Mbeu yabwino yomwe ili pansi pamtunda, yomwe imakhala yobiriwira - stapelia - sichimakopa kwambiri mpaka iyo imamasula. Ndiye chomera ichi chimakhudza mphamvu ziwiri panthawi imodzi: kuona ndi kununkhiza. Large (kuyambira 6 mpaka 30 cm mwake) maluwa - nmapeto angwiro a nyenyezi zojambulajambula - kukopa chidwi cha zowonongeka, zokongola komanso zosangalatsa fungo la kuvunda.
Zozizwitsa zotero sizomwe zimangokhala zachilengedwe, koma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, chifukwa m'madera ouma a Africa, omwe masitima afika pazenera zathu, pali tizilombo todwalitsa - ntchentche. Kukoka "alendo" oterewa kungangomva kugwa.
Ngakhale kuti malo okongola ndi otsutsana ndi onyansa, duwa la stapelia limakhala nalo okonda. Ku Uppsala (Sweden), Asclepias European Center ikugwira ntchito, ikugwirizanitsa mafani a mabokosi, ndipo awiriwo ku Hellevotsluis (Netherlands) ali ndi malo asanu ndi atatu omwe ali ndi zobiriwira zokongola.
M'chikhalidwe cha chipinda, stapelia ndi yokongola chifukwa kumusamalira iye ndi kophweka kwambiri, komanso m'chilimwe, panthawi ya maluwa, mukhoza kuyika pa khonde (izi zimathandiza kuti chomeracho chikhale chokha) ndi kuyamikira nyenyezi zonyansa mumlengalenga.
Mitundu
Nyenyezi yofiira nyenyezi
Ali ndi zobiriwira, nthawi zina ndi reddish tinge, tetrahedral tsinde ndi mano ochepa. Tsinde lifika kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Maluwa amapangidwa pansi pa achinyamata zimayambira. Kujambula zithunzi "nyenyezi" zofiira ndi zofiirira. Pansi pano pali mikwingwirima yachikasu yopapatiza. Mankhwala a pedicels ndi mbali zakunja zamkati amakhala ndi tsitsi lakuda ndi pinki tinge. Pali zosiyanasiyana popanda mikwingwirima yachikasu - nyani yonyezimira.
Zambiri ndi variegated (zosiyana)
Mphukira za mitundu iyi imakula mpaka masentimita 10. Tsinde ndi lobiriwira, nthawi zina lofiira-lobiriwira, lopindika bwino, limathamanga. Petals ndi otumbululuka chikasu, ndi makwinya pamwamba, lonse m'munsi, elegantly analozera kumapeto. Mabala ofiira a bulauni ndi mikwingwirima amabalalika pamtunda wachikasu.
Chimphona cha Stapelia
Wamphamvu, wowongoka, wobiriwira umatheka ndi mamita atatu masentimita kukula mpaka masentimita 20. Mphepete mwa mphukira imadulidwa, iwo amakhala ndi mano ochepa kwambiri. Pafupi pedicels, maluwa okongola kwambiri okhala ndi masentimita 35 otseguka. Mitundu yamitundu itatu yamtundu wachikasu imapanga ndi kukulitsa mpaka kumalekezero. Pamwamba pake pamakhala ndi tsitsi lofiira, ndipo m'mphepete mwake mumakula yaitali, tsitsi lopepuka. Kununkhira kwa maluwa amenewa sikunenedwa monga mitundu ina.
Stapelia Ferruginous
Mitengo ya zamoyozi imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 15. Mapiri a zimayambira ali osiyana, ndi otsika, omwe sapezeka amodzi. Mitundu iyi, mpaka maluwa atatu ang'onoang'ono akhoza kupanga pa pedicel imodzi yaitali. Pamphepete mwa chikasu cha chikasu cha pamphuno ndi mzere wobiriwira ndi mawanga; mpaka pamphepete mwawo mwakachetechete, wodzala ndi white villi ndi tsitsi.
Chosangalatsa kwambiri cha golide
Oimira zamoyozi ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Zimayambira ndi zobiriwira, nthawi zina zofiirira ndi zobiriwira, zomwe zimakhala ndi mbali zofiirira. "Nyenyezi" zazikulu zili pa mphukira zazing'ono, zimakhala ndi zitsamba zam'mimba ndi zowonongeka, zomaliza. Mbali yakunja ya chikasu ndi yowala, popanda pubescence; mbali yamkati ndi golide wachizungu, nthawi zina imakhala yofiira, yofiira, ndi tsitsi lalitali, lakuda. Zokongola - maluwa awa amamweka ngati sera yakufa.
