Fatshedera - wosakanizidwa wapachiyambi, wobzalidwa ndi kudutsa zomera ziwiri: Japan fatsia ndi ivy.
Maluwa amenewa anapezeka mu 1912 chifukwa cha ntchito abale french liza.
Malingalirowa nthawi yomweyo anayamba kutchuka ndi ambiri wamaluwa. Chomera chodabwitsa choterocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati kokha kumalo okongola a masitepe ndi makonde, komanso kupanga maonekedwe okongola maluwa m'minda ya chisanu.
Kuwonjezera pa nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za kuchepa: kusamalira kunyumba, zithunzi, phindu, matenda.
Kufotokozera
Fatshederoy ndi liana yobiriwira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imafika mamita asanu. Zomwe zimayambira zimakhala zochepa komanso zowonongeka, zowonda, zimakhazikika pazomera zazing'ono, koma pakapita kanthawi zimakhala zokwawa.
Masamba lalikulu kwambiri, 3-5-lobed. Pamwamba pa mbaleyo muli mdima wonyezimira, wakuda. Nthawi zina pamakhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwina kumbali kapena zoyera. Zilibe zomveka, koma zimakhala ndi maonekedwe okongoletsera.
M'nthaŵi ya m'dzinja, maambulera ndi maluwa okongola amatha kuoneka pa zomera zina zazikulu. Zipatso ndi zipatso za mdima wobiriwira.
Zithunzi
Fatshedera: chithunzi cha evergreen liana.
Kusamalira kwanu
Fatshedera imaonedwa kuti ndi yolimba kwambiri kuti ikule kunja kwa madera ndi nyengo yofatsa.
Mitundu ya variegated iwo ali owala kwambiri, amakula pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, ndipo amawoneka okongoletsera, choncho amakhala abwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito m'nyumba.
Masiku ano, mu chikhalidwe, zimagwiritsa ntchito mitengo kapena matabwa kuti zisunge nthambi za zomera.
Malo
Mafuta amatha kusunga malo amdima ndi ochepa. Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayenera kuunika kwambiri. Ndi bwino kuika miphika ndi zomera izi kumadzulo kapena mawindo akummawa.
Liana ndi masamba obiriwira amakula msanga pawindo la kumpoto, koma m'nyengo yozizira amafunika kuunikira kwina.
Kutentha
Kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta kudzichepetsa, koma m'nyengo yozizira Ndibwino kuti muziyiyika m'chipinda chozizira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa 12-15 ° C, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana - yosachepera 16 ° C.
M'chilimwe Amamva bwino kunja, mwachitsanzo m'munda. Liana amamvetsetsa mpweya wabwino wa mpweya, choncho, kumubweretsa panja, muyenera kusamalira chitetezo chochokera ku zitsulo.
Kuthirira
Pa chitukuko champhamvu Izi zimafuna kuti zikhale zambiri, komanso zina sizitsitsimutsa. Mafuta owonjezera omwe akupezeka mu poto ayenera kuyamwa nthawi zonse.
Wosakanizidwa uyu nayenso kupweteka kwambiri pa gawo lapansi - masamba atembenuke chikasu.
M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuthirira madzi mopitirira malire, koma kuti gawo lapansi mu mphika lisamaume. Nthaka youma - masamba ayamba kugwa, mawonekedwe a korona ndi opunduka ndipo zimakhala zovuta kubwezeretsa mawonekedwe ake akale.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Mu chipinda chozizira, Fatschedera ndi wodzichepetsa, pa mitengo pamwamba pa 18 ° C Ikani chophimba chomera pamtunda wothira madzi pamwamba pa madzi ndi kuthira masamba masamba nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kupaka pamwamba
Nthawi zambiri zakudya zowonjezera zimachitika m'nthawi yozizira kwambiri.
Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zovuta zamchere feteleza zomwe zimapangidwanso ndi organic kamodzi pa masiku khumi. M'nyengo yozizira, simuyenera kudyetsa liana.
Kuwaza
Zomera nthawi yoyamba zimafalikira chaka chilichonse mu kasupe, kamodzi kamodzi pazaka zingapo.
