Zinnia ndi wotchuka ndi wamaluwa ambiri. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu, tchire zosiyanasiyana komanso zosamalidwa bwino. - zonse zokhudzana ndi zinnia. Dzina lina la zinnia, limene limadziwika kwambiri, ndi majors.
Maluwa a Zinnia amakhala ndi nthawi yaitali maluwa - mpaka masiku 35. Maluwa odulidwa amatenganso nthawi yaitali - kuyambira masabata awiri mpaka awiri.
Chomera ndi mbewu ya pachaka, yosavuta. Njere ndi zazikulu kwambiri, choncho ndi zophweka kwambiri kugwira nawo ntchito. Kuchokera pa tsiku lodzala mbewu, pambuyo pa miyezi 2-2.5 yokha, masamba a zitsamba zokongola adzatha kale.
Mukudziwa? Majors amatha kukula kukhala tchire - mtundu wa Liliput, komanso mu zitsamba zazikulu, monga mtundu waukulu wa California.
Kufesa zinnia kwa mbande
Kubzala mbande za zinnia kumachitika mwa njira imodzi:
- kufesa mbewu kunyumba;
- Kufesa mbewu nthawi yomweyo kutseguka pansi.
Kawirikawiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa zinnia kunyumba, chifukwa zikhoza kuchitidwa kale ndipo potero zimabweretsa kuyamba kwa nyengo ya maluwa.
Nthawi yobzala
Kufesa mbewu za mbande za zinnia panyumba kumakhala kumapeto kwa March - pakati pa mwezi wa April. Pankhaniyi, wamkulu wamkulu wa mbande kuziika mu lotseguka nthaka mofulumira kukula ndi pachimake kumapeto May - oyambirira June.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu yoposa makumi awiri ya zinnia imadziwika. Koma ndi zinayi zokhazo zomwe zimayesedwa mu chikhalidwe: Chabwino, Chotsitsa, Chokwera-flowered, Linearis.
Momwe mungabzalidwe moyenera
Musanafese mbewu m'nthaka ndikofunika kukulunga mu gauze kapena nsalu, zomwe zisanadze zodzaza ndi Appin. Mwanjira imeneyi, mbeu imamera. Mbewu zatsopano, zimamera m'masiku ochepa oyambirira, ndipo zakale zidzamera kwa mlungu umodzi.
Mbeu yambewu ya mbeu 2-3 imafesedwa pang'onopang'ono masentimita imodzi, ndikukhala ndi malo okwanira pakati pa mbeu. Miphika ya peat imene kubzala kumeneku imayenera kukhala ndi gawo lapansi lonyowa.
Mbande wothira ndi kuikidwa pamalo owala. Kuti kumera bwino kwambiri kutentha ndi madigiri 22-24. Malingana ndi zolembazo, ziphuphu ziwoneka msanga.
Kusamalira mphukira zoyamba
Mphukira zoyamba zimawonekera kuzungulira tsiku la 6-8th kufesa. Kutheka kwa kutentha kwa chisamaliro cha mphukira zoyamba - madigiri 19-22. Young zomera mwamsanga kupanga mawonekedwe adventitious. Ngati mbande ikulongosoledwa, muyenera kuwonjezera nthaka mu miphika.
Iyenera kutsatira mosamala lamulo - Khalani zinnia pamalo okongola. Mu penumbra, zomera zimakhala zofooka ndi zopweteka.
Kujambula mbande
Kujambula zinnia ndikofunikira ngati mbeu yabzalidwa mochuluka. Koma ngati mtunda wa pakati pa mphukira ndi wabwino, palibe chosowa chosankha. Mukamadzala miphika ya peat, mungapewe zosankha. Njirayi ikufala kwambiri chifukwa chikhalidwe sichikufuna kutola.
Mbeu zovuta
Kufika pamtunda kunapambana, kumapeto kwa May, mbande za zinnia zimafunikira mkwiyo. Kuti tichite izi, masana, anapirira mofulumira mpweya wabwino. Choncho amagwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe.
