Perovski, kapena masewera achi Russia: kubzala ndi kusamalira

M'malo mwachilendo, koma zodabwitsa ndi wapadera zokongola za munda wamakono - Perovskii kapena Masewera achi Russia - zodabwitsa zenizeni kwa oyang'anira wamaluwa. Ngati mukufuna kukondweretsa ena ndi kukongola kwa munda wanu wamaluwa kapena wowonjezera kutentha, ndiye chomera chanu ndizo zabwino zanu.

Zamkatimu:

• Mitundu
• Kuswana
• Cuttings
• Mbewu
• Kusamalira Zomera
• Kuthirira
• Chinyezi
• Kupaka pamwamba
• Mulching
• Kudulira
• Pogona m'nyengo yozizira
• Zitsanzo za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo okongola
• Mavuto akukula
• Matenda ndi tizirombo

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Mtundu wabuluu wachikale osatha perovskiy - Ndi wamtali wa herbaceous chomera, shrub kuchokera ku banja la yarnotkovyh kapena labata, kunja ndi kununkhiza kukumbukira anthu omwe amaimira zinyama. Banja lawo lili ndi mitundu yokwana 9 yokha, yomwe imakhala ikukula kumapiri a Central Asia, kudutsa m'dziko la Afghanistan ndi Northern Iran mpaka Republic of Pakistan ndi kumpoto kwa India. Ku Central Asia ndi Kummwera kwa Europe, chomerachi chifika pamtunda wa masentimita 170, ndipo kudziko lachilendo kutalika kwa Perovsk kumasiyana pakati pa 50 ndi 70 cm.

Mitengo ya mtundu wonyezimira wa Russian, pafupi ndi masamba a mthunzi wa siliva wa lilac, pali maluŵa ofiira omwe ali ndi ubweya wabuluu monga mawonekedwe a panicles, omwe ali ndi fungo lokoma ndi lokoma.

Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuti muwerenge momwe mungamere mankhwala, zakudya zam'mimba ndi thundu, komanso kuwerenga za kukula pawindo.

Chomera chimenecho chidzakondweretsedwa bwino ndi okonda mapiri ndi osangalatsa kwambiri a zitsamba ndi maluwa, monga, chowawa, lavender, oregano (oregano), timbewu tonunkhira, thyme (thyme), catnip, ndi zina zotero.

Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu July ndipo imatha mpaka October. Perovskiya ili ndi miyendo yowonongeka kwambiri ndi ziŵerengero zambiri za lignified pansipa. Zipatso zapakati pa chaka chomera zimasindikizidwa ndi udzu. Ku England, amatchedwa "sage Russian", kutanthauza kuti "Russian ruswa". Ndipo, ndiyenera kunena, izi ndi zachilendo, chifukwa ngati dziko la Russia linali dziko lakwawo, ndiye kuti padzakhalanso ambiri a iwo kumeneko, koma kwenikweni zenizeni sizichitika mu munda wa Russia.

Mitundu

Mitundu yonse ya perovskii ili ndi cholinga chokongoletsera, ngakhale pakati pa omwe akulima kwambiri akhoza kutchedwa awiri okha: Perovsky chowawa (dzina lina - zonunkhira kapena chithandizo) komanso katemera (mwinamwake - Pamiramatchedwanso kumadzulo zodzikweza):

1. Choyamba zomwe zimafala kwambiri m'mapiri a ku Central ndi South Asia (Tien Shan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Tibet, Pakistan, Kashmir) pa miyala yowuma, miyala yamtengo wapatali. Mitunduyi imatha kutalika kwake (0.5 cm - 1 mamita) shrub ya mawonekedwe aakulu ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a maluŵa, omwe amasonkhana mumapope, omwe amamera kumayambiriro kwa June ndikupitirizabe mu August.

   Ku England, pali mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mankhwala a perovskii, omwe amatchedwa wosakanizidwa mmodzi. Kuwona za chomeracho chinawululidwa ku Kyrgyzstan: masamba obiriwira obiriwira ndi mthunzi wakuda wa maluwa okongola omwe amawonekera kumapeto kwa chilimwe.

