Pakati pa ferns omwe amakula pakhomo, otchuka kwambiri, mwinamwake, ndi othandiza.
Awo kutseguka ndi chikondi akugonjetsa mwamsanga ndi kwanthawizonse. Zomera zodabwitsa zimapanga chikhalidwe cha mtendere ndi bata mu chipinda.
Izi zimawongolera osati zokongola za masoka achilengedwe, komanso zawo kulekerera mthunzi.
Chifukwa chakuti zomera sizikusowa kuwala, mukhoza kuika mphika ndi fern, osati pawindo, komwe nthawi zonse mumakhala maluwa ambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri palibe malo okwanira, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, koma kumbuyo kwa chipinda. Choncho, n'zotheka kupanga phokoso lobiriwira komwe nthawi zambiri zomera siziikidwa.
Mbiri ya chiyambi
Adiantum inali kudziwika ku Girisi wakale. Dzina lake likutanthauziridwa kwenikweni kuchokera ku Greek ngati kuphatikiza kwa chiyambi-kutaya ndi loti "moisten". Dzina la chomeracho chinali chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kubwezeretsa madzi. Ngakhale mvula imakhala youma. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chomerachi chimakonda chinyezi, choncho chimakula makamaka pafupi ndi mitsinje, madzi, mitsinje, komanso m'mapiri kapena m'mapiri.
Aldiantum imakula kwambiri ku Crimea, Caucasus, America, Asia ndi Africa. Tsopano, chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake chokongoletsera, fern yakula pakhomo ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo.
Mawonekedwe ochokera ku chithunzi
Mpaka posachedwa, panali mitundu 2 -3 ya adiantes ogulitsidwa, tsitsi lofala kwambiri la Venerin. Tsopano pa minda yamaluwa amakula ndi kupereka mitundu yambiri ya fern, kuphatikizapo adiantum. Nawa ena mwa iwo:
Venerin tsitsi
Kuoneka kokongola kwambiri. Masamba kawiri, pinnate, emerald wobiriwira, cuttings wakuda. Amalekerera movutikira mpweya wouma, m'zinthu za chipinda kuchulukira kwa tsamba la kutaya tsamba.
Stomatoid
Choyimira-chomera - chomera chokhala ndi mapepala ofunda, ofanana ndi mawonekedwe. Habitus mawonekedwe ozungulira. Akuwombera bend mu videodip. Kum'mwera kwakumadzulo kumatseguka.
Zithunzi za subspecies zotsalira:
Frahrans
Mofanana kwambiri ndi tsitsi la Venerin. Frahrans amatanthauza zonunkhira.
Ruddy
Masamba a Ruddy ali ndi mapuloteni atatu, osaphika. Kuoneka kokongoletsera, kumapangitsa kuti pakhomo pakhale zovuta. Zopanda nzeru kwambiri za adiantums.
Tsitsi laling'ono
Tsitsi la Adiantum - kaonekedwe kaŵirikaŵiri kosadzichepetsa ndi pubescence tsamba la masamba ndi cuttings.
Zithunzi zofanana
Maso okongoletsera ndi masamba ochepa. Sporangia ngati mawonekedwe a mahatchi pamphepete mwa tsamba la masamba, mbola. Ndibwino kuti mukule muzipinda zowonongeka.
Wokondedwa
Masambawo ndi obiriwira, amodzi ndi atatu. Zokongola zazikulu shrub. Zimakula bwino m'nyumba zowonongeka.
Wofatsa
Mafuta a Adiantum kapena Wofatsa - mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri, amakula bwino m'zipinda.
Zosasintha
Masamba pinnate ndi kawiri pinnate, wobiriwira wobiriwira. Mphuno ngati sporangia ili pamphepete mwa tsamba la masamba. Amagwiritsa ntchito floristics.
Kusamalira kwanu
Adiantamu kwambiri Chitani zowawa kwambiri kuti musinthe. Choncho, kugula duwa, yesetsani kuti mum'peze nthawi yomweyo. Ndipo muziyika izo ndendende apo.
Ngati adiantum idzakhala gawo la kusonkhanitsa pakati pa nyama zina, ndiye Panthawi yogula chakudya, ndi bwino kuyambiranso mbewu zina zonse, osati woyamba, monga momwe zimachitidwira. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri, mukhoza kubwezeretsa anthu kumalo awo.
