Pennisetum ndi wokongola wamuyaya wa banja la phala. Adzapatsa duwa losalala komanso airness. Munthu wokongola wokhala kumadera otentha komanso otentha kwambiri ku Africa ndi Europe. Amadziwikanso ndi dzina loti Cirrus.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Pennisetum ndi chomera chamtundu wa thermophilic. Kutalika kwake kumayambira cm 15-130. Amakula msanga kukhala nkhokwe, zopendekeka. Zowongoka, zowala popanda kanthu. Imaphimbidwa ndi tsitsi, lomwe limapangitsa kuti pakhale kupindika. Pansi pa kulemera kwa inflorescences, ma pedunances ena amawombera kapena kuwerama mu khola.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya maluwa khutu:
- chokongola koposa, chachilendo;
- osauka bwino.
Kutalika kwa panicle kumayambira 3 mpaka 35. Gawo lam'munsi la nthambi ndilabwino komanso yokutidwa ndi setae yaying'ono. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi ma cylindrical spikelets kapena maluwa omwe amapezeka mu ndege yomweyo. Mtundu wa inflorescences ndi yoyera, yapinki, burgundy kapena yobiriwira. Spikelets zimawonekera mochedwa - mkati mwa Julayi.
Masamba osachepera amasonkhanitsidwa m'munsi mwa chomera. Amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 50 komanso m'lifupi mwake masentimita 0.5. Mtundu wa masamba ake ndi wobiriwira kuyambira Meyi mpaka Seputembara. M'dzinja, masamba amatembenukira chikasu chowoneka bwino, chomwe chimawoneka bwino mosiyana ndi makutu obiriwira.
Mitundu yotchuka
Mitundu ya pennisetum ndiyosiyana kwambiri, ili ndi mitundu yoposa 150. Ena mwa iwo adakulitsidwa mchikhalidwe. M'dziko lathu, mitundu yochepa ndiyomwe idalandira kugawa kwapadera.
Pennysetum yosavuta ndizogonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi mitundu yozizira. Phala ili limatha kupirira chisanu chotalikilira mpaka -29 ° C. Kukhazikika kwake kumatenga Himalaya ndi kumpoto kwa China. Chomera chokhala ndi mizu yayitali chimakhala m'nthiti mpaka 120 cm. Masamba obiriwira odera obiriwira amaphimba pansi. Spikelets zimayamba kuwonekera mu June. Poyamba, amapaka utoto wobiriwira, ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira amakhala bulauni. Chomera chimakhala chankhanza kwa oyandikana nawo, motero, chimafunikira zoletsa zokhazokha.
Pennisetum Grey. Mitundu yokongoletsera kwambiri chifukwa masamba amkuwa. Zimafalikira masentimita 3,5. Tchire limapangika ndi wandiweyani, wandiweyani, wamtunda. Kutalika kwake ndi mita 2. M'minda yabwino yokhwima, imalimidwa ngati mbewu yapachaka, yomwe imakula mwachangu. Maluwa akupitilira kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembara.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi utoto wofiirira - Wodziwika bwino - mpaka 1.5m kutalika ndi masamba amtundu wa burgundy komanso spikelets wakuda.
Mitundu ya Vertigo ndiyotchuka. Masamba ake otuwa kwambiri amakhala otumphuka, amapanga kasupe wowala.
Pennissetum foxtail ambiri pachikhalidwe. M'chilengedwe chilengedwe chimamera malo opezeka ku East Asia ndi Australia. Imapanga chitsamba chobiriwira ndipo masamba ake ndioterera. Kutalika kwa mtengowo ndi masentimita 40-100. Masiputeni onenepa amakutidwa ndi villi ndipo amakhala ndi utoto woyera. Maluwa akuyembekezeredwa kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala. Izi ndizosasangalatsa komanso zosagwirizana ndi chisanu nyengo yotentha. Masamba okhala ndi pogona patadulira nthaka.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi "Hameln", ili ndi kutalika kwapakati ndipo limamasula masabata awiri m'mbuyomu.
Pennissetum mwachidule amakhala kumpoto kwa Africa komanso ku Peninsula ya Arabia. Kutalika kosatha kumafika masentimita 130. Amakhala ndi masamba ofunda, 2-6 mm mulifupi. Masamba ndi zimayambira zakuda, ndi tint waku burgundy. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi ma spikelets aatali kwambiri, amakula mpaka 35 cm ndipo ali ndi utoto wakuda. Yofewa, yosasinthika kukhudza. Imalekerera chisanu bwino, chifukwa nthawi yotentha imakhala ngati pachaka.
