Cacti ndi zokongola. Izi ndi zomera zomwe zingathe kukhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yaitali chikhalidwe cha chilala. Amamwa madzi pamvula, amaikamo m'matumbo awo ndipo amakhalabe m'nyengo youma.
Mukudziwa? Poyamba, singano za singwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala. Iwo anasoka mabala. Anawotcherera iwo pa makala amoto.Cacti ndizofala m'nyumba ya floriculture. Iwo ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo ali odzichepetsa kwathunthu ku zikhalidwe zomangidwa. Ambiri amaoneka bwino kwambiri. Mitundu ina, maluwa amawoneka mosavuta komanso kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, choncho maluwa awo amachitidwa kuti ndi chinthu chosazolowereka.
Ndibwino kuti zomera zathanzi zikondweretse diso, koma ngati nthendayi ifa ndipo simukudziwa choti muchite, choyamba muyenera kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Mwachitsanzo, mawanga oyera amaonekera pa khungu - ndi chiyani? Popeza cacti, monga zomera zina zapakhomo, zimakhala ndi tizirombo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayenera kulamuliridwa, tiyang'anitsitsa zomwe tizilombo ta tizilombo timayambitsa komanso momwe tingazigwiritsire ntchito.
Nkhumba
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa tikhoza kutuluka ku tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, choncho zimakhala zovuta kuti tisawonongeke ngati muli ndi maluwa ambiri. Chilengedwe chachonde cha kuphulika ndi chitukuko cha kangaude ndi kang'onoting'ono ndi kutentha kwa mpweya.
Kangaude mite amavulaza epidermis ndikuyamwitsa madzi kuchokera ku chomeracho. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi ofunika kwambiri - osapitirira kotala la mamitamita. Nkhumba zimayenda pang'onopang'ono, koma zichuluke mofulumira. Zizindikiro za maonekedwe awo ndi mawanga ofiira omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa chomeracho.
Anthu a tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa akutchedwa "kangaude wofiira", koma si dzina lenileni, chifukwa ndi nkhupakupa, osati kangaude, ndipo akazi okha ndi ofiira, amuna ndi ofiira kapena imvi.
Amakhala pamwamba pa chomera chonsecho, ndipo mawanga amadziwika ndi mawanga achikasu.
Khungu la nyamakazi, lomwe linawonongeka ndi kangaude, silidzachira.
Tizilombo timene timakonda mitundu yambiri, monga ekhinopisty, chidzudzulo, chametserus, silvestri. Mitikiti ingapezeke pa iwo nthawi zambiri kusiyana ndi mitundu yonse ya cacti.
Ndikofunikira! Mitikiti imapezeka ponseponse, ndipo ngati imawoneka pamtunda umodzi, idzawonekera pazomera zina. Pofuna kuteteza kachipata kamene sikhala ndi kachilombo ka kangaude, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala chodziwika.Mukapeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa cacti, pali njira zingapo zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito:
- "kangaude wofiira" amaopa madzi, kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse kumateteza mawonekedwe ake;
- spray ndi kupukuta chomera ndi mowa, sopo, adyo tincture;
- Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa ndi karbofos 0.06% 2-3 pa masiku asanu ndi limodzi;
- Kusakaniza ndi madzi osakaniza 1, madzi okwanira 3 g wa mowa wambiri, 4 g wa sopo wobiriwira ndi 2 g wa anabazine sulphate, pogwiritsira ntchito burashi, mafuta amtundu wa cactus; Bwerezani ndondomeko pambuyo pa masiku atatu kwa masabata atatu;
- spray decoction ya cyclamen tubers: 100 g ya tubers pa madzi okwanira 1 litre, wiritsani mpaka tubers atasungunuka, kenako kupsyinjika, kuzizira ndikugwiritsanso ntchito malo okhudzidwa a zomera, kubwereza ndondomeko pambuyo pa masiku asanu ndi limodzi;
- spray ndi osakaniza madzi okwanira 1, 4 g wa sopo wobiriwira, 5 g wa ku Persian chamomile infusion, tsiku lotsatira kupopera mbewu, sambani chomeracho ndi madzi ofunda.
Njira yabwino kwambiri cacti mankhwala Kuchokera ku kangaude kumatengedwa mankhwala ndi ether sulphonate yankho (1 g pa 1 l madzi). Chidachi chimapha osati tizilombo tokha komanso mphutsi zawo, komanso mazira a mite.Ndikofunika kulimbana ndi tizilombo tisanawonongedwe kwathunthu. Kuteteza kuoneka kwa nkhupakupa do prophylaxis: spray the cactus ndi ether sulphant kamodzi pa miyezi itatu iliyonse.
