Chimodzi mwazomera zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka patsamba la Central Russia ndi Rhododendron daursky. Chomera chosasinthika kwambiri ichi chimakusangalatsani ndi maluwa ake achilendo komanso fungo lokhazikika kwa zaka zambiri.
Kufotokozera kwachilengedwe
Daurian rhododendron (mu Latin Rhododendron Dauricu) amakula ku Asia komanso kum'mawa kwa mapiri a Altai. Magawo ake amagawa akuphatikizapo Transbaikalia, gawo lakum'mawa kwa Siberia, Far East, Sakhalin, Korea, Japan, Manchuria ndi Northeast China, pomwe imakula ngati tchire ndi mitengo yayikulu.
Mchaka wa Rhododendron ku Buryatia
Mtengowo ndi shrub, wopangidwa ndi mphukira 20-50, ndodo, wokhala ndi mtundu wakuda. Mphukira zazing'ono ndizochepa thupi komanso zotanuka, ndiye zimasanduka matope. Kutalika kwa the shrub kumachokera ku 1.5-2 m, chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 50.
Far Eastern rhododendron (dzinali limawonetsera gawo lalikulu logawidwa) sili lodziwika bwino chifukwa poyamba maluwa amawoneka pa icho: pamwamba pa mphukira kuchokera pa masamba atatu mpaka atatu, ambiri a pinki, lilac ndi lilac, nthawi zina oyera. Pokhapokha ngati maluwa atuluka - kuyambira pakati pa Epulo mpaka kumapeto kwa Juni - kodi mbewuyo imatulutsa masamba ang'onoang'ono kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 4cm kutalika mpaka 1c cm ozungulira ndikuwongolera kumapeto. Mtundu wawo umakhala wosiyana ndi tsamba: tsamba lakumwambalo limakhala lobiriwira komanso losalala, ndipo gawo lakumbuyo limapindika.
Zambiri! Pafupifupi masamba onse amagwa nyengo yachisanu, kupindika ndi udzu.
Chifukwa cha maluwa, bokosi la zipatso limapangidwa. Mizu ya the shrub ndi yotakata komanso yapamwamba; kuthengo, imakonda kuchulukana ndi mizu, nthawi zina ndi mbewu.
The mankhwala zikuchokera Rhododendron
Zomera ndizopweteka kwambiri, kununkhira kwa maluwa ake kumatha kuyambitsa mseru komanso kupweteka kwa nthawi yayitali, maluwa ochokera pachimera amatha kuyambitsa kuyerekezera zinthu zambiri, ndipo masamba amakhala ndi andromedotoxin, chinthu chomwe chili ndi vuto loyenera, lomwe lingayambitse mantha am'manjamo ndikuwatchinjiriza, zochitika za pamtima zosokoneza. Rhododendron ilinso ndi mafuta ambiri ofunikira, onse masamba ndi maluwa.
Tcherani khutu! Chomera ichi, ngakhale chili ndi poizoni, chimapatsa mankhwala. Rhododendron ndi rosemary ndi mbewu imodzi yemweyo ndipo pafupifupi aliyense wamvapo za zomwe wachiwiri.
Maluwa okongola - mapindu ake ndi zoopsa zake
Zothandiza katundu
Zochulukirapo komanso monga adokotala adalembera, kukonzekera kwa Rhododendron kuli ndi izi:
- bactericidal;
- antipyretic;
- opinya;
- zoziziritsa kukhosi;
- mashukuta.
Izi zikutsimikiziranso kuti chilichonse ndichabwino pang'ono, ndipo ngakhale ziphe zili ndi machiritso. Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu iyi kuti ichotse kufupika ndi kutupa, imasintha ntchito za mtima, zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Masamba a Rhododendron amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda amisempha, khunyu, matenda am'mimba ndi chimfine, komanso matenda opatsirana a bronchitis ndi matenda ena. Tiyi ya masamba a chomera imachepetsa mutu ndi zilonda zapakhosi, komanso kuti muchepetse chifuwa.
