Mtundu wa chitumbuwa wosasunthika komanso wosabereka

Wopatsa Cherry - imodzi mwa yotchuka komanso yodziwika bwino ya chitsamba chitumbuwa. Mapindu apamwamba a kalasiyi ndi chisanu kukana ndi zokolola.

Ngakhale kuti mtundu wa chitsamba suli wokhazikika, Cherry Wopatsa, ndi kudulira nthawi yake, amatha kukhala ndi kubereka zipatso kwa zaka zoposa 30.

Cherry wopatsa ndi stebrid steppe ndi wamba Zakudya zamtengo wapatali, kufotokoza kwathunthu kwa zosiyanasiyana ndi zithunzi zikhoza kuwerengedwa ndikuwonanso mtsogolo.

Izi ndizodzichepetsa kwambiri za yamatcheri omwe samafuna chisamaliro chapadera.

Pakati pa odzichepetsa mitundu, Volochaevka, Vyanok, Moscow Griot ndi Zhukovskaya ndi ofunika kuzindikira.

Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha kulima - panthawi yake chitetezo, feteleza ndi kubzala bwino.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Cherry Wolowa manja adawonekera kupukuta kosasintha mitundu ya mbewu ya pachaka Ndibwino.

Pollination inali ndi yamatcheri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo steppe. Wolowa manja anasankhidwa monga osiyana, obereketsa malo osungiramo zamasamba a Sverdlovsk S.V. Zhukov ndi N.I. Gvozdyukova.

Zoned zosiyanasiyana Wolowa manja mu 1959 m'madera a Ural, Kumadzulo kwa Siberia komanso m'dera la Volga.

Nthawi zambiri chitumbuwachi chimapezeka m'minda Belarus, mayiko a Baltic, Ukraine, komanso kunja kwa malo a Soviet.

M'madera amenewa, munthu angathe kupeza mitundu ngati Lebedyanskaya, Lyubskaya, Malinovka ndi Mayak.

Maonekedwe a chitumbuwa Wopatsa

Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a mtengo wa zipatso ndi zipatso zake.

Mtengo

Ndizo chomera chochepa cha shrub, 1.5-2m wamtali, ndi nthambi zowonongeka ndi mphukira pamwamba. Maluwawo amanenedwa, ang'onoang'ono.

Masamba ndi ovunda, ataliatali, owala, obiriwira, ndi nsonga zapamwamba ndi mano ang'onoang'ono pamphepete. Maluwawo ndi oyera, ndi osasunthika amakhala pamakhala, akukula 3-4 zidutswa mu inflorescence.

Chipatso

Zipatso sizing'ono kwambiri, masekeli 3-5 g, mdima wofiira, kuzungulira, musasokoneze pamene mukuposa. The zamkati ndi madzi pang'ono, ndi okoma kwambiri wowawasa-okoma kukoma ndi wakuda chitumbuwa chokoma.

Achinyamata, Morozovka, Nadezhda ndi Novella amadziwikanso ndi kukoma kwawo kwakukulu.

Mwala ndi waukulu kwambiri, wosiyana mosavuta. Tsinde ndilolitali komanso lochepa. Zipatso sizitsitsidwa.
Mankhwala amapangidwa

Chithunzi

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Wowolowa manja amalandira dzina limeneli. Wopatsa - zokoma kwambiri zamatcheri. Kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi mungapeze mpaka 10-15 makilogalamu a zipatso. Chiyambi Chachikulire Choyamba 3-4 patapita zaka. Maluwa a chitumbuwa zaka khumi zapitazo za May, ndipo zipatso zimapsa kumapeto kwa August - oyambirira a September. Zimapsa nthawi yomweyo, choncho zokolola zimachitika m'magulu angapo.

Vyanok, Podbelskaya, Uralskaya Rubinovaya ndi Tamaris amasonyezanso zokolola zambiri.

Wopatsa - wodzikonda. Komabe, kuti mupititse patsogolo zokolola, mukhoza kudzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mungu: Polevka, Maksimovskaya, Ural Standard, Subbotinskaya.

Chinthu china chosayembekezeka cha Wolowa manja chikhoza kuganiziridwa zabwino kwambiri yozizira hardiness.

Iye Angathe kupirira kutentha mpaka -35 - 45 С popanda kuwonongeka kwa makungwa ndi mphukira.

Pa maluwa amalekerera ngakhale kwambiri frosts.

Choncho, zosiyanasiyana zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zikule kumpoto.

Komanso yabwino wintering kukana amasiyana mitundu Tsarevna Felt, Ashinskaya steppe, Lyubskaya ndi Morozovka.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Nthawi yabwino yobzala chitumbuwa ndi masika. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapangitsa kuti nthaka isamangidwe, koma ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito malo obzala Pamwamba, osati madzi osefukira, owuma, ndi nthaka yochepa mchenga.