Stapelia amasintha
Mawonedwe osakani Manyowa amphamvu kwambiri. Kutalika kwa zimayambira ndi masentimita 15. Maluwawo amakonzedwa pazitali zakutali, zokongoletsedwa ndi mapepala ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono atatu omwe amasonyezedwa kumapeto. Mafuta ndi madontho ndi mikwingwirima ndi achikasu, ndipo pamwamba pake amasandutsa bulauni.
Stapelia grandiflora (grandiflora) 
Mitundu ya mitundu imeneyi ndi yobiriwira kapena yobiriwira, tetrahedral, yokhala ndi pang'ono, mano ophimbidwa pang'ono. "Nyenyezi" zimawonekera zazikulu - mpaka 15-16 masentimita. Mphuno yamakono yowonjezereka imakhala yonyezimira kunja, mdima mkati mwake, maroon, pubescent ndi tsitsi lakuda, ndi cilia pamphepete.
Sungani zamasamba kunyumba
Kuunikira
Kufuna kuwala kwa Stapelia, amafunikira kuwala, koma makamaka kuwala kosiyana. Mawindo akuyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulozoyenera kwambiri pa zomwe zili. Kum'mwera kwa dzuwa m'nyengo yozizira, zidole zidzafunikira shading: yaitali kuwala kwambiri masamba a dzuwa zotentha pa zimayambira zake.
Kutentha
M'chilimwe, momwe akadakwanitsira kutentha - 22-26 madigiri. Pa nthawi imeneyi, chomeracho ndi chofunika kwambiri kuyika pa khonde, kusamala kuti mvula isagwe.
Nyengo yam'mawa ndi yophukira - nthawi yopumula, ndipo nthawi yachisanu yabwino ikhala kutentha kuchokera 12 mpaka 16 madigiri.
Nthaka ndi kubzala
Nthaka yabwino kwambiri ndi ndi mchenga wapamwamba. Mukhoza kutsanulira makala odulidwa mu nthaka yokonzedwanso ya cacti, kapena kusakaniza mchenga wotsukidwa mtsinje ndi dothi lokhala ndi 1: 2 chiŵerengero.
Pofika pamtunda ndi bwino kusankha chida chosaya: mizu siimakula kwambiri. Pansi pansi m'pofunika kutsanulira nsalu yaing'ono kapena miyala yowonjezera. Izi ngalande imadzaza gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphika.
Mutabzala masiku angapo mbeu musamamwe madzi.
Kuthirira
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi ngozi yaikulu kwa alendo a ku Africa. Chigumula chimakhudzidwa ndi bowa ndi kuvunda. Choncho, lamulo lalikulu la kuthirira - kuchepetsa.
Kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene kukula kumayamba, komanso m'nyengo ya chilimwe, panthawi yopanga mphukira zatsopano ndi maluwa, zamasamba ndizokhazikika, koma sizinthu zambiri, zimathirira pa nthaka yowuma.
Kugwa, kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira kumachepetsedwa kawiri pa mwezi, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, ngati kutentha kumatsimikiziridwa, madzi samapezeka kawirikawiri kamodzi kapena mwezi umodzi - kuti asamafe mphukira. Ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yofunda, madzi amayenera kukhala ochepa kwambiri.
Mpweya wambiri wa m'matangadza siukufunikira, umapititsa malo ozizira a zipinda zamzinda ndi kutentha kwakukulu.
Kupaka pamwamba
Za feteleza zopangidwa bwino kwambiri. zovuta kusakaniza kwa cacti. Kupaka zovala zapamwamba kumafunika kokha pa nthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa -nyengo ndi chilimwe, kawiri pa mwezi. Ndi kotheka kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta feteleza ku nyumba floriculture, koma zowonjezerazi ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri: yankho limakonzedwanso kawiri kapena katatu wofooka kuposa zomera zamba. Potaziyamu ndi yothandiza kwambiri - imapangitsa kukana kuvunda.
Owonjezera nayitrogeni feteleza ndi owopsa.
Maluwa
Iyo imamera m'chilimwe; Nthawi ya "mkokomo" umodzi wa maluwa nthawi zambiri imakhala masabata awiri. Zitsanzo zabwino zomwe zimakhala ndi mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe zimapatsa nyengo yozizira, pachimake chaka ndi chaka mpaka 2-3 nthawi pa nyengo.
