Iglitsa (Ruscus) - chomera chosatha chofikira ku banja la Asparagus kapena Liliaceae.
Pali mitundu 7, yomwe ndi yaikulu kwambiri imene imakula ku UK, Mediterranean, Caucasus ndi Crimea.
Zina mwa izo Mitundu 3 ndizojambula komanso ali otetezedwa.
Kunyumba, Ruscus sichimayambitsa mavuto ambiri. M'miyezi ya chilimwe, miphika ya zomera ikhoza kuikidwa pa khonde kapena m'munda.
Kulongosola kwa chomera cha nyumba
Masamba ndi nthambi za iglitsa ali ndi makonzedwe okondweretsa kwambiri. Masamba afupika ndipo pafupifupi imperceptible, popeza ali mafilimu ang'onoang'ono. Photosynthesis ikugwira ntchito chitani Tizilombo totchedwa phylloclade ndi mphukira zonyezimira, zofanana ndi masamba omwe akuoneka. Zimakula mpaka 2 cm m'litali.
Inflorescences amawonekera pa phylloclades, yokhala ndi timitengo tating'ono. Pamalo awo kucha kucha zipatso. Kawirikawiri amakhala ndi mtundu wofiira kapena lalanje. Nthawi nthawi yaitali Pa chomera onse maluwa ndi zipatso.
Iglitsa amatanthauza zomera za dioecious. Pa shrub palinso maluwa osakwatirana omwe ali ndi mungu kapena mame. Madontho akuthamanga amachotsa mungu kuchokera ku maluwa mpaka kuzimayi.
Zipatso za Ruscus ndi zakudya komanso mphukira zazing'ono. Mbewu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera khofi mmalo. Komanso, mbali zonse za zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala am'malamulo. Mitundu ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya chamtundu. Ku England, ma brooms anapangidwa kuchokera ku Ruscus.
Posachedwapa, chiwerengero cha zomera zomwe zimamera kuthengo chachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Bukhu lofiira linalembedwa mitundu 3: Colchis (R. Colchicus), Zigawo zapakati (R. Hypoglossum) ndi Hyrcanus (R. Hyrcanus).Chifukwa cha ichi, iglitsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wamaluwa, ndipo amakula ngati chomera chophimba pakhomo.
Mawonekedwe ndi Zithunzi
Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imakonda kwambiri.
Colchis
Chomeracho chimafika kutalika kwa 45-55 masentimita. Chimayambira chimayambira ndi zazikulu zowonjezereka za phylloclades, zomwe zimalongosola pang'ono. Zitsimezo zili moyang'anizana, ndipo zam'mwambazi ndizosiyana.
Inflorescences amapezeka pamunsi mwa phylloclades. Zipatso zimapsa kwambiri, pafupifupi 10 mm m'mimba mwake, zofiira. Mkati muli mbewu ziwiri. Inflorescences imafalikira m'miyezi yoyambilira ndi yozizira. Pamapeto a masika zipatso za Colchis zimapsa zipse.
Mitengo ya nkhalango ndi yotentha imamera kuthengo, komanso pamapiri. Amakonda dongo kapena loamy, nthaka yosungunuka bwino. Zimafalikira ndi magawo kapena chigawo cha rhizome. Colchis Iglitsa watchulidwa mu Bukhu Loyera. Pansi pa chithunzi chikuwonetsa "Kolkids iglitz":
Pontic (prickly, prickly)
Mitundu ya zomerazi imakula kuyambira 60 cm mpaka 1 mamita. Iyo imakhala yoyambira ndi leathery, lanceolate, phylloclades yochepa kwambiri. Maluwa aang'ono amayamba kuchokera mu February mpaka April. Zipatso, m'mimba mwake wa 8-10 mm, zipse mu December.
Chilengedwe - mkungudza ndi nkhalango zamphesa, miyala. Mavuto a nthaka sakhala ovuta kwambiri. The prickly iglitz imafalikira ndi njira zamasamba, komanso ndi mbewu.
Mitundu imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala. Mavitamini ndi decoctions amatha kusakwanira venous, mitsempha ya varicose, atherosclerosis, nyamakazi, nyamakazi ya mphumu. Pontus (prickly, prickly) iglitz ikuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi pansipa:
Zilalizo
Mtengo wosasunthika wa Ruskus umakula mpaka masentimita 40. Umakhala ndi phesi loongoka ndi zikopa za lanceolate phylloclades. M'kupita kwa nthawi, amafika pa 5-7 masentimita. Mu May, 3-5 maluwa amaphuka pa phylloclade iliyonse. Zipatso zimakhazikitsidwa pamalo awo, pofika mwezi wa December zimakhala zofiira kwambiri.
Amakula m'mayiko a Central Europe, Mediterranean ndi Asia Minor. Amakonda nthaka yaiwisi ya nkhalango kapena miyala.
Iglitsa sudzabweretsa mavuto ochulukirapo, komabe ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo ena. Mu chithunzi pansipa mukhoza kuona momwe "Hyplycea" ikuwonekera:
Kusamalira kwanu
Kusamala mutagula
Pambuyo pokhala Ruscus mu mphika ndi kubereka kunyumba, iye amapatsidwa chisamaliro chabwino.
Choyamba, muyenera kusankha malo abwino oti mukhale ndi chikhalitso chosatha. Ngati kugula kwa zitsamba kunagwa m'miyezi ya chilimwe, ndi bwino kutenga mphika ku khonde kapena kumunda.
Malowa ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa.