2. Chachiwiri mtundu wa perovskii imakula pamapiri otsetsereka ndi miyala ya Afghanistan, China, Pakistan, kumpoto kwa India. Chitsamba chimenechi ndi chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa chakale (0.9-1.5 m) ndipo chimakhala ndi maluwa okongola a lavender omwe amapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndipo akupitirizabe kufalikira mpaka kumapeto.

Mukudziwa? Russian General Vasily Perovsky mu 1839-1840 anatsogolera ntchito ya Khiva, kuyesa kugonjetsa ku Central Asia ndipo poyamba anabweretsa kukongola kwa Central Asia ku Russia, dzina lake linatchedwa dzina lachilatini lakuti "Perovskia".

Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chinayamba kukula mdziko lonse lapansi, komabe, makamaka m'madera otentha ndi otentha.

Mitundu yambiri ya zosiyanasiyana Perovskiy ili ndi makhalidwe ake apadera:

• "Filigran": kutalika - kufika pa 90 cm, masamba a bluish, mthunzi wofiira maluwa, zosiyana - zowonjezera kukula ndi maluwa aatali;
• "Mbalame Yakuda": kukula - mpaka masentimita 120, masamba ofiira, buluu-violet maluwa, zizindikiro zosiyana - kusinthasintha kwa zimayambira, maluwa kuchokera theka lachiwiri la July mpaka m'dzinja;
• "Chizungu Choyera": maluwa okongola a buluu, chinthu chosiyana - maluwa oyambirira;
• "Lacey Blue": kutalika - 45-50 cm, maluwa kuyambira July mpaka autumn, mbali zosiyana - maluwa akuluakulu;
• "Longin": kutalika - 90-120 masentimita, zowonongeka za zimayambira, masamba obiriwira;
• "Superba": kutalika - kufika pa masentimita 120, masamba obiriwira, maluwa okongola a lilac, kukana ozizira - mpaka kufika madigiri 15 Celsius;
• "Taiga": kukula - 40-50 masentimita, kuwala kowala maluwa, maluwa - kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka October, mkulu wa chisanu kukana;
• "Silvery Blue": kutalika - mpaka masentimita 60, masamba a siliva, maluwa a mthunzi wa buluu, akuphulika kuchokera kumapeto kwa chilimwe kufika kumayambiriro kwa autumn;
• "Chochepa": kutalika - 45-75 masentimita, bluish-masamba ofiira, lilac maluwa ndi zovuta zowoneka buluu.

Zina mwa mitundu ya zomera ndizo malo awo okhala ndi mapiri a Pamir ndi Tien Shan: Perovskiy nornichnikovaya, opotoka kwambiri, nthambi zapande, perovskiy Kudryashova, Linchevsky ndi Bochantsev.

Werengani komanso phindu la mankhwala ndi udzu, komanso phunzirani kusiyanitsa zomera izi.

Kuswana

Zina mwa njira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti Perovskian ayambe kupitiriza ndi awa:

• mbewu;
• cherenkovogo (panthawi yomweyi ndi mbali zochepa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito).

Cuttings

Njira yobereketsa ndi yofala kwambiri pakulima mkulima wa chilengedwe.

1. Pofuna kudula, kumapeto kwa mapesi, amathira mapesi omwe amathyoledwa, komanso nthawi yobala zipatso - mbali ya chomera ndi chidutswa cha rhizome kapena apical.
2. Dothi lokhala bwino lomwe limakhala ndi chinyezi chisanayambe (makamaka mu wowonjezera kutentha) limakonzedwa kuti likhale ndi mizu yambiri, ndipo pogona ayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso kupewa mpweya wabwino.
3. Kupanga mizu kumachitika masabata awiri oyambirira (pafupifupi pa tsiku la 10-14), ndipo pokhapokha ataloledwa kudyetsa wachinyamata wazomerayo ndi mineral feteleza. Kulowa muzu kwathunthu kumapeto kwa mwezi - sabata lachisanu pambuyo pa inoculation.
4. Mbande imayikidwa muzitsulo zosiyana, kukumba pamtunda wa masentimita 50 wina ndi mzache, ndikuwona kukula kwa mbeu zoterezo.

