Goose woyera - mbalame yowuluka yokha ya banja la bakha, dongosolo la Anseriformes. Kawirikawiri, mbalame zimakhala ndi chikondi, koma ngati palibe malo okwanira mu phukusi, amatha kusonyeza kuti ali ndi nkhanza kuti ateteze ana awo ndi gawo lawo.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene mbalame zouluka zimapanga mphete - amawathandiza kuthawa mtunda wautali.
Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi
Zizindikiro za kunja kwa mbalame (wamkulu):
- ali ndi thupi lalitali, kutalika kwa 80-85 cm;
- Silikuposa 5-6 makilogalamu (akazi si ocheperapo kuposa amuna);
- Ali ndi mapiko aakulu, pafupifupi masentimita 150;
- mbalameyo imakhala yoyera (iyo imakhala mbalame yoyera kwathunthu ali ndi zaka 3-4);
- Pali nthenga zakuda pamapeto a mapiko oyera;
- kansalu ka bulauni kamapangidwa kuzungulira mlomo, mlomo wokha ndi nthawi imodzi;
- khalani ndi miyendo yamitundu imodzi yokha;
- khosi ndi lalifupi;
- mchira wozungulira mawonekedwe.
Mukudziwa? Goose yoyera imatchedwanso "chisanu" kapena "kumpoto. "Goose woyera ali ndi subspecies ziwiri:
| Goose Yaikulu Yamtundu | Goose Wamtundu Waung'ono |
| Ali ndi khosi lalitali | Kunenepa sikudutsa 2 kg. Amakhala ku Northern Canada ndi ku Bering Strait |
| Mtundu ndi woyera, nthenga zazikulu zimakhala zofiira | Mtunduwo ndi woyera (mbalameyi imadzazidwa ndi maonekedwe oyera) kapena buluu (thupi liri ndi mdima, ndipo mutuwo ndi wopepuka). |
Chuma ndi nzeru za chilengedwe sizikudabwitsa konse; mitundu iliyonse ya zinyama ndi mbalame zimangokonzedweratu kuti zikhazikike, kuti zidziwikire munthu angathe kudzidziwitsa yekha ndi mitundu ina ya zakutchire, akavalo, mbalame, mbalame, mapiri.
Kodi amakhala kuti?
Goose woyera ndi mbalame yosawerengeka ndipo imagawidwa m'magawo okha:
- kumpoto Canada;
- kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Greenland;
- ku Russia (ku Chukotka, ku Yakutia, pa chilumba cha Wrangel - pafupi ndi mitsinje yaing'ono ndi nyanja);
- pamphepete mwa nyanja.
- United States of America;
- British Columbia;
- Canada;
- California;
- Japan;
- Gulf of Mexico.
Ndikofunikira! Europe si malo okongola kwa mbalame zoyera.Mbalame za kumpoto zimatha kuyenda ulendo wautali kale pa miyezi iwiri.
Pofika pa msinkhu, mbalame zatha, khalidweli limayambira pazimayi, chifukwa cha kufunika kokhala ndi zinyama.Mwamuna yemwe anayesera kugwira ntchito za Amayi Chilengedwe sichikuyenda bwino; zotsatira za ntchitoyi ndi mitundu yambiri ya nkhuku, akalulu, ng'ombe, mahatchi, nkhuku, njiwa, nkhosa, nkhumba, njuchi, abakha, atsekwe, zinziri.
Moyo
Goose yoyera amakhala pafupifupi zaka 10-20, mwaufulu. Nkhumba iyi yokhala ndi nambala, yomwe imakonda nthaka youma, ngakhale imakhala yabwino pamadzi.
Goose woyera ndi mbalame yochenjera kwambiri. Mabanja amatha kuyesa zisa zawo pafupi ndi chikopa choyera, chifukwa amatetezera katundu wawo kwa adani (monga nkhuku), motero amateteza midzi ya kumpoto.
Nkhandwe zam'mphepete mwa nyanja za Arctic ndizozikulu za mbalame. Pali milandu pamene amaba mazira kapena goslings. Azimayi amayang'anitsitsa zisa zawo ndikuyesera kusamukira kutali.
Mukudziwa? Mbalame za kumpoto zimalankhulana m'chinenero chawo, chomwe chimakhala ndi maulendo pafupifupi khumi.
Mphamvu
Kudyetsa chisanu cha mbalame kumadalira malo ake. Mwachitsanzo, ku Canada, maziko a zakudya ndi sedge, komanso pa Wrangel Island - zomera za zomera.
Mbalame zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito:
- zitsamba;
- moss;
- chosakaniza;
- lichens;
- mphukira za mitengo;
- mizu;
- Mbeu ndi zipatso za zomera zikukula mu tundra.
- tizilombo toyambitsa madzi tochepa;
- zamoyo zomwe zimakhala pamphepete mwa nyanja ndi madzi osaya.
Zinthu zoberekera
Goose woyera ndi mtundu wapadera wa mbalame, kupanga mapauni amodzi pa moyo.
Ndikofunikira! Patapita zaka zitatu, atsekwe amayamba kugonana, ndi nthawi yomwe amayesa kupanga banja.Mbalame zomwe zakhazikitsa mabanja zimasungidwa m'magulu - kotero mwayi wotsalira mu chikhalidwe chaukali ukuwonjezeka. Mbalame zimatha kupanga mamita 1,000, mtunda umene uli pakati pa 1-2 km.
Kumapeto kwa nyengo, nthawi yobereka imayamba. Mayi amaika mazira 4-6, yamadzi.
Mawu oti makulitsidwe ndi masiku 21. Mkaziyo amalowetsa mazira, ndipo mwamuna amateteza iye ndi ana ake amtsogolo.
Mbalame ya mlengalenga yomwe imakhala pansi yomwe imapangidwira pang'onopang'ono, kenako imayika pansi ndi udzu wouma. 
Mu nyengo ya chisanu, pamene pali kusowa kwa malo odyetsera, akazi akhoza kuponyera mazira awo mu zisa za anthu ena kuti ateteze ana awo. Amuna a atseu oyera ndi amayi abwino kwambiri, motero amathyola okha komanso ena.
Nkhuku zili ndi maolivi ndi zabwino. Tsiku lotsatira pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mbalame, mbalame zimanyamula ziphuphu kupita ku malo ocheperako.
Ndikofunikira! Mbalame molt pachaka. Panthawi imeneyi, satha kuthawa. Pa nthawi ya molting, ili pafupi ndi matupi a madzi, chifukwa iyi ndi njira yokhayo yopezera nyama.Nkhuku ziri pa phiko pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi. Amatha kusambira nthawi yomweyo atangobereka.
Atsekwe oyera ndi okongola, okhulupirika, aluntha, mbalame zolimba. Zimasintha bwino ndi nyengo iliyonse. Mbalamezi zimakhala zosauka ndipo nthawi zambiri zimavutika chifukwa choyamba anthu kumalo awo. Tsopano ndizo zamoyo zowonongeka, choncho amafunika kutetezedwa.
