Pakati pa zosiyanasiyana m'nyumba zomera, Chaka ca desert saleka kutchuka pakati pa okonda maluwa.
Amayi ambiri amawona kuti ndi zomera zabwino zowonjezera kumudzi.
Iwo ndi odzichepetsa, musafunike kusamalira nthawi, kukopa maonekedwe osadabwitsa komanso okongola (ngakhale osakhala) maluwa. Mosakayikira, Ferocactus akuyenerera chidwi chapadera.
Chiyambi ndi makhalidwe a mtunduwo
Motherland zomera - North America. Amaperekanso ku Mexico, South ndi South America, Queretaro, California, Oaxaca ndi madera ena.
Dzina lake limachokera ku liwu la Chilatini. feruszikutanthauziridwa kutanthauza chiyani "zakutchire", "zovuta".
Ndi chipululu, chotchedwa thermophilic, chozungulira, chodzaza ndi minga. Amakhala ndi nthiti zapamwamba, zitsulo zolunjika ndi zowongoka.
Maluwa a kukula kwakukulu, ndi chubu lalifupi, mithunzi yosiyana. Chomeracho chimasinthidwa kuti chikhale chouma, nyengo yozizira, ikhoza kupita popanda madzi kwa nthawi yaitali.
Mitundu
Mu chikhalidwe cha kunyumba, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ferocactus yakula. Dziwani otchuka kwambiri.
Ferocus Wamaso
Mafananowo: Latispinus, "Chilankhulo cha Mdyerekezi". Amakhala ndi tsinde lalikulu, pafupifupi masentimita 35 m'mimba mwake. Maluwa a pinki.
Mipira yolimba 15-20 zidutswa. Zina zinayi zapakati. Mmodzi wa iwo akuwongolera kumapeto mu mawonekedwe a ndowe. 7-10 mphutsi zakuda.
Ford Ferocactus
Ili ndi tsinde lakuda, lozungulira ndi nthiti 20. Mvula yamdima imakhala yowala, yotumbululuka, yayitali, pafupifupi zidutswa 15.
Pakatikati pazitsamba zimagwedezeka, Zidutswa 4-7wofiira imvi. Maluwawo ndi ofiirira.
Ferocactus Wamphamvu
Wokwanira oimira wamkulu. Amapanga gulu la ziwerengero zingapo mpaka mamita 1 m'litali ndi mamita atatu m'lifupi. Nthiti eyiti.
Chiwerengero ndi utali wa spines zingasinthe. Maluwa ndi ofiira achikasu, aang'ono.
Ferocactus
Kutalika kwa tsinde lakuya ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi mamita 30-35 cm.
Cactus imakopa chidwi chifukwa chazitali kwambiri pakati pa banja lonse - 20-27 masentimita yaitali, bulauni-chikasu, pinki kumapeto. Maluwa ndi achikasu.
Ferocactus Cylindrical kapena Asanthic
Mapesi okhaokha, pafupifupi mamita atatu pamwamba ndi 50 masentimita awiri.
Amakhala ndi nthiti zolunjika 30, ogawanika m'magawo a tubercles.
Mapiritsi apakati angapangidwe kukula, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu, nthawi zambiri amatambasulidwa, kumangiriridwa pamapeto, kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita.
Maluwa ndi lalanje, wachikasu.
Ferocactus Imeri
Tsinde ndi 1.5 mamita wamtali, ndi nthiti zazing'ono. Mmera wawung'ono uli ndi ma tubercles pa nthiti zake.
Mphepete zam'munsi 5-8, pakatikati, molunjika, pamphuno, 8 cm masentimita, mtundu ukhoza kukhala woyera kapena wofiira.
Maluwa ndi ofiira ndi mawanga achikasu.
Ferocactus Porcupine
Osatha ndi tsinde lakuda buluu ndi tsinde makumi awiri ndi zinayi zomwe zimaphimbidwa ndi ma spikes a bulauni. Maluwawo ndi ofuula, osakwatiwa, 3-3.5 masentimita, ndi kamaluwa kakang'ono ka chubu, amapangidwa m'chilimwe. Petals ndi achikasu.
Chithunzi
Pansi pa chithunzichi amasonyeza oimira a cactus banja Ferocactus:
Kusamalira kwanu
Chomeracho chimakhala ndi chisamaliro chovuta. Kwa ichi, nthawi zambiri amakulira kukula ngati maluwa.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mutagula
Musanagule, muyenera nthawi yomweyo kusamala kugula mphika wabwino ndi gawo lapansi. Mu sitolo, maluwa ali m'sitima yosungirako yosakhalitsa yomwe si yoyenera kulima.
- mphika sankhanipo kukula kwakukulu kale;
- gawo lapansi ndi bwino kugula wapadera, yokonzedwera kwa zokoma ndi cacti. Mukhoza kupanga nthaka, Kusakaniza tsamba ndi masamba ndi zofananaMwa kuwonjezera njerwa zosweka zimapangira madzi, mchenga, mchenga;
- panthawi yopatsirana, musaiwale kuyendera mizu. Ayenera kukhala wathanzi, wamphamvu.
