Mphesa Laura kapena Flora - ndi imodzi mwa matebulo okondedwa kwambiri, omwe amadziwika ndi zokolola zambiri komanso kukoma kwake kwa zipatso ndi pang'ono kukhudza nutmeg.
Zapadera katundu wa zosiyanasiyana ndizitali yaitali alumali moyo mutatha kukolola, zabwino transportability ndi nthawi yaitali kuteteza mwachindunji pa tchire.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Laura ndi mbewu ya tebulo ya mtundu wobiriwira.. Pamwamba zipatso zimaphimbidwa ndi white pruine.
Mitundu ya mapepala imaphatikizapo Dubovskiy pinki, Karmakod ndi Lily wa Valley.
Laura mphesa: kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana
Mphukira imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa msinkhu, kukula kwakukulu tchire. Mtengo wa mphukira zowonjezera kuyambira 60 mpaka 80% ya chiwerengerocho.
Magulu a mawonekedwe a conical, kulemera kwa pafupifupi oposa 1 makilogalamu, okwanira - kufika pa 2.5 makilogalamu. Kutalika kumafika masentimita 40. Kulemera kwake kungakhale kotayirira kapena sing'anga.
Mtundu wa maluwa a maluwa ndi mphamvu ya mbewu yonse umakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa masamba. Pakati pa chitsamba, masango ofanana omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala, amasiyana mosiyana ndi wina ndi mzake kukula ndi kulemera kwake.
Masamba samatchulidwa mawonekedwe asanu, mapeto amadulidwa, mtundu wa kunja ndi wobiriwira.
Mavitaminiwa ndi ovunda, oblong kapena ozungulira, kulemera kwake kumakhala kosiyana ndi 7 mpaka 10 g.Katalika kufika 3-4 masentimita.
Kukula kungapitirire patsogolo pa malo amtali, omwe amachepetsa zokomazo ndikuwonjezeranso nthawi yakucha. Berry amamangiriridwa bwino ku tsinde, sagwera kwa nthawi yaitali.
Thupi ndi crispy, lamphamvu. Ali ndi kukoma kokoma ndi zakudya zamtundu wa nutmeg, ndipo ndiyene pakati pa asidi ndi shuga. Kuchuluka kwa shuga - kuchokera 20%, asidi - 6-8 g pa lita imodzi.
Kukoma kwa chipatso kumachepa ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwa dothi ndi mpweya, makamaka motsatira nyengo ya nyengo yozizira, komanso kukhalapo kwa katundu wamtali. Mbewu ndi zazikulu komanso zovuta.
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Laura - ubongo wa IVI m'malo mwake V.E. Tairovaili ku Odessa. Mtundu wosakanizidwa, Husayne, Muscat de Saint Valle, Mfumukazi ya Tairov, Muscat wa Hamburg (mtundu wosakaniza wa mungu) adagwira nawo ntchito.
Ku Ukraine State Register yolembedwa pansi Flora.
Zina mwa zokololazo ndizoyenera kuzindikira mitundu ngati Gordey, Rumba, Valek ndi Timur.
Chithunzi
Zithunzi za mphesa "Laura":
Makhalidwe, nthawi yakucha ndi oyendetsa mungu
Kodi Laura mphesa amabala liti? Nthawi yakucha ya Laura mphesa ikuyambira, kuyambira masiku 110 mpaka 120 kuchokera nthawi yopanga mazira.
Kishmishi 342, Julian ndi Muscat ndi oyera.
Zowonjezera zowonjezera za Laura mphesa ndizo mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana monga: Arcadia, Kishmishi yofiira, Rusbol, chifukwa Laura amawonedwa kuti ndi osiyana ndi akazi.
Laura mphesa ndi mitundu yambiri yobala zipatso, yomwe imayamba kubala chipatso pambuyo pa zaka zingapo kuchokera nthawi yobzala. Ndi chitsamba chimodzi chachikulu mukhoza kutenga makilogalamu 40 a zipatso. Mtolo waukulu pa shrub umachepetsa zokoma za chipatsocho.
Pambuyo kucha, mphesa za mphesa sizikhoza kugwa kwa nthawi yaitali, zimakhalabe pamphesa. Kukhazikika kwa zipatso kumakhala kosungika nthawi yaitali pa tchire.
Kukaniza kuzizira ndibwino, Flora akhoza kupirira mpaka 22-23 ° chisanu.
Chinthu chapadera ndi kulekerera kwa gibberelin, komwe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa sultanas. Ku Laura, motsogoleredwa ndi zipatso zake, zipatsozo zimatalika ndipo zimataya mbewu zawo.
Laura amadziwika kuti ali ndi vuto lopweteka kwambiri, ndipo amatsutsana ndi mapulogalamu atatu. Kuchokera ku oidium sikutetezedwa.
Osati zipatso zosweka. Bweretsani mwamtendere. Zokongola kwambiri ndi masitima, amasankha wamtali. Cuttings zizuke mwamsanga ndi mosavuta.
Kubzala, kukula ndi kusamalira
Kodi ndi zochitika ziti zomwe munthu akulima kuti Laura amugwire ndi chikondi chake?
- Tikufika.
Dothi lokhala ndi dothi ndi salt, komanso ndi madzi omwe ali pansi pamtunda, si abwino. Kuzama kwa zochitika zawo ziyenera kukhala
oposa 1 mamita.Lora zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa bwino m'madera akum'mwera. Akakulira kumpoto ndi kumwera kwa mphesa ayenera kuikidwa m'madera omwe dzuwa limateteza komanso kuteteza ku ma drafts. Ndi bwino kukhala ndi munda wamphesa pafupi ndi mipanda yolimba kapena makoma. Malo awa ayenera kuunikiridwa tsiku lonse ndi dzuwa.
Kum'mwera, kutsika kumayambira, kuyambira mwezi wa Oktoba ndi kutha mwezi wa March, m'malo ozizira - kumapeto kwa nyengo, pambuyo pa kutentha kwa 16-17 °.
Laura amabzalidwa ndi zipatso zowonjezeredwa kapena zowonjezera molingana ndi chiwembu 1.5 × 1.5, tulukani mu mpanda kupita mtunda wa masentimita 50. Sakanizani nthaka yobzala ndi fetereza zamchere zomwe zimakhala ndi potassium, nitrogen, phosphorous.
- Kuthirira.
Chovomerezeka, chokhazikika ndi chosatha. Kutentha, kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kuchulukitsa kwa madzi, mumadzi ozizira komanso ozizira musamamwe madzi. Kawirikawiri kachitsamba kakang'ono kamakhala ndi ndowa zitatu za madzi okwanira, wamkulu - zidebe 6.
Zimalimbikitsidwa kuthirira osati pansi pa chitsamba, koma m'mitsuko yokonzedwa bwino. Amakumba kukula kwa chitsambacho, akukwera mamita awiri kuchokera kumunsi. Izi zimachokera ku zenizeni za mizu, zomwe sizingatenge madzi mwachindunji pansi pa bole.
M'chaka ndi m'dzinja, dziko lapansi limasungunuka kuti lisunge chinyezi mkati. Kompositi yowonjezeredwa imapanga zodabwitsa. Kwa chilimwe, mulch amachotsedwa kuti mizu isagwirizane.
- Kupaka pamwamba.
Nthawi zonse, koma pamakhala zochepa. Laura amafunikira zinthu - phosphorous, magnesium, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni.
- Kudulira.
Zaka 2-3 zoyambirira za moyo Lora chitsamba sichidulidwa. Pambuyo pake, ndondomekoyi imapangidwa m'dzinja. Amadula mphukira zonse zowonongeka, zouma komanso zokayikitsa, komanso zowonjezereka.
Kawirikawiri, zimalimbikitsidwa kusiya 3-4 masewera opulumuka, kenako adzayamba kukula ndi kukula. Osatengedwera ndi kudulira - Laura amakhudzidwa bwino ndi izi ndipo amasiya kukula kwa nthawi yaitali.
Pa shrub imodzi yokhwima mpaka masamba 50 amaloledwa, koma kuchuluka koteroko kumapangitsa zipatso ndi masango kugaya. Ndalama yabwino kwambiri ndi masango 24-28. Iwo amapangidwa kuchokera ku maso ang'onoting'ono pa mphukira.
Kukonza ndiko kotheka pakati kapena pfupi.
- Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.
Ndikofunika kuphimba Laura ngati kutentha m'nyengo yozizira kudumpha pansi pa 15 °. Tchire ting'onoting'ono tingathe kuphimbidwa ndi dothi, ndipo okhwima ambiri akhoza kubzalidwa ndi udzu, udzu kapena mulch. Musagwiritse ntchito zipangizo zoipa zopuma.
Isabella, Crystal ndi Marcelo amafunikanso malo okhalamo oyenera m'nyengo yozizira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Zinyama zosiyanasiyana Laura sizingatheke kuwonongeka, matendawa sagwidwa, chifukwa ndi osagonjetsedwa.
Choopsa chachikulu ndi oidium, chomwe Laura alibe chitetezo konse. Pofuna kupewa matenda, yambani kukonza bwinobwino njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kulimbana ndi oidium ndi matenda ena a fungus ntchito:
- Sulfure kukonzekera. Mutha kupopera tchire ndi colloid kapena mungu wochokera pansi pa nthaka;
- Njira yothetsera potanganamu permanganate ya anthu ambiri. Ziyenera kukhala zojambula mu mtundu wabwino wa pinki;
- Mullein kulowetsedwa;
- Mankhwala - Topsin M, Caratan, Rubigan, Bayleton.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, n'zotheka kuchita mankhwala osokoneza bongo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Bordeaux, vitriol ya iron ndi nitrafen.
Musaiwale za kupewa zoterezo mphesa matenda monga chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella, anthracnose ndi khansa ya bakiteriya. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi izi zikufotokozedwa m'nkhani zosiyana pa tsamba lathu.
Pamwamba shuga zimakhudza os.
Choncho, Laura ayenera kutetezedwa ku kuukiridwa kwawo pogwiritsa ntchito ukonde. Kukulunga gulu lirilonse, pirira.
Pafupi ndi munda wamphesa, amatha kukhala ndi misampha ndi nyambo, pogwiritsira ntchito boric acid ndi antophosphorous monga dichlorvos ndi karbofos monga wothandizira poizoni.
Zina mwa tizilombo towononga zomwe timakonda kudya Laura, mungathe kuzipeza Ntchentche, zoweta, migodi ya migodi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsomba za golide, udzudzu, utitiri wambiri, mealybugs ndi thrips.
Mitundu ina ya mbalame sizimafuna kudya zokoma zokometsera Laura zipatso, choncho zimalimbikitsa kuphimba mphesa ndi nsomba za polymeric zipangizo kapena zitsulo zosakaniza.
Zipatso zokoma, kuchuluka kwa zokolola, osati kusamalidwa kovuta, zofuna zochepa pazomwe zikukula, kukana kuzizira - zonsezi zimapanga Laura mmodzi wa mitundu yokondedwa kwambiri, onse odziwa bwino komanso olima.
Velika, Krasa Balka ndi Ataman akhoza kudzitamandira kukoma mtima kwakukulu.
