Wisteria ndi chomera kuchokera ku nthano, kukongola ndi inflorescences mpaka theka la mita yaitali. Zokongola, zofatsa, zothamanga, zonunkhira. N'zotheka kufotokoza kwa nthawi yayitali, koma ndi bwino kuona chithunzi kuti mukhale ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi kukongola kwa wisteria.
Mitundu
Wisteria (Wisteria) - Wopesa mphesa, woimira masamba. Ili ndi mitundu 10, 8 imayambira ku East Asia, 2 - ku North America. Wisteria ndi chomera cholimba chomwe chimadzaza mwamsanga malo onse otha kuzungulira, olimba. Wopangidwa bwino ndi munthu. Kukula kwanthawi yaitali pamalo amodzi.
Wisteria maluwa amawoneka ngati maluwa a mtola. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amasonkhanitsidwa mu burashi ya inflorescence. Mtundu umakhala wochokera ku zoyera mpaka wofiira. Zipatsozo ndizitali mamita 30. Masambawa ndi ovuta, okongola kwambiri.
Chinese Wisteria (Wisteria chinensis) - kumakula kumayambiriro ku East Asia. Kutalika kwa nthambi kumafikira mamita 15 - 20. Masambawa ndi aakulu, amphongo. Maluwa amitundu yosiyana kuchokera ku white kupita ku lilac amapanga burashi 15-30 masentimita yaitali, omwe amamasula pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Amayamba maluwa kumapeto, mpaka nthawi yophukira imatha kupasuka gawo limodzi.
Zimakula mofulumira, zimapangika kumbuyo, zimakhala ndi makhalidwe okongoletsa mpaka m'dzinja chifukwa cha masamba a golidi. Zosavuta kusamalira ndi kutenga mawonekedwe alionse. Ikhoza kukhala wamkulu mnyumbamo mu lalikulu, mpaka makumi khumi malita, mphika wa mphika (mbiya). Pansi pa zochitika za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Black Sea, maonekedwe owongoka amakula, monga munda wosiyana ndi maluwa okongola.
Multicolor Wisteria (Wisteria floribunda) - Kutalika kwa nthambi ndi mamita 10, masambawo amakhala aakulu, ovuta. Sulani kukula kwa theka la mita. Mtundu kuchokera ku buluu kupita ku mtundu wofiira. Sungunulani pang'onopang'ono. Imatulutsa maluwa a ku China wisteria, zipatso zimakhalabe m'nyengo yozizira. Amamasula kwambiri, chisanu kukana ndi kukongoletsa apamwamba. Kukula mobwerezabwereza.
Mzinda Wokongola Wisteria (Wisteria venusta) - imakula mamita 10. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi pubescence yabwino ya masamba, makamaka m'munsi mwa tsamba, ndi nyemba. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, mpaka 2.5 masentimita, pangani duwa mpaka masentimita 20. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi maluwa oyera komanso ofiirira.
Bushe wisteria (Wisteria frutescens) - kufika mamita 10 m'lifupi, nthambi zimakhala ngati nthambi za msondodzi. Maluwa ochokera ku buluu kupita ku mtundu wofiirira, wocheperapo kuposa mitundu ina ya wisteria. Kugawo la Russia likukula mu Crimea, Moldova ndi Uzbekistan. Mmodzi mwa mitundu ya wisteria yomwe imasintha zinthu za mkati. Zikuwoneka ngati high-silica wisteria.
Wisteria Macrokisty (Wisteria macrostachya) - amapezeka mumtambo. Pachifukwachi, ndipo chifukwa palibe makhalidwe a chisanu, amatha kukula m'nyumba, kumapanga ndi m'mapiri. Mu zosiyanasiyana "Blue moon" buluu kapena maluwa oyera amadzaza mtundu wawo.
Maluwa wisteria
Wisteria (kuchokera ku Chigriki. Glycos - okoma) amatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha maluwa onunkhira, omwe ali okongola kwambiri. Fungo labwino ndi lokoma, losangalatsa, lofanana ndi fungo la mthethe. Pali mitundu yambiri ya wisteria yomwe imakhala ndi mavitamini amphamvu kapena owala. Maluwa a wisteria si wokongola kokha, komanso wokongola kwambiri. Wisteria onse amavomereza kukula kwa dziko lawo: kuwala, kutentha, chinyezi, kusasinthasintha kwa kutentha, nthaka yolemera.
Chimake choyamba sichibwera msanga. Ngati wisteria amakula kuchokera ku mbewu, zimatha zaka 10 mpaka 15. Zomera zomwe zimafalitsidwa ndi kudula kapena kuzungulira zimayamba kuphulika zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo maluwa adzakhala ochuluka kwambiri.
Chomera chimayamba kuphuka pamaso pa masamba. Monga lamulo, ili ndi May - June.
- Chifukwa chiyani Wisteria samasintha? Yankho lake ndi losavuta:
- osayenerera mokwanira ndi dzuwa;
- anapanga feteleza wambiri wa nayitrogeni;
- kudulidwa molakwika;
- madzi osakwanira pa budding.
Kumtchire, wisteria sangathe kudzuka pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, ngati chilimwe chili. Kukula kwazu kumakula, koma maluwa a chomeracho sichikhala zaka zitatu kapena 4.
Maluwa amayamba pa mphukira za chaka chachiwiri. Pofuna kukhazikitsa maluwa a maluwa a ku Russia, m'pofunika kupanga wisteria mu mawonekedwe oyenera: mtengo wawung'ono kapena palmette. Njira yomalizayi ndi yabwino yokongoletsa malire a chiwembu kapena kukongoletsa khoma. Chiwombankhanga chimakhala choyenera kusamalira chomera, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kudulira ndi pogona m'nyengo yozizira ndi nsalu.
