kachilombo kakang'ono komwe kamayambitsa mavuto akulu.
Kuuluka kwa Cherry ikhoza kukubera mbewu. Imayikira mazira nthawi yamaluwa, ndipo mphutsi zake zimawononga zipatsozo.
Cherry ntchentche
Kuti muthane ndi izi, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala monga Fitoverm kapena Agravertin (malinga ndi malangizo).
Tizilombo tina tomwe timavulaza mitengo chiwombankhanga. Akuluakulu amagunda nkhuni, ndipo kuchokera ku mphutsi, zofanana ndi leeches, amadya masamba.
Kuchokera pa tsamba limakhalabe mgwirizano wamitsempha
Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa chimagwira kwambiri matenda, koma ngati nyengo yotentha ndi yanyontho ikakhazikitsidwa, ndiye kuti chiwonetsero cha matenda oyamba ndi fungal ndizotheka.
Zitha kukhala ufa wowuma. Pankhaniyi, zokutira yoyera ikuwonekera pamtundu wachichepere. Popita nthawi, nthambi zapafupi zimakhudzidwa. Kuti muthane ndi izi, mphukira yomwe ili ndi kachilombo imachotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa, ndipo chomera chimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala monga Topaz kapena Fitosporin (malinga ndi malangizo).
Ngati mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba, ndiye kuti izi zitha cococycosis. Zomera zosakhazikitsidwa munthawi yake zimasanduka malo achonde kuti pakhale matenda osiyanasiyana a fungus.
Matendawa akagwidwa, masamba ake amasintha chikaso ndikugwa
Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, mphukira ndi masamba omwe agwa amachotsedwa ndikuwotcha. Chomera chimapoperedwa ndi Polychom, Ridomil kapena Fitosporin kukonzekera (malinga ndi malangizo). Pamafunika magawo atatu a mankhwala a 3-4 ndi gawo la masiku 10-14.
Pa matenda moniliosis Mphukira zouma ziwoneka pamtengowo, ndipo zipatsozo zimakutidwa ndi zolembedwa ndikuthira.
Zitha kuwononga mbewu yonse
Zizindikiro zoyambirira zikaonekera, muyenera kudula mphukira zonsezo ndi kuzitentha. Spungal spores imatha kukhalapobe nthawi yayitali pansi ndikubzala zinyalala zomwe sizichotsedwa munthawi yake. Kuti athane ndi izi, amagwiritsa ntchito fungicides iliyonse (malinga ndi malangizo), kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo osati mtengo, komanso dothi lozungulira thunthu.
Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka panthambi ndi thunthu la kuchuluka kwa utomoni. Kuzindikira kwa ma Gum ndi choteteza mmera kuti chitha kuwononga makungwa.
Ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti pali kuwonongeka kwa kotekisi.
Ming'alu imatha kuwonekera nthawi yozizira kuchokera ku chisanu ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa. Kapena kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo. Palibe chifukwa chodikirira kuti vutolo lithe. Popanda chithandizo, mtengo ungafe. Lambulani zotumphukira pamodzi ndi khungwa lomwe limachoka kuti likhale ndi thanzi labwino. Chilondacho chimathandizidwa ndi madzi a Bordeaux ndikuphimbidwa ndi var vars. Koma ngati malo omwe akukhudzidwawo ndi akulu, ndiye kuti kuvala phula kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndemanga Zapamwamba
Ma cherries angapo amalima m'munda wathu, tsopano onse ali ndi zipatso. Mosiyana ndi zitsamba zina zamabulosi, mitengo yonse imabala zipatso. Mitengo ya Cherry ndi yayikulu kwambiri, ina, ndi makwerero kuti mutengere ndizotheka, yankho labwino lidzatsekedwa kwa anansi mdziko lino. Kucha zipatso zamtchire zimakhala zakuda.
Alice2012 Yekaterinburg
//otzovik.com/reviews/sadovoe_derevo_vishnya_chudo
Chitumbuwachi chimakhalanso chabwino chifukwa sichimatengedwa ndi matenda kapena chisanu 20 digiri. Koma ndibwino kuphimba mbande zazing'ono ndi kofinya wamafuta, komwe kamayambira kumutu kumutu.
Alex245002 Rostov-on-Don
//otzovik.com/review_4857856.html
Tili ndi mitengo yambiri yamatcheri omwe akhwima chaka chino. Zosiyanasiyana za Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa ndizozikoma kwambiri zomwe ndidadya. Ndizachikulu, zabuluu, zakuda komanso zowoneka bwino.
Iruna
//irecommend.ru/content
Mtunda wa zipatso umatha kukula ndi kusangalala ndi zipatso zabwino kwazaka zambiri. Kusamalira moyenera komanso kukonda mbewu kudzakuthandizani kuti mukolole zochuluka. Ndipo nthawi yamadzulo nthawi yachisanu, tiyi wokhala ndi zonunkhira zabwino za Cherimu amakumbutsirani chilimwe.