Kuunikira ndi chinyezi
Kusamalira fern iyi si kovuta monga momwe nthawi zina imatchulidwira.
Mfundo zazikulu ziwiri zimadziwika bwino ndipo zimakhala zolimba: kuthirira okwanira komanso kumeta.
Ndikofunikira Musawume nthaka koma zofunikira zofanana musati pereuvlazhnit.
Izi zimachitika kuti adiantum amauma masamba; mwiniwake amawonjezera kuthirira kuti athetse vutoli. Chotsatira chake, chomeracho chimamwalira.
Izi sizichitika mwamsanga, koma ngati dothi mu mphika lasandulika chithaphwi, ndiye kuti posachedwa kapena mtsogolo zidzachitika - mizu yovunda. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa, osati nthawi zonse yonyowa, izi ndi zofunika.
Kuwala, Mwachidziwikire sikofunikira kufotokoza chomeracho pansi pa dzuwa. Ngati mukulikulitsa pawindo, ndiye kumpoto.
Kawirikawiri pakati pa malingaliro a chisamaliro omwe mungakumane nawo mukufuna kuwapopera tsiku ndi tsiku. Ndikufuna nthawi yomweyo kusungirako za izi: ngati muli ndi nthawi yambiri yaulere, mukhoza kutulutsa kangapo patsiku. Sichivulaza chomera. Koma sizingabweretse ndi kupindulitsa.
Koma popeza othandizira akadali osakonda mpweya wouma, ayenera kupita njira ina. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wozungulira zomera umakhala wambiri. Kuti muchite izi, mukhoza kuikapo poto pamadzi ochepa. Kapena ikani mphika pa dothi lonyowa.
Phika liyenera kukhala ndi khola, mizu kupyola mu dzenje sayenera kugwirizana ndi madzi - timakhala ndi chidwi ndi mpweya wozizira, osati mizu yovunda. M'magulu awiriwa, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse mumadzi mumatangi.
Njira yabwino yosungira chinyezi cham'mlengalenga. Ikani chomera chokongoletsera cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba okongoletsera omwe ali ndi zofanana zofunikira kuti zisunge (kutentha ndi kuwala). Ambiri a iwo akusowa kupopera mbewu.
Pano izi zidzakhala zosiyana kwambiri, mosiyana ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwala okhazikika. Madontho amadzi, otuluka m'magulu a zomera zozungulira, amachititsa kuti mpweya ukhale wambiri.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Mu chilimwe, kuthirira kumakhala koyenera. M'nyengo yotentha amafunsidwa kuti abatizidwe m'madzi (mumphika). Dziko lapansi liyenera kukhala lodzaza ndi madzi komanso lokhazikika. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, muyenera kupereka chinyezi chowonjezera kuchoka. Chinthu chachikulu - musachigonjetse. Pokhapokha ngati madzi owonjezera atsekedwa ndiye kuti adiantum ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, adiantum imathiriridwa chifukwa cha kutentha mu chipinda ndi chinyezi cha mlengalenga. Ngati nthaka yowuma kwambiri ndipo imafuna madzi okwanira, muyenera kuthirira madzi popanda kutentha (koma osati otentha!) Madzi.
M'miyezi ya chilimwe, adiantum ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi wapadera madzi zosakaniza kwa m'nyumba zowonjezera, zomwe zingapezeke m'minda iliyonse yamaluwa monga OBI. M'nyengo yozizira musayambe kuvala pamwamba.
Kutentha
Kutentha kwa chiwerengero cha adiantium ndi chimodzimodzi ndi ambiri a fern. moyenera.
Pano lamuloli likugwira ntchito bwino: kutentha kumakhala m'chipinda, mvula imakhala yambiri.
Ndicho chifukwa chake m'nyumba zomwe kutentha kwakukulu "kumayambitsa" m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kusamala kwambiri izi.
Ambiri a iwo amaphedwa atangoyamba nyengo yotentha.
Mitundu ina imatha kupirira kutentha kutsika mpaka madigiri 25 ndipo imatha kutentha kunja, ngakhale popanda pogona.
Orlyak, Polniyornik, Thymus
Kudulira
Mbali zouma za chomera ziyenera kudula nthawi zonse pamwamba pa gawo lapansi. Mafresi samasowa korona wapadera-kupanga kudulira.