Mvula yophimba zakuthupi ndi madzi oima m'nyengo yozizira ndi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe zimayipitsa wisteria.
Nyengo mutatha maluwa
Kuti wisteria asangalale kwambiri, kudulira kuyenera kuchitika nthawi ziwiri pa nyengo. Kudulira koyamba kumafunika kuti ufikitse mbaliyo ikuwombera ndi theka la kutalika kwake. Kudulira kwachiwiri kukufupikitsa nthambi zitatha masamba akugwa, osasiya zoposa 5 masamba pa nthambi. Pambuyo poyendera kasupe, wisteria amangirizidwa ku chithandizo ndikudulira masamba awiri kapena atatu. Pa nthawiyi, masambawa amadziwika bwino kwambiri: maluwawo ndi ozungulira ndipo kukula kumakhala kosalala.
Palinso chinyengo china chimene chimayambitsa wisteria kupuntha mochuluka. Kudula mitengoyi patatha masabata awiri ndi 10 mpaka 15 cm nthawi yonse yokula. Kulimbikitsana kwa mphukira yowonjezera ndi kukanikiza kwake kumapangitsa maluwa kupanga mapulitsi ochepa kwambiri mwamphamvu.
Kumvera lamuloli liyenera kukhazikika ngati mukufuna kupeza maluwa. Mtengo wopangidwa udzaphuka mochuluka komanso mofulumira.
Kukula wisteria
Cholinga chachikulu cha wisteria - zokongoletsera zimapachika masamba. Pofuna kutsindika kukongola kwa maluwa, zomera zimatumizidwa pa chithandizo. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mabowo, pergolas, mipanda ndi makoma. Ngati simukutsatira wisteria, idzaphatikizira chilichonse mumsewu, mpaka kumapope. Chinthu chokha chokonzekera chithandizo ndicho chakuti chiyenera kukhala champhamvu kwambiri kuti chipirire kulemera kwa nthambi ndi maluwa.
Azamaluwa a Chingerezi, omwe amalemekezedwa kwambiri padziko lapansi, amanena kuti Wisteria nthawi zambiri chimakhala chopanda chisanu, ndipo kutentha kwapafupi pansi pa 25 sikutsekemera. Komabe, popanda khama lalikulu, lingathe kukulirakulira kumadera akummwera a dziko lathu.
Zaka zitatu zoyambirira za kukula kwa wisteria ndizofunikira kwambiri: mafupa amapangidwa, kudulira wisteria kumawonjezera mapangidwe a maluwa. Ngati mwadula bwinobwino, wisteria adzakhala mtengo wokhazikika ndipo sudzafunanso kubwezeretsedwa. Koma ngati zifunikira, wisteria akhoza kupititsidwa patsogolo pang'onopang'ono mwa kuchotsa tsinde chaka chilichonse ndi kulongosola kuthawira kumalo abwino. Kudulira kunkachitika pafupifupi pansi.
Mbali za kukula kwa mitundu ya mkati
Wisteria amakula bwino mu kabati pa khonde, pogona, chipinda cham'mwera. Pa nyengo yakukula amafunikira kuwala ndi kutentha. Zovomerezeka kuvala, mwinamwake chomera chidzasiya kuphulika. Mu kabati, wisteria amapezedwa bwino.
Mu kugwa, atakonza, phukusi limaperekedwa ku veranda kapena ku chipinda china, komwe kumakhala kozizira (8 - 10 madigiri), mphepo komanso osati yonyowa. Kuthirira kumakhala kosawerengeka komanso kosapitirira. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pangani chomera, mutenge masamba awiri ndi atatu wisteria ndikuyika malo okhazikika.
Ngati pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, wisteria ili pawindo lakumwera, idzaphuka mwamsanga. Patatha mphindi 1 - 1.5, maluwa adzayambiranso, koma osati ochulukirapo.
Ngati chomeracho sichitha kupuma kozizira, sichidzaphuka, chidzafa.
Wisteria amamva bwino kwambiri kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi feteleza ndi feteleza. Makope ang'onoang'ono amafunika kuikidwa pambali chaka chilichonse, akuluakulu - zaka zingapo.
Pambuyo maluwa, chomeracho chimadulidwa mpaka theka la kutalika kwa nthambi.
Chomera chaka chilichonse chikhoza kuikidwa pamalo osatha m'munda. Pa ichi, nthaka iliyonse yachonde ndi yoyenera komanso nthawi yochokera ku kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira. Asanafike, amadzipaka madzi kwa maola awiri. Muzu wa mchenga mu dzenje umayikidwa pang'onopang'ono, yambani kukhazikitsa chithandizo ndikumangiriza tsinde. Kuthirira mbande kumafunika pambuyo pochoka. Pambuyo masiku 1 - 2, chomeracho chifupikitsidwa ndi masentimita 20, kusiya 2 - 3 kuthawa. Pakati pa nyengo amakula ndi mamita 2 mpaka 2.5. Mabaibulo akuluakulu m'zinthu zathu adzafuna ndalama zosiyana. Nthambi zouma ziyenera kudulidwa, ndi kuzungulira kuti zitumize pa chithandizo. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimatuluka ndipo zimasiya kuthirira.
Ngakhale maonekedwe abwino, wisteria si chomera chopanda nzeru. Ngati mutatsatira malamulo oyendetsera chisamaliro, mungathe kukwaniritsa maluwa ochuluka a pachaka.
Chithunzi
M'munsimu mungathe kuona chithunzi cha momwe Wisteria amamasulira:
- Mitundu ya Wisteria
- Wisteria Blue Moon
- Wisteria amasamala m'munda
- Kufalitsa kwa Wisteria
- Kubzala Wisteria