Masiku ano, mankhwala omwe amadziwika kwambiri polimbana ndi "kangaude wofiira" ndi sunmite ndi nonaron. Ngati muli ndi nkhuku yakhudzidwa ndi zomera zambiri, yang'anani zotsatira za mankhwala atsopano pa cactus imodzi. Tsatirani malangizo mosamala kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.
Mealybugs
Ngati muli ndi kutayika koyera pamtambo wanu, ndiye kuti, mwinamwake, izi ndiwonetsedwe kofunika kwambiri. mealybug
Lili ndi mayina angapo: shaggy aphid. Tizilombo timene timakhala mumapangidwe a tsinde kapena timphepete. Zotsatira za kukhala kwake - izi ndi zobisika zoyera, zomwe mkazi wa nyongolotsi amaika mazira. Kawirikawiri ziphuphu izi zimapezeka m'malo omwe madzi samagwa.
Chinthu chovuta kwambiri ndicho kupeza nyongolotsi ya cacti yomwe ili ndi misozi yoyera kapena tsitsi loyera. Mealybugs ali ndi usinkhu wa 5-7 mm ndi kuvala yoyera pa thupi. Amakhazikika pa zonse za cacti zomwe zili m'thumba lanu.
Kulimbana ndi tizilombo tingathe kukhala m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo asonkhanitse iwo ndi dzanja ndi swaboni ya thonje poyamba ankawombera wofooka mowa yankho - ¼. Koma njira iyi ndi yabwino yokha zomera zomwe zowonongeka.
Ngati pali tchizi zambiri, mukhoza kutsuka ndi madzi amphamvu. Ikani payipi ya mphira pa pompu, ndipo yesani kumapeto kwaulere ndi chala chanu kuti mupange ndege yamphamvu ndikuiwongolera ku chiphalala. Kuwonjezera mphamvu ya chithandizo, onjezerani madzi detergent m'madzi.
Ndibwino kuti muzichiza chomeracho ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukuyang'ana mizu ya chiphalaphala, pakhoza kukhala mzuzi mphutsi.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati cacti akudwala, musafulumire kuwawononga. Ndi mankhwala oyenera, ndizotheka kupereka mankhwala abwino pafupifupi pafupifupi matenda onse.
Rootworms
Awa ndi achibale apansi a mbola, yomwe imakhala pa mizu. Malo abwino oti aberekane ndi nthaka youma. Rootbird imafooketsa mizu ya chomera ndikupanga malo abwino kwa maonekedwe a zowola.
Ngati pali tizirombo tambirimbiri, zimatha kutuluka panthaka ndikupita ku zomera zabwino. Nthawi zambiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapezeka m'nyengo yozizira. Woyamba, ndipo nthawizina yekha, adadabwa ndi ekhinopisy.
Zotsatira zoletsa ndi zowononga tizilombo: Gwiritsani kachipu mu mphika kuti musadzawononge chipinda chadothi. Ngati mumapeza zitsamba zofiirira pakati pa zikuluzikulu zazikulu, yeretsani mizu yawo ndikusamba ndi madzi sosa. Pambuyo pake, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa, kenaka muume.
Zidzatheka kudzala chomera m'nthaka pambuyo pa masabata angapo. Ndibwino kusambitsanso mizu: madzi madzi ambirimbiri, mudzaze madzi pa 40 ° C. Bweretsani kutentha kwa 55 ° C, kutsanulira pang'onopang'ono madzi otentha, ndi kusunga mizu kwa mphindi 15. Ndiye pang'onopang'ono uzizizira madzi mpaka 25 ° C, kuchepetsa ndi kuzizira. Timayika dzuwa titatha masiku 14.
Ngati patapita milungu iwiri tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sichikupezeka, ndiye kuti tikhoza kuganiza kuti mwawagonjetsa. Ngati kuwonongeka kuli kolimba, ndi bwino kuchotsa mizu, yambani mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala.
Kwa prophylaxis m'nyengo ya chilimwe, madzi ndi nthaka imene amamera amamera ndi madzi asopo ndi mankhwala owopsa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti nthaka ikhale yodzazidwa. Bwerezani ndondomekoyi isanakwane.
Mizu ya mizu
Nematodes - Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa tizirombo zoopsa kwambiri za cacti. Tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa maluwa kumera - kukula kapena makoswe pamidzi. Malo okongola kwa tizirombozi - chinyezi chambiri.
Muzu nematode umakhudza mizu chifukwa cha zobisika zochokera ku glands. Mizu yokhudzidwa imatha, koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo timakhala pansi ndikugawa kwawo kukupitirirabe. Mitundu ina ya nematode imapanga mazira omwe amawononga mizu.
Mtundu wina wa mizu nematode - ufulu wamoyo. Sagwirizanitsa ku mizu, koma nthawi zonse amayenda, kuchulukana mofulumira kwambiri. Zimayenda mosiyana ndi maulendo aifupi, komanso pamtunda wautali kudutsa mu nthaka, kumera miphika kapena zipangizo.
