Mafuta okoma a oyambilira oyambirira - Manchurian kukongola maula

Pulogalamu Mwakutanthauzira, ndi chikhalidwe chokonda chikondi ("kum'mwera") chikhalidwe.

Koma tsopano zimatha kuwonedwa nthawi zambiri m'minda ya Siberia ndi ku Far East, nyengo yomwe, monga momwe ikudziwira, ili kutali ndi "malo".

Ngakhale zili choncho, mitundu yambiri ya zipatso zamtengo wapatali, yomwe imakhala ndi zipatso zamtengo wapatali, imachokera kutali ndi minda ya Russia yomwe imakhala yabwino kwambiri.

Mmodzi wa "alendo" awa anali m'kalasi "Kukongola kwa Manchu".

Tsatanetsatane wa maulamuliro "Manchurian beauty"

Izi kalasi Zitha kuzindikiranso pakati pa mbewu zina zamaluwa ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Mtengo Ndi chomera chomera (ambiri amawona kuti ndi chitsamba nkomwe).
   Thunthu la maulawuwa akuwonetsedwa pang'ono.
2. Korona, nthambi. Mbalameyi yachilengedwe, pamene ikukula, nsonga imapangidwa makamaka kumapeto (kawirikawiri ovalo) mawonekedwe.

   Makungwa pa nthambi za chigoba ndi amitundu yofiira kapena imvi-bulauni.

3. Bark mawonekedwe - makamaka scaly. Ngakhalenso kumera, mbande zimakhala ndi nthambi yogwira ntchito chifukwa cha chidwi cha impso.
4. Akuwombera. Kwenikweni ali ndi mawonekedwe okhwima pang'ono.

   Pa mphukira zochepa kwambiri, zojambulidwa mu mithunzi yofiira, munthu amatha kusiyanitsa mphodza zambiri.

   Kupangidwa pa mphukira za masamba a vegetative ndizochepa, pamene chipatsocho chimakhala chachikulu pakuwoneka.

5. Masamba. Kutalika kwa pepala loyambirira la kalasiyi ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10, ndi m'lifupi - 4 cm.

   Masamba amapanga ellipse. Mtundu Mdima wobiriwira, pamwamba pa pepala amapereka kuwala kowala.

   Chipinda cha Leaf mwinamwake concave, tip point. Masamba amasungidwa pa petioles amdima.

6. Inflorescences Anapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa atatu aang'ono. Mtundu wa maluwa ndi woyera.
7. Zipatso. Kawirikawiri kuchuluka kwa maula kufika pamtunda 15. Gwero la zipatso zowonongeka ndilopangidwira, mphiriyo ndi yopapatiza komanso yozama.

   Pali mthunzi wofooka. Mtundu wakuda wa chipatso ndi wachikasu-lalanje, ndi burgundy patina ndi buluu.

8. Mtundu wambiri - utoto wobiriwira, zamkati zimakhala ndizowonjezereka kwambiri ndi juiciness. Matenda a pakatikati a kukula amakhala ndi mchere wozungulira, ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi zamkati. Kuwombera mwamphamvu kwambiri pa phesi lalifupikitsa.

Chithunzi

Chithunzi chojambula cha manchurian:

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera logawa

Kalasi "Kukongola kwa Manchu" analengedwa mu theka la zaka za makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri posankha mbande zachitsulo cha Chinyanja. Ntchitoyi inachitika ndi a ku Russia amene amadzipereka ku Ivanov ku Yaomyn (Manchuria), yomwe inachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi dzina latsopano.

Patapita kanthawi, kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1920, maulawo anali ku gawo la Far East, kumene adaphunziridwa ndi kufalitsidwa ndi obereketsa A. Taratukhin ndi N. Tikhonov.

Panthawiyi, mitundu yomwe inagwira nawo ntchito ya "Kukongola" siidziwika bwino, koma malinga ndi umodzi wa mafotokozedwe, mbande imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu itatu ya mabala - Chinese, Ussuri ndi "Simon".

Mu 1947 "Kukongola kwa Manchu" Ankaphatikizidwa kumtunda ku Far East, East Siberian, West Siberian ndi Ural. Kuwonjezera pa Siberia ndi Kum'maŵa kwa Kum'maŵa, pakalipano maulendo osiyanasiyanawa amakula m'mapiri a horticultural m'madera a ku Russia a Russia.

Pambuyo pa "kuzindikira" kalasi Chifukwa cha zida zake zamtengo wapatali, idagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama popanga zina zambiri monga Zarya, Mlongo Zarya, Kolkhoznitsa, Tale, Memory Memory Dutov, Katerina, Khabarovsk Early, ndi pr.

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Plum "Manchurian kukongola" Ndilo gawo la samobzoplodny zipatso mbewu Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi mungu wake womwe sungapereke ubwino wokhala ndi umuna.

Choncho, pofuna kubereka bwino, imayenera mitengo ya mitundu ina yomwe imathandiza "Kukongola" mu umuna.

Mbalame yabwino kwambiri ya pulezidentiyi imatengedwa kuti ndi Ussuriisk zosiyanasiyana.