Contraindication ntchito kukonzekera kwa Ledum ndi matenda a mtima, mimba, mkaka wa m`mawere, kuwonongeka kwaimpso ntchito.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Wamaluwa omwe akufuna kulima tchire ngati mbewuyo akukumana ndi zovuta kuchita, akufunika kukhala tcheru. Ndikofunika kuyamba kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Ndikofunikira kukonza dothi - peat-mchenga osakaniza mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1, chomwe chimafunikira majeremusi osakhalitsa. Nthaka imathiridwa mu thanki osakwiya kapena kunyowa. Pamwamba kutsanulira mbewu za rosemary.
Zofunika! Mbewu ndizochepa kwambiri, kotero zimatha kusakanizika ndi mchenga, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mtunda pakati pa mbewu umasungidwa mkati mwa 1-1,5 cm.
Kutsirira kumachitika kudzera mu poto mpaka dothi litanyowa, chinyezi chowonjezera chimachotsedwa. Kufesa kumakutidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi. Mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera patatha milungu itatu kutentha kwa firiji.
Atatuluka, filimuyo imachotsedwa, ndipo mbewuzo zimasunthidwa kuchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 8-12 ° C. Mphukira zimapatsidwa kuyatsa kwabwino, koma kupewa dzuwa lowongolera. Iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti gawo lapansi limakhala lonyowa nthawi zonse. Mukatero muyenera kudziwa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono mbewuzo kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
Achichepere a Rhododendrons amathira m'madzi mu June, akubzala m'mabokosi akuluakulu okhala ndi mtunda wa 1.5 cm. Zomera zokhala panja chilimwe ndizolandiridwa. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira yoyamba, rosemary yaying'ono imabweretsedwa mu chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 8-18 ° C, ndipo ndibwino kuwapatsa iwo kuwala kwa maola 12-16 nthawi yonse yozizira.
Chakumapeto kwa febru - kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, mbewu zimasinthidwanso kale pamtunda wa 3-4 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, koma mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo wa rhododendrons amayamba kupanga feteleza. M'chilimwe ayenera kutumizidwanso m'munda.
M'chaka chachitatu, mbande zimabzalidwa m'mabedi okonzeka, osayiwala kuthirira ndi kudyetsa, ndipo zimasinthidwa kumalo okhazikika kwa zaka 4-5 zokha.
Kudula kwa rosemary
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Mosiyana ndi njira yomwe ikukula pofesa mbewu, kufalitsa mabulidwe ndi njira zosavuta komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Zidutswa zimakonzedwa mu theka loyambirira la chilimwe. Mphukira zolimba kwambiri komanso zamphamvu zimasankhidwa ndipo pamtunda wa 45 ° zimadula apical gawo losachepera 10 cm ndipo osapitirira 15 cm. Masamba am'munsi amachotsedwa ndikuwanyowa odulidwa mu chosangalatsa chowonjezera.
Kenako phesi limayikidwa mu dothi lokonzekereratu pakadali 30 °, ndikuyiyambitsa ndikuyifinya ndi nthaka. Kenako yambitsani kuthirira ndi kuphimba kuchokera pamwamba ndi kapu kuchokera mufilimu kapena njira zina.
Zofunika! Ma cutter osakhala osagwirizana naye.
Kuti muzike mizu bwino, ndikofunikira kusunga kutentha kwa 25-30 ° C ndikuwonjezera maola masana mpaka maola 14-16. Pambuyo miyezi itatu, mizu iyenera kuonekera.
Ana achichepere a Rhododendrons ochokera kudula amadzala chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri m'makhola, kuwona kuthirira, kuvala kwapamwamba ndi kutentha kwa nyengo, monga momwe kumera kwa mbeu, kenako ndikabzyala pamalo okhazikika.
Kuyika kwamizu
Rhododendron, kapena rosemary, amathanso kufalikira mwa kuyala. Izi zimachitika mu April. Kuthengo, mphukira zomwe zili pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka zimasankhidwa, osapitilira 5 pcs. kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi. Pamalo polumikizana ndi dothi, mbali yayitali imapangidwa panthambi, ndikuikamo sliver mkati mwake kuti isatseke.