Mbewu

1. Asanayambe nyengo yozizira kapena yamasika, mbewu zimabzalidwa poyera pansi (pambali yachiwiri, zikhoza kupyolera mu mbande).
2. Zisanayambe, ziyenera kukhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa nyengo yozizira (kuphatikizapo madigiri 4-5). Ndondomeko yotereyi imatchedwa stratification, ndipo cholinga chake chikufulumira kukula kwa mazira.
3. Kufesa akuya - masentimita 2-3 ndi katayidwe ka 50-70 masentimita.

Zomera zomwe zimachulukitsa kudzera mu mbewu zimadzera kutalika kwa msinkhu wawo mu chaka choyamba cha moyo wawo, ngakhale kuti khalidwe lachikhalidwe ndi nthawi ya maonekedwe a maluwa (monga lamulo, ili ndi chaka cha 3-5 kuchokera mutabzalidwa).

Mukudziwa? Udzu, makamaka perovskiy zonunkhira, umakhala wokoma kwambiri, ukudzikumbutsa wokha wa sitiroberi kuti umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu teas, zokonda mowa komanso zosamwa mowa, komanso maluwawo ali ndi chidwi chosiyana, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pamene akuphika saladi, kuphika ndi zokongoletsa monga zokometsera. ndi gawo losiyana.

Kusamalira Zomera

Zomwe zikuluzikulu za moyo wathanzi pakati pa nyengo yoyendera nyengo ziyenera kukhala malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa, okonzedwa bwino ndi nthaka yamchere (yosalimba), komanso malo ogonjera m'nyengo yozizira komanso kutsutsana ndi madzi ochulukirapo.

Kuthirira

Mitengo iyi imakhala yosasamala muyeso: iyenera kuthiriridwa pokhapokha ngati nyengo youma yayitali, kamodzi kokha izi zidzakhala zokwanira. Komabe, kuthirira, tiyenera kuyesetsa kuti tisagwere pa mphukira za zomera.

Chinyezi

Kawirikawiri, mtundu uliwonse wa chomera ichi wapangidwa kuti ukhale wouma komanso wouma bwino. Kuwombera kumapangitsa kuti ziwalo zawo komanso nthambi zisamakhale zolimba komanso zothandiza.

Chimodzi mwa zofunikira pa nthaka ndi gawo losalekerera ndi la alkaline la acidity, ndipo malo osungunuka omwe amachotsedwa malo ndifungulo loyenera kulumikiza a semi-shrub.

Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge momwe mungadziwire okha kukhala acidity wa nthaka pamalowa, komanso momwe mungasokonezere nthaka.

Kupaka pamwamba

Kupaka zovala kumadalira mtundu wa nthaka, ngati uli wachonde kapena wautali wobala, ndiye ukhoza kuchita popanda chakudya. Kuti mbeu ikhale yovuta kwambiri, nthaka imasowa mchere wambiri, kompositi kapena mafupa amathandiza kuti chitukuko ndi maluwa azikhala bwino.

Ndikofunikira! Mafuta a m'nthaka amakhudza perovskian chisanu kukana: muzitsamba izi nkhuni sizikula konse.

Mulching

Izi zimachitika nthawi iliyonse mutatha kudulira kapena kuti muteteze kwambiri nthaka chifukwa cha mvula yambiri mwa mawonekedwe a mvula kapena chisanu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pogwiritsa ntchito kompositi yovunda.

Kudulira

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, m'pofunika kudula zimayambira kuti zisinthike pamtunda wa masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri, pamene magawo odulidwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito polemba pamodzi. M'nyengo yozizira, mmalo mwake, iwo samakhudzidwa kuti apange chomeracho mosavutikira kupirira chimfine.

Pogona m'nyengo yozizira

Chomera chowawa cha perovskiy ndi cha zomera zokhala ndi chigawo chachisanu cha chisanu chotsutsa (mpaka kufika madigiri 28 Celsius). Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira, gawo lake lapafupi limayendetsedwa ndi mchenga ndi nkhuni phulusa ndi chiwerengero cha kapu imodzi ya phulusa mumtsuko wa mchenga ndipo ili ndi tsamba lakuda.