Kubzala kwa mbande za zinnia yotseguka pansi
Pamene zitsamba zakula ndipo mbande zili okonzeka kubzala, muyenera kuchita zonse momwe ziyenera kukhalira, kotero kuti chomera chikupitiriza kukula ndikukondwera ndi maluwa. Ndikofunika kusankha nthawi ndi malo. Ndiyeneranso kudziŵa ndondomeko iti yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kubzala mbande zazikulu.
Pamene chodzala mbande
Pamene ndi momwe mungasinthire zinnias panja ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti pakhale maluwa. Muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka kubwerera kwa chisanu kudutsa chomera. Izi kawirikawiri zimapezeka mu theka lachiwiri - mapeto a May.
Kusankha malo a zinnia
Malo a zinnia ayenera kusankhidwa ndi kuyembekezera kuti chomera ndi chofunda komanso wachikondi. Choncho, malo abwino kwambiri adzakhala malo omwe dzuwa limatseguka, popanda mthunzi uliwonse.
Malo omwe pali zojambula ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Mphepo ikuyenda ingawononge chitsamba choyambira. Komanso musanayambe munda wa zinnia ayenera kutsukidwa namsongole.
Nthaka mu chiwembu iyenera kukhala yachonde ndi kumasulidwa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti ngalande, chifukwa zinnia sakonda chinyezi chambiri panthaka. Mchenga ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku nthaka mutabzala kuti mupereke madzi. Izi zidzakuthandizani kupeŵa madzi osapitilira mutatha kuthirira kapena mvula.
Ndondomeko yobzala mbande
Potero, chiwembu chobzala mbande za zinnia sichipezeka. Koma kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndikofunika kuyang'ana mtunda pakati pa tchire la maluwa ofanana ndi 30-40 masentimita. Mitengo yautali imabzalidwa m'mizere ndi mtunda wa pakati pa 40 cm, sredneroslye - 30 cm, pansi pamtunda ukhoza kukulira pamtunda wa masentimita 10-15. Zofesedwa mwa kusamutsa chomera kapena ndi poto.
Kugwiritsira ntchito zinnia mu bedi lokongoletsera
Zinnia mu flowerbed nthawi zambiri amafunika maluwa. Ichi ndi chomera chodziwika chaka ndi chaka chomwe chimamasula bwino komanso chimagwirizana bwino ndi zomera zina zambiri.
Bedi la maluwa ndi zinnia pakati lidzawoneka lokongola, geraniums akukula kapena lobelia adzabzalidwa patsogolo, ndipo cosme wamtali kapena amaranth adzabzalidwa kumbuyo.
Zinnia amatanthauza zomera zomwe sizikuwoneka bwino dzuwa likatha. Choncho, kwa mabedi, momwe amawonekera kuchokera kumpoto, iwo ali oyenerera kwambiri.
Kusamalira zinnia pabedi
Ngati mutatha kubzala ku bedi la maluwa, zintina zakhazikika, ndikofunika kuyamba kuyisamalira. Chisamaliro ndi kumasula nthawi zonse nthaka, kupalira, komanso kuthirira ndi feteleza. Pa maluwa ayenera kuchotsa maluwa othawa nthawi.
Kodi zinnias amapanga pamwamba?
Kuyambira nthawi yomwe zinnia idabzalidwa mumaluwa, mukhoza kuyamba kusamalira zomera. Anagwira kusuntha zinnia. Ndondomeko yotereyi ndi ndondomeko yake idzapangitsa achinyamata kukula ndi kutsogolo m'tsogolomu. Ku zinnia chitsamba, muyenera kuzitsina pamasamba awiri kapena atatu.
Izi ziyenera kuchitika pamene zinnia akadakali mu mbande, koma ikhoza kuchitika pambuyo poti mizu ikhale yotseguka. Ngati chomeracho chikukula pofuna kudula ndi maluwa amafunikira pa high peduncles, kuphulika sikuchitika.
Kuthirira ndi Zinnia Fertilizer
Popeza zinnias zimakula bwino m'nthaka yachonde, mukhoza kuthirira nyemba musanadzalemo. Kuti muchite izi, nthaka pamtengowo iyenera kukumbidwa ndi kuikamo kompositi kapena humus. Pambuyo pake, nthaka imasakanizidwa ndi feteleza ndipo imamasuka bwino.