Kuwaza
Mofanana ndi zomera zina zambiri, nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya adiantum ndi masika. Ndikumayambiriro kwa chaka ndipo ayenera kuika fern. Tengani mphika wawukulu waukulu kuti wothandizira akhale ndi malo. Mizu yowonongeka iyenera kudulidwa, ndipo zabwino zizisiyidwe. Mukadzala chomera pansi, musachiphwanye! Mizu ya chomera ichi imakonda nthaka yosalala. Pambuyo pakugwiranso ntchito muyenera kupopera ndi madzi otentha.
Kuswana
Kugawa chitsamba
Adianta amafalitsidwa kawirikawiri ndi kugawa chitsamba panthawi yopatsa, kawirikawiri kasupe. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala, yosavuta pang'ono, makamaka ndi kuphatikiza makungwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito zimenezi, mizu siidalumikizana, chomeracho sichimavulazidwa pakagawanika. Mulimonsemo, lingaliro labwino kukonkha malo owonongeka ndi sinamoni yamakala kapena pansi.
Delenki iyenera kuikidwa pansi nthawi yomweyo - musayambe kuyendayenda. Musati muike maliro, chomera mofanana mofanana ndi kale.
Osataya chodzala mutaphimba, pephirani ndi kapu yamatenda, mwachitsanzo, thumba la pulasitiki, osachepera sabata. Pa nthawi ino makamaka mosamala kuyang'anira kutentha zachilengedwe: kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso ndi kutenthedwa kwambiri n'koopsa.
Momwe mungakwirire bwino, onani kanema:
Mikangano
Ofufuza akhoza kuyesa chomera ndi spores. Mukhoza kuyika chidutswa cha tsamba ndi sporangia, kapena kungokangana mu chidebe ndi nthaka yowonongeka, kuphimba ndi mdima ndikuiyika pamtunda, koma osati malo otentha. Pali umboni wakuti m'mikhalidwe yotere kumera kumachitika mkati mwa masabata 4 mpaka 12.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi zofunikira zoyenera kawirikawiri amadwala. Nthaŵi zonse chinyezi cha mpweya - kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa kangaude. Mealybug ndi mlingo pamaso pa zomera zowonjezako zingathenso kugunda adiantum. Pamene dothi lingawonongeke lingakhale lovunda.
Zopindulitsa ndi mankhwala opangidwa
Mu fern pali zakudya ndi mankhwala ena ofanana, organic acids, triterpenoids, phenol carbonic acids (ndi zivomezi zawo), flavonoids (gulu lalikulu kwambiri la zomera polyphenols), ndi lipids. Masamba a Adiantum omwe ali ndi steroids ndi lipids.
Chenjerani: Zomwe zili pansipa ndi kufufuza kwa mankhwala am'malamulo. Pa mafunso ovuta, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi dokotala. Taganizirani za kusagwirizana kwanu.
Adiantum imachiritsa katundu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kuchipatala ku Western Europe. Zomera zam'mimba zamtunduwu zimapha mabakiteriya bwino, zida zowonjezera ndi mankhwalawa zimagwiritsiridwa ntchito monga expectorant chifukwa cha vuto la kupuma, ndipo zimakhala zofewa.
Adiantum ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthetsa kutentha. Zitsamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala ochiritsira kuti azichiza matenda opatsirana, ndipo zomera zimathandizira matenda a chiwindi, chikhodzodzo ndi ntchentche. Ku India, phala lopangidwa kuchokera ku masamba a pansi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza mabala ndi abrasions. Kusakaniza kwa madzi ndi uchi kumathandiza ndi gastralgia.
Ntchito yaikulu ya adiantum - chithandizo chosafunika kuchokera ku kusuta, khofi yolimba komanso kumwa mowa.
Fern imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo pofuna kukonza kukoma kwa syrups.
Kutsiliza
Adiantum - alendo kuchokera nthawi yakale ya dziko lapansi. Izi ndizomwe zimakhala zamoyo, zosungidwa padziko lapansi kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Aloleni iwo azikonda izo mnyumba mwanu!
Zina zowonjezera m'nyumba ndizo: Pelleya, Pteris, Cirtriumium, Asplenium, Nephrolepis, Davallia, Blehnum, Salvinia, Polypodium, Platicerium, Uzzhnik ndi Grozdnik.