Mapapu akhoza kutaya maluwa ndi masamba omwe alipo kale, ngati mukukonzanso kapena kusinthasintha. M'nthaŵi yonseyi, kunja kwa nthawi ya maluwa ndi budding, ndi bwino kutulutsa mphika kotero kuti zimayambira kukula mofanana komanso osapendaponda kwambiri polowera.
Kuti onetsetsani kuti pachimake cha masitolo, nkofunika kusunga malamulo ofunika kukonza: zokwanira, zowala, zosiyana; nthaka yotayirira yokhala ndi mchenga; chonchi; kuchepetsa nayitrogeni wokhutira mu feteleza.
Fungo 
Kukongola kokongola kwa maluwa kukuphatikizidwa ndi fungo losasangalatsa. Pano pali mitundu yonse ya zokometsera zowonongeka ndi zowola: kuchoka ku nyama kuti ikhale yovunda. Chokhachokha ndi stapelia golide-wofiira, yemwe ali ndi kukoma kwa wax.
Mwamwayi, maluwa amapezeka m'chilimwe komanso maluwa ochititsa chidwi kwambiri "nyenyezi", kuti apindule ndi kuthetsa mlimi wamkulu, akhoza (ndipo ayenera) valani khonde. Ntchentche zowonongeka, zokopa ndi fungo losangalatsa, sizizengereza kucheka.
Kukula ndi kuika
Nthambi zimachokera kumunsi kwa mapesi kupopera kumapitirira; Zotsatira zake, zowonjezera zimayambira pakati. Nyumbayi imakhala moyo zaka makumi angapo. Poganizira kuti mphukira zazing'ono zimangokhala pachimake, chigawo chapakati chazitali zimayambira kubwezeretsanso, kudula mphukira yakale pa cuttings.
Kuika pachaka kumafunika kwa achinyamata okha. Ali ndi zaka, amafunika kubzalidwa kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri, zakale zimatha kuthetsa dothi lokhala ndi nthaka yatsopano.
Kuswana
Stapelia imafalitsidwa ndi cuttings ndi mbewu.
Ndi tsamba lakuthwa kudula mbali ya tsinde. Mfundo zadula zingaperekedwe ndi mafuta a malasha. Mitengoyi imakhala yowuma kwa maola angapo, kenako imabzalidwa mchenga kapena nthaka yochepa kwambiri yosakaniza mchenga ndi peat crumb.Mphukira imapezeka mwamsanga. Kenaka slipway yatsopano imatha kuikidwa mu mphika waung'ono wopanda nthaka yowonjezera. Zomera zomwe zimakula kuchokera ku cuttings zimasunga zizindikiro za mitundu ya amayi oyambirira.
Chipatso cha zipatso chaka chonse. Mbewu zofesedwa mu nthaka yochenga mchenga. Iwo ali mphukira pafupi mwezi. M'tsogolomu, pamene zikukula, mbande zimabzalidwa m'magawo osiyana ndi malo omwe amapezeka m'matangadza. Pa nthawi yobereka mbeu, kusakanizidwa nthawi zambiri kumachitika, kugawidwa kwa zilembo ndi zitsanzo zazing'ono, monga lamulo, zimasiyana mosiyana ndi maonekedwe oyambirira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Stapelia Kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Kwa iwo, kumwa madzi mopitirira muyeso n'koopsa, makamaka kutentha - ndiye zomera zimatha kuvunda.
Madzi otsekemera ndi poizoni wa tizilombo zambiri. Khalani pa izo zokha mphutsi, nyerere kapena nsabwe za m'masamba. Njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera "alendo" oterewa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zoyenera tizilombo. Nthawi zina chimbudzi chimachoka pamphuno mobwerezabwereza. Pankhaniyi, pofuna kusunga slipway, nkofunika kuti muzuke phesi lake labwino, ndi kuwononga ena onse, kuti asungitse mphika ndikusamba zenera bwino.
Ngati mukutsatira mfundo zofunika, zosavuta, malamulo othandizira kusungira - kuwala, kuthirira moyenera, mchenga, nthaka yochepa yokhala ndi nthaka, youma yozizira yozizira, - Chomera chidzakhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yayitali, kupereka ana ambirimbiri komanso pachimake chaka chilichonse, kuphatikizapo chokongola kwambiri ndi chokhumudwitsa kwambiri.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi zambiri zazomwezi zikuwoneka pansipa:
