Mbande ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri masiku ano, ndipo mabuluni am'madera ambiri ndi osowa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, tchire zogulidwa zimazika mizu movuta kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kugula mizu 1-2, kenako ndikukula bwino, ndikufalitsa, nthawi zina ngakhale mbewu, kuti muthe kupeza mabulosi omwe angapatse banja lonse mavitamini. Kuphatikiza apo, kukulira mbande ndi mabulosi abulu ndi lingaliro labwino kwambiri labizinesi.
Kufalikira kwa Blueberry ndi odulidwa
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yodula ma cutits ndi khumi omaliza a June mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Julayi, akuphatikiza, pomwe zophukira za pachaka sizinadziwikebe. Mwambowu ukhoza kuphatikizidwanso ndi kupukusa chitsamba chamdera. Dulani nthambi zazing'ono, zokulitsa korona.
Nthambi zokhala ndi theka zokhala ndi masamba angapo zimadulidwa
Pa mphukira iliyonse, chotsani masamba obiriwira. Gawani zina zonse muzidula ndi ma 2 internodes. Dulani masamba onse pansi, ingosiyani awiri apamwamba ndikudula pakati. Dulani lamunsi la chogwirira likhale lakuthwa, ndipo bevel mbali inayo kuchokera kukula kwa tsamba lotsikira.
A - kwa odulidwa amatenga mbali yapakati panthambi. B - kudula kumachitika pang'onopang'ono osati kufananirana ndi kukula kwa pepalalo. B - kuchitira zodulidwa ndi wothandizila mizu. G - mapesi a mabulosi obzala amabzala mu gawo lotayirira komanso acidic
Dothi lopukutira moyenerera liyenera kukhala ndi pH ya acidic 4 mpaka 5. Mbewuyi idapangidwa: humus, kompositi, manyowa komanso ngakhale dothi wamba la m'munda, chifukwa ali ndi acidic komanso kusalowerera ndale. Gawo laling'ono limatha kupangidwa ndi peat, mchenga wamtsinje, zinyalala zamtundu wamtambo ndi zoumbika zowombera paliponse.
Musanadzalemo, gwiritsitsani mapesi onse muzu wopanga mizu (Kornevin, Heterouxin, Epin, Ecogel ndi ena). Bzalani m'mabokosi m'mizere (5x10 cm) kapena m'miphika yosiyasiyana, pofinyira phesi. Mizu yoyambira ikuyenera kuchitika pakunyentchera komanso kutentha kwambiri. Konzani mini-wowonjezera kutentha kapena hotbed. Masamba achichepere akayamba kukula pamadulidwe, wowonjezera kutentha amatha kuwulutsa, ndipo patatha sabata atachotsedwa kwathunthu. Mukugwa, mwezi umodzi chisanu chisanachitike, mbande zokhazikitsidwa kumalo osatha.
Kanema: Kukolola ndikudula
Kuchulukitsa mwa kuyika patali
Chapakatikati kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, sankhani nthambi zamphamvu komanso zosinthika zomwe zitha kuyikidwa pansi. Ngati ndizotheka kuti mungomanga ndi ma arc, ndiye kuti mmera uzikhala umodzi wokhala ndi mizu m'malo wokhudzana ndi nthaka, ndipo ngati mutha kukumba nthambi zambiri, ndiye kuti tikhala tchire zingapo. Njira yosavuta kwambiri komanso yodalirika ndiyo kufalitsa ma buluku okhala ndi matayala opingasa:
- Yeserani pa nthambi pamalo omwe mukufuna kukumba, ndikupanga poyambira pansi (masentimita 5-7) pansi.
- Kokani mbali yomwe nthambi idzalumikizana ndi nthaka, osachepera ndi chala cham'manja ndikunyowa ndi kukonzekera komwe kumakulitsa mapangidwe a mizu.
- Phatikiza nthambi pansi ndi maopu amagetsi ndikuwaza ndi lapansi. Ngati nthambi siyabwino, imakutidwa ndi arc ndipo ikakumana ndi nthaka malo amodzi, mutha kuyimenya ndikuphwanya ndi njerwa kapena mwala. Mulimonsemo, pamwamba pa nthambi yozika mizu kuyenera kukhala kunja, pamwamba pa nthaka.
- Sungani nthaka nthawi zonse.
- Chotsatira cham'mawa, mutha kukumba nthambi yathu, kudulapo chitsamba ndikuchigawa mbewu. Koma malinga ndi zomwe olima wamaluwa, zimadziwika kuti nthambi za mizu ya blueberries ziyenera kudikirira zaka 2-3.
Kanema: Kukula ndi kukumba ndi kuyala kwamiyala
Kufalikira kwa mabulosi amizu ndi mizu
Mitundu ina ya mabulosi abulu, ngati rasipiberi, imaphuka mizu. Amapangidwa patali pafupifupi 30 cm kuchokera pachitsamba chachikulu. Ndikwabwino kupatula mbandezi mchaka kuti zitheke kukhala ndi nthawi yozika bwino m'malo atsopano. Chovuta kwambiri ndikudula bwino kapena kudula muzu waukulu wolumikiza chitsamba ndi mphukira yachinyamata. Palibe, musatambule mphukira. Kukumba mozungulira, mumvereni mkatimo ndikuudula. Samutsani mmera pamalo osatha kapena malo chidebe chomera.