Kusamala kumayenera kulipidwa kwa chinyezi cha nthaka. Ngati ndi kotheka, patapita masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri (10-14) mukhoza kuikidwa mu mphika watsopano.
Kudulira
Ndikofunika kupanga kudula monga mukufunira.
Mphuno ya potty ndi yowongoka komanso yoyera. Kuthamangitsidwa koyenera kuyenera kuumitsidwa mphukira.
Masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zokongoletsera bouquets.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI!Kudulira nthambi sizingathetsedwe. Mu chaka simungathe kudula zomera zosapitirira 30%.
Nthambi zowonongeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa zamasamba.
Kuthirira
M'miyezi ya chilimwe, nthawi ya kukula kwakukulu, kuthirira kumachitika katatu pa sabata.
M'nyengo yozizira ndiyenela kudula mpaka 1-2 nthawi.
M'phika nthaka iyenera kukhala yochepa.
Mbali yobiriwira ya shrub nthawi ndi nthawi imapopedwa ndi madzi olekanitsidwa.
Izi sizidzangosamba pfumbi, koma zimathandizanso kuti phulusa liwonongeke.
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndiko kupewa maonekedwe a tizirombo.
Tikufika
Kwa kubzala, mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala okonzedwa kale omwe amathira mandimu. Pamene mukuphika pa chiŵerengero cha 2: 1: 1: 1 chimakanikirana:
- dziko la sod
- peat,
- humus,
- mchenga
Mu thanki chifukwa chodzala ayenera kukhala mabowo a ngalande. Popeza shrub sakonda Mphuno yamadzi, pansi ndikutsekedwa ndi dothi lokongola la dothi lopukuta kapena njerwa zofiira.
Kuwaza
Ruscus Sakusowa kuwonjezeka pachaka, pokhapokha ngati kuli kotheka.
Kupereka mawonekedwe apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito movutikira mosiyanasiyana zilipo. Mwachitsanzo
Kuyika kumachotsa nthambi zonse zouma. Njira yowunikira, ngati pakufunika kufunika, iyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa miyezi yapakatikati.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba
Njira yoberekera ndi imodzi mwa zovuta kwambiri. Mbewu za kubzala ziyenera kukhala zatsopano. Musanabzala mbewu zimalowetsedwa ndikuyikidwapo Masiku asanu ndi awiri mufiriji. Mu bokosi la mzere ndi wosanjikiza wa 5-8 masentimita anatsanulira nthaka gawo lapansi. Pansi pansi zidutswa Mbeu ndizazaza mchenga, ndi wosanjikizana kuposa 1 masentimita. Ikani magalasi m'bokosi kapena muphimbe ndi filimu ndikuonetsetsa kutentha kwa madigiri 19-21.
Nthawi ndi nthawi kupopera mbewu ndi kuwomba kwa mbewu zomwe anabzala. Mbewu zimamera pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zina zimatenga miyezi 10-12. Zomerazo zikamera pamtunda wa 6-8 masentimita, amayenera kulowa m'miphika yosiyana.
Kuswana
Njira yabwino kwambiri yobereka - chigawenga.
Njirayi ikuchitika kumapeto. Amakhala akuluakulu, zitsamba zopitirira.
Pamene mukugawaniza rhizome, muyenera kudziwa kuti kuchokera pa gawo lirilonse lokhazikitsidwa liyenera chokani zobiriwira.
Kutentha
Ruscus ndi zabwino ikukula kutentha kutentha. M'miyezi ya chilimwe, ndibwino kuti abweretse mpweya wabwino, mwachitsanzo, m'munda kapena pa loggia. Zimathandizanso kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa madigiri 13. Pali mitundu yozizira yomwe imayenera kulima minda, komanso loggias ndi mabanki.
Kuunikira
Iglitsa chikondi kuwala komwe kumapangidwanso kumakula bwino mumthunzi. N'zosatheka kuchoka ku shrub pansi pa dzuwa, tizilombo tating'onoting'onoting'ono tingathenso kuzunzika nawo. Malo opindulitsa kwambiri pa mawindo akuyang'ana kum'maŵa kapena kumadzulo.
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Mbali zonse za iglitsa zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala, kuphatikizapo anthu. Kukonzekera tinctures ndi decoctions ndi zotsutsa-zotupa katundu. Ankachiza matenda a nyamakazi, arthrosis, kupweteka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya. Komanso, tincture ya iglitsy imagwiritsira ntchito kulimbikitsa makoma a mitsempha, kuteteza mapangidwe a magazi.
ZOCHITIKA! Mosamala, mankhwala oyenera pamaziko ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa amayi apakati ndi anthu omwe akudwala kwambiri.Musanagwiritse ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ruscus - olimba shrub ndipo kawirikawiri amawonekera ku matenda. Kawirikawiri chifukwa cha matenda a zomera chimakhala chisamaliro chosayenera. Madzi nthaka ikhoza kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu ya mfuti, ndi chinyezi chokwanira - kuuma.
Mmodzi mwa tizirombo kwambiri ngozi chifukwa zomera zimayimira scythe ndi kangaude. Kuchotsa iwo, chomera chonsecho chimachiritsidwa ndi yankho la tizilombo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zogwirizana ndi malangizo ndi malamulo otetezeka.
Iglitsa - chomera chokongola kwambiri komanso chosowa kwambiri. Mitundu ina imatchulidwa mu Bukhu Loyera. Chifukwa chake, eni zomera samangosangalala ndi kukongola, komanso amapewa kutaya kwathunthu.