Kenako, pangani phando lalitali masentimita 15 ndi 15, pomwe mphukirowo imakhazikitsidwa ndi koyamba. Dzenje limadzaza ndi dothi loumbika komanso lokwiririka ndi peat, ndipo mphukirowo imamangiriridwa kotero kuti imayang'ana pamwamba. Zimangokhala kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi osati kuthamangira. Kale chaka chamawa, mbewuyo ikakhala yopereka mphukira zatsopano.
Kugawanitsa
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poika zitsamba: imasamala kwambiri (mizu ndi yosalimba komanso yopyapyala) kugawa chitsamba m'magawo angapo, kusunga mizu. Zochita zina zidzakhala zofanana ndi zina.
Mu chilengedwe, ma rhododendrons amatalikirana kwambiri.
Kubzala kwa Shrub
Kubzala ndi kusamalira Rhineododendron ya Daurian kumafuna kusankha malo ndi kulondola kwake, koma nthawi zambiri mbewuyo imatha kutchedwa kuti yopanda tanthauzo.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo ndi kukonzekera dothi
Malowa amayenera kusankhidwa makamaka mosamala, chifukwa mbewuyo imatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 50 ndipo sikuthandizira kwambiri pozisintha pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, malo oyenera akhoza kukhala malo opepuka, koma osayatsidwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa, amatetezedwa ndi mphepo. Malo oyenera kumpoto kwa tsambalo kapena oyandikana nawo ndi conifers. Ndizabwino kwambiri kusankha malo osyanthika pomwe kusungunuka komanso kuchulukana kwa nthaka kapena madzi ena kumachitika. Nthaka siyenera kukhala yolemera kapena yowonda, mulingo woyenera wa acid-based is from 4.5 to 5.
Zofunika! Kuika ndi bwino kuchitidwa koyambirira kwamasika.
Kukonzekera kwa dzenje
Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera feteleza wam'mera m'nthaka, ndikukonzekera maenje: m'lifupi ndi kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 60-70 cm. Mtunda pakati pa tchire umasiyana ndi mbewuyo ndipo umayambira 70 cm mpaka 2m. Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira khosi la muzu, ikhale pamwamba pamtunda kwa masentimita angapo.
Mutabzala, mtengowo umathiriridwa ndikuwupaka ndi singano za paini kapena peat.
Kukongola kwa Ledum ndiye mphotho yabwino kwambiri pantchito zonse
Chisamaliro
Kumayambiriro kwamasika ndikatha maluwa kumatha, feteleza umayikidwa, dothi silimasulidwa kwambiri, namsongole ayenera kuchotsedwa. Ndi zizindikiro zakusowa chinyezi, kuthirira ndikofunikira, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chosanjikiza cha mulch chaka chonse. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala, rosemary saloledwa kuphuka, izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukule chomera champhamvu komanso chopanga zambiri.
Zofunika! Kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena pambuyo pa maluwa ndipo kumachitika potsatira malamulo apadera a njirayi.
Ngati rhododendron imayang'aniridwa molondola, ndiye kuti siofala kwambiri ndi matenda. Komabe, pachizindikiro choyamba, yankho labwino ndikuchotsa mphukira zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndikuziwotcha, ndikusaka chitsamba kutengera mawonetsedwe amvuto.
Ledum imakhala yosagwira kwambiri chisanu ndipo imalekerera kuzizira mpaka −45 ° С. Kufunika kosungitsa mizu yake nyengo yachisanu kumawerengeredwa potengera nyengo zomwe zikukula, komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, njira zokhazikika zokhazokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, malinga ndi ukadaulo waulimi, wokhala ndi dothi lalitali pamunsi, masamba ndi nthambi zinanso zambiri. Kuwombera kumatha kugwa pansi.
Daurian rhododendron ndi chomera chokongola kwambiri komanso chodabwitsa ndi maluwa okongola. Chikhalidwechi chimakhala ndi zopindulitsa ndipo chimachiritsa matenda ambiri. Itha kubzalidwe kumpoto kwa Russia, chifukwa imalekerera chisanu mosavuta, koma imafunikira chisamaliro chapadera.