Mukudziwa? Zomera zimakhalanso ndi mankhwala apadera omwe sanaphunzirepo kale, ndipo mpaka lero kufufuza mwakhama kwachitika ku Pakistan ndi Iran. Ku Republic of Pakistan, mu mankhwala ochiritsira, Perovskia amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda opatsirana m'mimba, kupweteka kwa mutu, Dzino likundiwawa, kupweteka, kusanza ndi kunyoza, mtima ndi matenda opweteka, bronchus, chiwindi fibrosis, ndi ku Iran - matenda opatsirana a khungu (leishmaniasis).

Zowonjezera za Perovskia zili m'gawo lachinayi la chisanu-hardiness (zitha kulekerera chisanu mpaka madigiri 34 Celsius). Kusamalira kwachisanu kwa iye kuli ndi njira yomweyo.

Zitsanzo za kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo okongola

Mu horticulture, perovskies amagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa lavender ndi chitsamba chowawa ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala pa miyala ndi siliceous munda zowonongeka, zouma pamwamba pa malo otsetsereka.

Chifukwa cha kulekerera kwa chilala, amadziwikanso pogwiritsira ntchito zidazo. Kuwonekera bwino kwambiri kungatheke ngati muwabzala ochuluka pamtunda wa 60-70 masentimita pakati pawo. Kuyika kotereku m'munda kumapanga "mtundu wa buluu kapena fumbi".

Mitengo yamtengo wapatali ya siliva, yomwe imakongoletsedwera pamwamba ndi kuwala kowala, idzakhala chokongoletsa chenicheni cha munda wanu wa webusaiti. Oimira floristic zachilengedwe ndi maziko abwino kwa ena osatha chilala (echinacea, hyssop, serpenti, catnip, aster), komanso amalumikizana bwino ndi verbena, fennel, ndi zomera zobiriwira. Fungo lapadera limakopa agulugufe ndi tizilombo timene timayambitsa mungu, ndipo zowonongeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito osati m'nyengo yozizira maluwa komanso maluwa, komanso zodzoladzola ndi zophikira.

Monga lamulo, shrub iyi imasankhidwa ndi amateurs kuti apange zomveka zamakono pamunda wawo wam'munda ("mfundo", "chess", mitundu ina yowonongeka), komanso phazi la alpine kapena lalitali.

Mavuto akukula

Ndili ndi zomera izi palibe zovuta pakulima ndi kusamalira, chifukwa zimakhala zofanana ndizokha, kuyambira chilala kufikira chisanu chachikulu. Choncho, malamulo omwe amakhalapo nthawi zonse, kusamala ndi chitetezo ku tizirombo - malamulo oyenera kutsatira pakusankha perovskiy monga mlendo m'munda wanu.

Ndikofunikira! Mbali zonse za zomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zikhale zodzikongoletsera - popanga mafuta onunkhira ofunikira omwe ali ndi zigawo zoposa 40 zamtengo wapatali.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kukaniza matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, kuleza mtima kwakukulu kwa kusintha kwa kutentha ndi mpweya ku dziko lathu linakongoletsedwa kwa makolo ake, kumakula m'mapiri ndi m'chipululu.

Chifukwa cha mafuta ofunikira omwe ali m'magulu a zomera ndipo amamasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizimangowononga moyo wa Perovskii. Komanso, pansi pa chitetezo chawo chapadera palinso oimira oyandikana nawo a zomera zomwe zimakhala m'munda. Nthawi zambiri, mbali yake yakunja imatha kugwira aphid, ndipo mizu ikhoza kugwidwa ndi akangaude ndi whitefly.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungagwirire ndi kangaude ndi whitefly.

Kuwachotsa iwo kumathandiza ngati mankhwala ochizira (infusions wa adyo, masamba a phwetekere kapena sopo yankho), ndi kukonzekera kwakapadera.

Kawirikawiri, Perovskiy ndi chomera chodabwitsa, chodzichepetsa chimene chidzakhala chokongola kwambiri cha munda wanu.