Komanso mndandanda wa zomwe zimadyetsa mbewu za zinnia zimaphatikizapo mchere feteleza - superphosphate, potaziyamu sulphate, nitrophoska. Iwo amamera mu chiŵerengero cha supuni imodzi pa 1 mita mita imodzi ya nthaka.
Pamene chomera chikufalikira, chikhoza kudyetsedwa kuti chikhalebe. Manyowa obiriwira a maluwa ndi abwino kwa izi.
Kuthirira zinnia kuyenera kuchitidwa motsatira zofuna zazikulu za mbewu - popanda chinyezi chowonjezera, chomwe chingayambitse kuvunda kwa mizu. Ndicholinga chake kuti dothi liyambe.
Chomeracho chingakhoze kuthiriridwa kawirikawiri ndi mochuluka. Amatanthawuza kusagonjetsa chilala, kotero kusowa kwa chinyezi sikungakhudze chosayenera. Nkofunika poti kuthirira kuti madzi asagwe pa inflorescences za chomera, chifukwa izi zingawonongeke.
Ndikofunikira! Mvula ikadatha kuthetsa maluwa a inflorescences. Izi zidzathandiza kupitiriza maluwa, ndipo zidzakhala zochuluka.
Nthawi yokolola komanso momwe mungasunge mbewu
Mbewu za Zinnia zimakololedwa mutatha kuchapa madengu omwe ali. Zimapezeka pakatha miyezi iŵiri ya maluwa. Mbewu za mphukira zoyamba zimakhala ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri. Choncho, m'pofunikira kuyamba poyamba kupeza mphukira zingapo zomwe mbewuzo zidzasonkhanitsidwe, ndi kuchotsa mphukira zonse kuchokera kwa iwo.
Madengu odzaza ndi mbewu ndi ofiira, amadulidwa, zouma, mbewu zimachotsedwa ndi kuyeretsa zatsalira za maluwa.
Sungani mbewu za zinnia m'malo owuma pa nthawi zonse kutentha. Kumera kumatenga zaka 3-4.
Ndikofunikira! Mbewu ziyenera kukolola mbozi zikangoyambira pa nyemba zimayamba kuuma. Apo ayi, iyo imvula, kenako ikhoza kuvunda kapena kukhala yowonongeka.
Kukana kwa zinnia ndi matenda ndi tizirombo
Kwa iwo omwe akudabwa momwe angamerere zinnias mu dziko, nkofunika kudziwa momwe angagwirire ndi matenda a zomera ndi tizirombo.
Chimodzi mwa matenda ofala kwambiri a zinnia ndi tsamba la masamba. Zizindikirozo zimakhala zofiirira ponseponse mawanga ndi msuzi wofiira pa masamba a chomera. Ndi matendawa, masamba amasanduka chikasu ndikugwa.
Tikawona zizindikiro zoyamba za tsamba lodziwika bwino, m'pofunika kuchotsa malo okhudzidwawo. Ngati mutayambitsa njirayi, ndiye kuti chomeracho chiyenera kutero.
Komanso pakati pa matenda a mbewuyo amawonekera imvi zowola, fusarium, powdery mildew. Amachizidwa ndi fungicides.
Matenda onse amapezeka ndi kumwetsa kwakukulu komanso ndi kubzala kwakukulu kwa zomera kwa wina ndi mzake. Choncho, chinthu choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa cha matendawa ndikuchotseratu.
Tizilombo tingathe kuwononga zinnia slugs ndi nkhono, aphid, Mayetetles. Mukhoza kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba mwa kupopera mankhwala a sopo - 10 g pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Kapena mungagwiritse ntchito njira "Aktellika" kapena "Fufanona."
Nkhono ndi slugs zimakongola, kufalitsa zidutswa zamatabwa ndi slate m'derali, ndiye zikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa pamanja. Maying'onong'ono amakololedwa ndi dzanja kuchokera ku zomera ndikuponyera mu chidebe cha madzi sopo.
Zinnia si chomera chopanda phindu, kubzala, kukula ndi kusamalira sikovuta. Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo okhawo oyambirira omwe safuna khama komanso nthawi yambiri.