Ngati nematodes ali m'mavuto osavomerezeka pa chitukuko ndi kubalana, ndiye kuti amapita ku gawo la mpumulo ndipo akhoza kukhalamo kwa zaka zingapo, kuti akhalenso ogwira ntchito moyenera.
Kodi mungachiritse bwanji cactus kuchokera ku nematodes? Zogwira mtima njira yolimbana ndi imatodes ndi disinfection ndi madzi otentha a mbale za zomera ndi zipangizo. Mukhoza kupanga mizu ya madzi osambira a 45 ° C.
Njira yogwira mtima kwambiri ndiyo kuika zomera kunthaka ina. Pachifukwa ichi, onetsetsani kuti kuchotsa mizu yodwala, ndipo ngati chowonongeko chiri cholimba, chotsani mizu yonse ndikubzala nyemba pamtunda watsopano.
Shchitovka
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa amapezeka pa cacti mobwerezabwereza kuposa kuumirira kapena nkhupakupa. Mukawona tizitsulo tating'ono tating'ono pa chomeraamatanthauza chitetezo anakantha chomeracho. Mtundu wake umakhala wofiira mpaka wofiira.
Alonda achibwibwi ali ndi mtundu wofiira kapena wofiirira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timachotsa chomeracho, kuyamwa madzi kuchokera mmenemo ndi kuchiphera. Shchitovka imayenda pang'onopang'ono, zikuoneka kuti zimakhala pamalo amodzi ndipo sizikusuntha. Ngati pali tizirombo zambiri, tsinde limadzazidwa ndi zowonongeka.
Nthawi zina ziphuphu zimasokonezeka ndi matenda a bulauni omwe amapanga matenda a fungal kapena bakiteriya. Kuti muwone, yesani kugogoda banga, ngati nkhanambo, padzakhala malo amvula, ndipo pansi pake padzakhala khungu lonse. Ngati simungathe kuchotsa malowa, ndiye kuti si matenda, koma ndi matenda.
Kusunga chiphala kuchokera shityovki, Chotsani icho pa tsinde ndi swab ya thonje yothira mowa. Ngati mankhwalawa ali obiriwira, musachotseretu tizirombo, ndi kuthirira zomera ndi njira yothetsera chinsinsi kapena aktar.
Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, shitovki amamwalira, amatha kugwedezeka pa duwa. Chithandizo chimodzi chimakhala chokwanira, koma nthawi zina ndikofunikira kubwereza kuthirira ndi aktar masiku 6-7.
Udzudzu wa mandimu
Ming'onoting'ono amadzizungulira kuzungulira zomera kapena kukukwa pa nthaka.
Mukudziwa? Manyowa akuluakulu alibe vuto lililonse. Zoopsa kwa cacti ndi mphutsi za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimathamangira mazira. Mphutsi zimawoneka ngati mphutsi zomwe zimakhala mu bowa. Zimasiyana chifukwa zimakhala ndi mutu wakuda ndi thupi loonekera mpaka 8 mm m'litali.
Larva wa udzudzu wa bowa amadyetsa zonyansa zadothi kuchokera kunthaka. Chomera chokhudzidwa chimachepetsa kukula, chimasiya kuphuka. Ngati matendawa akuthamanga, nyamakazi imamwalira, chifukwa mphutsi amadya mizu yachinyamata ya zomera.
Kuchotsa kuchokera ku bowa udzudzu, uyenera kuwuma nthaka, ndiyeno uzimwa madzi okwanira. Kuchokera kwa anthu akuluakulu, gwiritsani ntchito tepi yothandizira poiyika pambali pa chomera. N'zotheka kuteteza mazira a udzudzu m'nthaka mwa kuika mchenga wouma pamwamba. Ndi bwino kuwononga mphutsi mwa kuchiza dothi lokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Slugs
Zomwe sizinapangidwe ndi zozizwitsa komanso zosavuta zomwe zimayikidwa slugs. Mukawona kukoka makoswe pammerazimatanthauza kuti zimakhudzidwa ndi slugs, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa usiku ndipo zimadyetsa mbali zofewa za mandimu, maluwa ndi mbande. Slugs amafunika kusonkhanitsidwa pamanja ndikuika misampha.
Mokritsy
Cacti akugwidwa ndi tizirombo monga woodlice. Amadyetsa zowonongeka, koma amathanso kusangalala ndi mphukira zachangu. Osowa ali malo okhala usiku. Kulimbana ndizo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito misampha kuchokera ku magawo ena a mbatata kapena kaloti ndi mikwingwirima yojambula. Patsiku mumangofunika kusonkhanitsa misampha.
Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza zomwe cacti zili, za matenda ndi chithandizo chawo, mukhoza kuphunzira kuchokera ku mabukuwa.