Kusakaniza kwa nthaka konzekerani kuchokera kumtunda, humus, komanso mchenga wabwino kwambiri. Kuthetsa kumafuna madzi abwino, omwe nthawi zambiri amatenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphika.
Kuswana
Mitundu yamafuta nsonga za cuttings, komanso mawonekedwe a mpweya, omwe amachitikira kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira - kumayambiriro kwa nyengo.
M'katikatikati mwa masika, chimangidwe chosasunthika chimapangidwa pa thunthu, ndiye chimakulungidwa mosamalitsa ndi chitsime chofewa chophimbidwa ndi filimu pamwamba.
Moss iyenera kukhala yosungunuka nthawi zonse.
Pafupifupi miyezi iwiri kuchokera pamene mizu ing'onoing'ono ikuwoneka, pamwamba ndi mizu iyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala kuti asawononge chomeracho ndi kubzalidwa poto yokonzedwa bwino.
Cuttings mizu m'malo mofulumira m'madzi komanso mu gawo la humidified pamtunda wautali (kuphimba ndi galasi kapena polyethylene).
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Fatshedera mosavuta kupirira zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoopsaomwe amasungunuka mumlengalenga ngakhale chipinda chachikulu kwambiri. Mphika umodzi wokhala ndi chomera ndi wokwanira 1 cu. m zipinda. Kotero, chipinda chimodzi cha chipinda chokhala ndi mawonekedwe apakati chidzafuna zomera khumi ndi zingapo.
Kuonjezerapo, masamba owoneka bwino, pamodzi ndi ndondomeko ya masamba, komanso maluwa, amatha kutonthoza munthu, kuchepetsa mantha.
Dzina la sayansi
Dzina la sayansi lamankhwala - Fatshedera, kapena kuti amalemekezedwa ndi abale a abambo, omwe, makamaka, anabweretsa mtundu uwu, - Fatshedera lizei (Fatshedera Lize).
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Fatshedera sagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Kutayika kwa zokongoletsera kawirikawiri kumasonyeza chisamaliro chosayenera, ndipo osati konse pa matenda kapena kuukira kwa tizilombo tina.
Kotero Zizindikiro zotsatirazi zikunenedwa:
- Masamba ayamba kumira - mpweya wouma kwambiri m'chipinda.
- Dyani nsonga - chinyezi chokwanira cha nthaka.
- Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndipo pang'onopang'ono akugwa - chinyezi chochuluka.
- Kuwonekera kwa malo owuma a mtundu wa bulauni wofiira - kutentha kwa dzuwa.
- Kutaya kwa kuwala kwa variegated mitundu - kusowa kwaunikira.
- Muzu wovunda ndi powdery mildew - kumwa mowa komanso mobwerezabwereza.
- Kuwoneka kwa chiwombankhanga cha imvi - chomera chimakhala chozizira (muyenera kudula malo onse owonongeka, ndiyeno muzisamalira mpesa ndi fungicide).
- Masamba ang'onoang'ono ndipo mwachiwonekere amatambasula mphukira yaitali - osati kuwala kokwanira.
Fatshedera ingakhudzidwe ndi zoterezi tizirombomonga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mealybugs, ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Mitengo yowonongeka iyenera kuchitidwa bwino nthawi yomweyo ndi madzi asapu, komanso ndi matenda okwanira - ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Pakati pa kutentha, kuwala kochepa, komanso kuthirira kwakukulu kumaonedwa ndi matenda a grayish rot botrytis - Zimatengedwa kuti ndi mdani wamkulu wa mpesa wosakanizidwa.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mbali ya pansi ya thunthu imayamba pang'onopang'ono kukula bulauni, kuvunda, kenako imadzazidwa ndi imvi ndi brownish tinge ndi pachimake cha bowa spores, omwe nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi nkhungu yamba. Ngati simutenga nthawi yake, chomeracho chingathe kufa masabata angapo chabe.
Botrytis Fatshedera iyenera kusintha ndondomeko ya ndende: kuti ikayike pamalo okwera mpweya wokhala ndi chinyezi chapansi. Muyenera kuchotsa mosamala masamba onse owonongeka.
Mu vidiyo iyi mudzawona mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maolivi otsekemera.