Shaggy Pennisetum imakonda miyala, malo otsetsereka komanso miyala. Imapezeka ku East Africa. Chomera chochepa, mpaka 60 masentimita, ndimapanga zitsamba zowirira kwambiri kapena ma turfs ochokera pamtunda wopendekera ndi wautali. Zovala zonona zimakwera pamwamba pake pamiyala yopyapyala. Kutalika kwa golide inflorescence ndi masentimita 3 mpaka 10. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti ndipo zimatha kwa mwezi umodzi. Kukula kwa tsitsili kumatha kupitilira 4-5 cm.
Pennisetum Oriental imayimira nkhokwe zotsika (15-80 cm) pamiyala yamiyala. Amakula ku Pakistan, Transcaucasia, India ndi mayiko a Central Asia. Masamba ndiwobiliwira, 1-4 mm mulifupi. Yosavuta kugwada ndikuwomba mphepo. Spikelets 4-15 masentimita yaitali amakhala ndi maluwa omwe ali mu ndege yomweyo. Mu panicle pali zovala zofiirira zapinki. Kutalika kwa villi ndi masentimita 1-2,5.
Kulima kwa Pennisetum
Pennisetum kufalitsidwa ndikugawa tchire ndi mbewu. Njira yoyamba siyimayambitsa mavuto, chifukwa mmera umakula mwachangu kwambiri ndipo umafunikira malire. Chapakatikati, mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi ma rhizome awo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba ndikuziika kumalo atsopano. Zomera zimalekerera bwino kwambiri ndipo zimaphuka m'miyezi ingapo.
Kubzala chimanga mchaka chodzala mutakula kuchokera ku mbewu, mbewu za mbande zimachitika theka lachiwiri la February. Ma Pennisetums samalekerera kukhudzana ndi mizu bwino, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuwabzala m'miphika yaying'ono kuti atulutsidwe ndi dothi lapansi.
Dothi lopepuka, lachonde ndi kuphatikiza pamchenga ndi peat amasankhidwa kuti abzale. Mbewu zimakanikizidwa m'dothi ndipo simumwaza pamwamba. Apilitseni ndi mfuti yonyowa. Pawindo lowunikira, mbande zimawonekera mkati mwa masabata 1-3. M'mwezi wa Meyi, mbewu zokhwima zimabzalidwa m'mundamo motalikirana 50-70 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
Kumwera kwa dzikolo, mbewu zimafesedwa nthawi yomweyo panthaka ya Meyi. Zikamamera, mbewuzo zimadulidwa.
Zosamalidwa
Pennisetum imafunikira kuunikira kwabwino komanso kutetezedwa ndi kuzizira. Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito dothi lachonde, laphokoso pang'ono lokhala ndi madzi. Zomera sizilekerera chinyezi chambiri, kotero kuthirira kumachitika kokha pakakhala chilala.
Nthaka yowirira kwambiri imayenera kumasulidwa bwino musanabzala ndikusula nthawi ndi nthawi. M'chilimwe, mbewuyo imafunika kuvala mwa apo ndi apo ndi feteleza wachilengedwe komanso michere.
Mitundu yokonda kutentha simalola chisanu. Zimamera ngati zokolola za pachaka. Mutha kusungitsa chimangacho kwa nyengo zingapo mukamakula mumiphika, zomwe zimabweretsedwa mu chipinda cha dzinja.
M'nyengo yozizira, mizu yake imakhazikika ndi masamba okugwa ndipo yokutidwa ndi nthambi za spruce. Kudulira kumachitika kumayambiriro kwamasika. Njirayi imalimbikitsa kudzutsidwa ndi kukakamiza kwa achinyamata mphukira.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Pennisetum ndi solitaire wabwino kwambiri. Tchire lake lophimba limafanana ndi zitunda zazing'onoting'ono ndi akasupe amadzi otumphuka omwe amasunthidwa mokongola ndi mphepo. Ma spikelets amagwira ntchito ngakhale nthawi yozizira, akapeza mtundu wa siliva.
Yoyenera kubzala kumbuyo kwa dimba la maluwa kapena m'minda yamiyala. Poyerekeza ndi maziko ake, maluwa owala bwino, zomera zotsika zimawoneka bwino kwambiri. Komanso chokongola kuphatikiza ndi zokongoletsera pansi zoyambira maluwa.
Akasupe amitundu ikuluikulu amakongoletsa makhoma ndi mipanda, ndipo angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pakuwunika malowa. Mabulosi a mitengo ya cirrus ndi oyenera kukongoletsa madera a m'mphepete mwa miyala ndi miyala yolimbirana.
Ziphuphu zophika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga maluwa. Kuti muchite izi, zouma kumayambiriro kwa maluwa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse yachilengedwe yam'makalasi osiyanasiyana ndi kupaka utoto chifukwa cha utoto wapadera.