Kuunikira
Kunyumba kumafunika kulenga zinthu zabwino.
Malo abwino kwambiri ndi kum'mwera moyang'ana mawindo.
Patsiku la mitambo, akulimbikitsidwa kusamalira chitsimikizo china.
M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuyang'aniranso kuunikira kwina.
Kutentha
Spring ndi chilimwe - zolimbitsa ndi zotentha, Madigiri 20-26. M'nyengo yozizira, yachepetsedwa 12-15 madigiri.
Pa masiku otentha a chilimwe, mukhoza kutenga maluwa panja.
Maluwawo amadziwa kutentha kwambiri.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Zowonjezera zowonjezera sizikufunika. Ndibwino kuti tipezere duwa ndi madzi pokhapokha patentha kuti tithe kuphulika ndi kugogoda fumbi.
Kuthirira
Spring ndi chilimwe amafunika kuthirira moyenera.. Chinthu choperewera chiyenera kuyanika bwino pakati pa madzi.
Mphuno ya mthunzi ndi yoopsa kwa zomera ndipo ikhoza kuwonongera mizu. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kwaimitsidwa.
Madzi osefukira sangagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ziyenera kukhala kutentha kutentha ndipo onetsetsani kuti mumakhala maola 20-24.
Feteleza
Mu chilengedwe, duwa limakula pa nthaka yatha mu zakudya. Iye akhoza kuchita popanda kuvala.
Alimi ena amaluwa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, koma sangagwiritsidwe ntchito kamodzi pamwezi komanso kasupe ndi chilimwe.
Maluwa
Zimabwera m'chilimwe. Panthawiyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwonjezere kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira ndikusintha malo a mphika.
Kuwaza
Mitengo yaing'ono imaikidwa tsiku lililonse masika, komanso akuluakulu monga momwe akufunira (pafupifupi kamodzi zaka 2-3).
Ferocactus ndi ofunika kusintha kwazomwe zimapangidwira ndipo zimatha kukhala ndi perebalivat patapita nthawi yaitali.
Kuswana
Kwa kuswana ntchito cuttings kapena mbewu.
Osavuta kuchita izo njira yoyamba. Cuttings musanadzale pang'ono zouma kwa masiku awiri. Kenaka anaika mphika wodzazidwa ndi makala, mchenga kapena dothi lowonjezera.
Phimbani pamwamba ndi mtsuko wa galasi, zomwe zidzakhazikitsa nyengo yotentha mpaka mpaka muzuzidwe. Kamodzi pa tsiku, botolo limachotsedwa, mpweya wabwino komanso wothira (ngati kuli kofunikira).
Ndi liti mizumukhoza kupitirira malo.
Mbeu yobereketsa ndi yovuta komanso yowonjezera nthawi.
Poyambirira, amaikidwa mu chophimba ndipo amasiyira sauvu ndi madzi kwa maola 24. Mbewu idzaphulika, imatsegulidwa mwamsanga ndipo idzaphuka.
Musanabzala, gawo lapansilo ndilopanda komanso limatetezedwa. Mbewu imayikidwa pamwamba pa substrate ndi kuwaza.
Mphamvu yotsekedwa ndi galasi kapena filimu.
Pambuyo pa masabata 4, mphukira idzawonekera.
Pambuyo pake, mphika umatsegulidwa ndikuikidwa pawindo. Patapita kanthawi akhoza kukhala pansi.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Ferocactus ili ndi chitetezo chabwino. Mavuto amangochitika pokhapokha ngati palibe chithandizo cholakwika.
- Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi nthawi zambiri kumatsogolera kuoneka kovunda. Ndikofunika kuzindikira matendawa m'kupita kwa nthawi, ndikusintha maluwa mu chidebe chatsopano ndi gawo lapansi.
Mizu imatsukidwa bwino, itayidwa komanso imatetezedwa ndi tizilombo tochepa potassium permanganate.
- Muzitali, chipinda chotentha maluwa akhoza aphid. Ikusonkhanitsidwa pamodzi ndi nsonga ya pulogalamu ya thonje, mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa, zothandizidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
- Adani oopsa chifukwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mealybug ndi scalefish. Kuthamanga kwa chomera ndi kukonzekera kophatikizidwa ndi mkuwa kuli ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Mukhozanso kupanga mbeu mowa swabs.
Ferocactus kwa nthawi yaitali inakopa chidwi cha olima maluwa. Anagwirizana ndi chikondi chachilendo, chachilendo, chisamaliro chodzichepetsa, maluwa okongola.
Ngati mupereka chomera chanu ndi chisamaliro chanukwa nthawi yaitali zidzakhala zenizeni chokongoletsa cha nyumba yamakono.