Mtengo mitundu "Manchurian kukongola" amayamba kubala zipatso nthawi zonse patatha zaka zitatu kuchokera nthawi yomwe mubzala mbewu yomweyo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo imapereka mlingo wa mbeu - mpaka makilogalamu 8 kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi.

Kumayambiriro kwa autumn chikhalidwe chimakhala chodzala ndi zipatso zakubala kuyambira nthawi ya kumapeto kwa August mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September.

Mwa njirayi, izi zimapangitsa kuti chikhalidwechi chikhale chotchuka kwambiri ku Siberia ndi ku Far East.

Mu gawo la chisanu chotsutsa, "Kukongola kwa Manchurian" kumakhala malo apakati. Mulimonsemo, chomeracho chikupirira chisanu pansi -35 ° C. Komabe, maulawo adakali ofunika kwambiri mizu mu Mitsinje, popeza imakhala ndi nthawi yokhwima mu nyengo yotentha.

Ngati nyakulima adzalandira zofunikira zonse za agrotechnical zogwirizana ndi kulima izi zosiyanasiyana, ndiye adzalandira zipatso zokolola cholinga cha chilengedwe chonse, chosiyana chokongola kukoma kokoma ndi chisoni chachifundo ndi fungo labwino kwambiri.

Mankhwala omwe ali m'mimba mwa mwanayo ndi awa:

• shuga - 15%;
• titrate acids - 1.7%;
• ziphuphu - 0,41%;
• Nkhani youma - 24%;
• ascorbic asidi - 9 mg / 100 g;
• P-yogwira zinthu - 350 mg / 100 g

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Manchurian kukongola ma plamu ndi kusamalira. Musanabzala muyenera kusankha malo abwino a mtengo. Izo ziyenera kukhala zabwino sunlit ndipo kuchotsedwa kumadzi apansi apansi osachepera 1.5-2 mamita.

Komanso m'malo ano muyenera kukhala nthaka yosasuntha. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti maulawo sakhala pa dothi losavuta.

Chomerachi chimalimbikitsidwa kufesa pang'ono.

Pankhaniyi, chipale chofewa ndi chinyezi chidzasungunuka pafupi ndi thunthu, choncho mizu siidzavunda.

Dulani maula Mitunduyi imakhala bwino mu April, pamene masambawo sanagwedezeke. Konzani pasadakhale dzenje lakuya masentimita 50 ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri (70 masentimita). Mpaka pakamatera, dzenje liyenera kuchotsedwa "chopanda kanthu" kwa masabata awiri.

Ndi chomera chomera mu dzenje, mizu yake iyenera kuwongoledwa ndi yokutidwa motero kuti muzu wa mizu umatuluka masentimita 4-5 kuchokera pansi.

Kubwezeretsa kumachitika ndi choyamba chochotsedwa kuchokera ku chitsime, chomwe chimasakanizidwa ndi humus, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, mchenga, potaziyamu kloride, miyala.

Mabotolo 4 a madzi olekanitsidwa ayenera kupita ku kuthirira koyamba. Pambuyo poyamwa chinyezi, nsanamira yapafupi imadetsedwa ndi mulch kuchokera ku peat, humus kapena nthaka youma.

Mitengo yamaluwa imayenera kubzalidwa motere kuti pali mtunda wa mamita atatu pakati pawo.

Kusamalira maula "kukongola kwa Manchu" mwa njira yachizoloŵezi ya ma plums ena onse - amapanga korona nthawi, amawadyetsa nthawi zonse ndi feteleza, kudula nthambi zakufa ndi zowonjezereka. Ngakhale kuti imatanthauzanso kulekerera kwa chilala, izi zosiyanasiyana zimafuna ulimi wothirira nthawi zonse.

Matenda

Kufotokozedwa maula akuwonetsa kukana kwa rubella ndi masoka. Komabe, akhoza kukhala akudwala monilioz.

Ndi moniliose (monilial burn) ziwalo zambiri zamasamba zimakhudzidwa ndi bowa Monilia. Chotsatira chake, ziwalo za matenda zimatha mwamsanga, ndipo zipatso zimayamba kuvunda.

Nthendayi imatengedwa ndi zida zowonongeka ndipo zimalowetsa minofu ya chomera kudzera mu khungu ndi kuwonongeka kwa khungu.

Kukula kofulumira kwa matenda nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti chinyezi chikhale chokwanira.

Kuti kupewa matenda Kuwombera ndi bowawu, nkofunika kuti tipewe kuteteza ngati kudulira kudulira, kukolola ndi kuyaka masamba osagwa ndi zipatso zovunda, zomwe zimatsutsana ndi Monilia.

Ngati mtengo ukadali wodwala, uyenera kupopedwa ndi 4% Bordeaux madzi musanayambe maluwa, 1% Bordeaux madzi panthawi ya maluwa, komanso kachiwiri ndi 1% yothetsera Bordeaux madzi - masiku 16-20 mutatha maluwa.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kupopera mbewu katatu kumakwanira nyengo zowuma. Ngati chaka chinali chonyowa, mudzafunika kupopera maulendo 5 mpaka 6.

Ngati woyang'anira wachidwi akusamala izi zikumira, zidzamupatsa munthu madalitso ambiri ndi zokondweretsa.