Kanema: Nthambi ya mmera wakula kuchokera muzu
Mbewu ya Blueberry
Kubereka mbewu ndi njira yosangalatsa, komanso nthawi yambiri:
- Mbewu zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa mumzinda wanu, zolembedwa pa intaneti, ndikukolola nokha kuchokera ku zipatso zomwe muli nazo kapena kugula pamsika.
- Nthaka - asidi peat, imathanso kusakanikirana ndi mchenga wopota ndi zowola utuchi. Mapiritsi a Peat ndiabwino.
- Kufesa masiku ndiosavuta kuwerengetsa. Stratization for blueberries imatha mpaka masiku 90, ndikofunikira kupeza mbande m'mwezi wa Marichi, dzuwa litayamba kuwalitsa bwino mawindo athu. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyamba kugwira ntchito ndi nthangala za mabulosi abulu kumayambiriro kwa Disembala.
- Kubzala kumachitika kwambiri popanda kuzama. Mbewu za Blueberry ndizochepa kwambiri, mbande sizikhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kudutsa ngakhale panthaka yotayirira. Nyowetsani gawo lapansi musanafesere, ngati muchithirira madzi, madziwo amakoka mbewuzo mozama. Mutha kubzala m'mabokosi ambewu m'mizere kapena iliyonse payokha piritsi kapena galasi.
- Phimbani mbewuzo ndi kapu kapena kuzikulunga mu thumba la pulasitiki ndikuyika pashefu lakumunsi kwafiriji kwa miyezi itatu. Kamodzi pa sabata, ndikofunikira kuchotsa, kupuma ndi, ndipo ngati pakufunika, phatikizani.
- Mu Marichi, sinthani mbewu kuti zikhale zowala komanso zotentha. Pambuyo pa masabata 1-3, mphukira zimayenera kuonekera. Kukula ngati mbande wamba. Koma musaiwale kutenga dothi lapadera la acidic kuchokera ku peat kwa madzi popanda kuwonjezera lapansi, humus ndi zina zomwe timazidziwa.
Blueberry mbewu ndi gawo lotayirira
Kanema: Malamulo a stratization mufiriji ndi m'munda pansi pa chisanu
Kufalitsa kwa Microclonal kwa blueberries
Mbande za chubu zoyesa zikuwonekera kale m'masitolo athu. Kuphatikiza apo, gulu lankhondo lamaluwa likukula, podziwa chomwe kuphatikizika ndi momwe mbewu zimapangira. Kuchulukitsa kwa Microclonal ndiko kubzala kwa mmera kuchokera pachidutswa cha tinthu timene. Nthawi zambiri apical meristems amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Maselo awo amagawanika mwachangu ndikuwatsogolera pakupitilira kwamasamba, masamba, maluwa.
Zomera zopezeka ndi njira ya microclonal - kuchokera pachidutswa cha minofu
Ngati nkotheka kwa eni minda wamba kuti azikula kuchokera kumadulidwe kapena mphukira, njirayi imawoneka yopanda nzeru, yovuta komanso yodula. Pamafunika zida zama labotale ndi yankho la michere, komanso mbewu iyi. Ndipo ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire bwino momwe zinthu ziliri komanso kuwunika kokwanira. Atakulitsa vitro, mbewu amazolowera zinthu zabwinobwino, zosakhala zosabala.
Komabe, ukadaulo uwu umakupatsani mwayi kuti mupeze mbande masauzande kuchokera ku nthambi imodzi, ndipo mwamtheradi wathanzi ndikubwereza zonse zomwe zimomera. Njira yofalitsira zofalitsa ikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi; ndizosangalatsa kwa obereketsa ndi makampani omwe akugulitsa ntchito yobzala.
Kanema: Ubwino wa kufalikira kwa microclonal ndi magawo ake akuluakulu
Ma Blueberries amadziwika kuti ndiye mabulosi olimbikitsa pantchito. M'mayiko ambiri, chimakula pamalonda. Mwachitsanzo, ku Belarus, malo obzalidwa ndi mahekitala 500, minda yoposa 100 ikuchita kuswana. Ogwira ntchito ku Belarus amatha kugula mitundu yayitali ndi mitundu yapadera, mwachitsanzo, ndi zipatso zoyera.
Kanema: Kuswana mabulosi ku Belarus
Kubzala Blueberry ndi ntchito yabwino. Popeza mudagula mbande ziwiri za mitundu itatu, mutha kukulitsa mitengo yonse yazipatso, yomwe ikufunika kwambiri pamsika. Njira zodziwika kwambiri zofalikira ndizodula ndi magawo, ndipo mabizinesi akuluakulu amatengera njira ya microclonal.