Komanso malo ayenera kukhala bwino komanso popanda kumeta. Pakuti chitumbuwa, muyenera kusankha bwino atetezedwa ku malo a kumpoto kwa mphepo.

Mungagwiritse ntchito kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi slurry, mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 2. Ndipo mukhoza kupanga zabwino manyowa ovunda kapena kompositi (15 makilogalamu pa sq. m).

Onetsetsani kuwonjezera feteleza mchere: 80-100 gr. superphosphate ndi pafupifupi 50 magalamu. sulfate ya potaziyamu pa mita imodzi m

Mitsuko imakonzedwanso mu kugwa. Kukumba mozama 40-50 cm ndi pafupi kukula kwake 70-90 masentimita

Pansi pansi phala nthaka yokonzedwa bwino: dothi losanjikizidwa ndi nthaka yofanana ndi manyowa ndi kuwonjezera magalamu 30. superphosphate, 15-20 gr. potaziyamu kloride ndi pafupifupi 1 makilogalamu a phulusa.

Ikani nyemba pa hillock mu dzenje ndikuyiike mwamphamvu kwambiri. Kuzama kubzala chitumbuwa sichimalola.

Msosi umachokera pamwamba pa nthaka pamwamba pake. Gombe lokhala ndi mbali zapamwamba, chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira, amamangidwa pamtunda.

Pambuyo pofika muchitsime ichi muthe Nkhaka 3-4 za madzi ndipo onetsetsani kuti mulch ndi peat kapena kompositi.

Pamene shrub yabzalidwa, ndiye kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira, chisamaliro chonsecho chimangokhala mu kuthirira, kosasuntha kwa nthaka ndi kuchotsa namsongole. Kugwa, nthaka yozungulira nyemba, mosamala, kuti iwononge mizu, imakumba mozama pafupifupi masentimita 10.

M'chaka chachitatu, kumapeto kwa chisanu, chisanu chimasungunuka, amapanga mizu yoyamba kudyetsa. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza feteleza, mwachitsanzo, ammonium nitrate kapena urea. Mu kugwa - superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate.

Pamene chitumbuwa chimayamba kubala chipatso - chiwerengero cha kuvala chimakula. Nthenda imodzi ya feteleza ya nitrojeni ndi bwino kupanga m'chaka, ndipo yachiwiri - mutatha maluwa.

Kudyetsa zakudya zamagetsi kumachitika kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri, ndi kuchepetsa - kamodzi pa zaka zisanu. Pansi pa autumn kukumba kuwonjezera phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.

Mbewu yaying'ono imathiriridwa nthawi zambiri monga nthaka imalira. Pa kuthirira kamodzi gwiritsani ntchito 3-4 zidebe za madzi pazitali. m

Nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira fruiting yamatcheri amachepetsa mpaka katatu pachaka. Nthawi yoyamba kuthirira chitsamba yomweyo pambuyo maluwa, yachiwiri - pa kucha kwa zipatso.

Madzi okwanira atatu amachitika m'nyengo yozizira, mu October. Ndi chilala cholimba cherries ayenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zambiri. Kugwiritsa madzi okwanira kotereku osachepera 5-6 ndowa za madzi pa mita imodzi.

Kuwonjezera pa feteleza, ulimi wothirira ndi kumasula, chitumbuwa cha chitsamba ndithudi ndikugwira kudulira pachaka.

Kumayambiriro kwa kutupa kwa impso, mukhoza kuona nthambi zomwe ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi zomwe siziyenera kutero. Nthambi zonse zouma, zakalamba ndi za matenda zimadulidwa ndipo Pangani malo odulidwa ndi phula lachonde.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mphukira pachaka mukalasiyi siingakhoze kufupikitsidwa. Kudulira ndi kofunikira kuti uchite kumayambiriro kwa masika, masamba asanafike.

Onetsetsani kuchotsa ndi kukula kwa mizu yosafunikira.zomwe zimafooketsa kwambiri zomera. Pamene kudulira ndikofunika kupeŵa kuwonjezereka kwakukulu, ndipo kuchotsa mwamsanga nthambi zonse zomwe zikukula mkati mwa chitsamba. Sikuti ndizokha kuonjezera zokolola, komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Wolowa manja, ngakhale kuti siwambiri, koma amakhala ndi matenda ofala monga moniliosis ndi coccomycosis.

Katumbuwawa sagonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo, koma nthawi zina amatha kuvutika. sawfly mucous ndi chitumbuwa nsabwe za m'masamba.

Izi zimachitika nthawi ya mvula yambiri yozizira. Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngozi mu nthawi ndi kuteteza chitumbuwa?

Monilioz - Matenda a fungus omwe amakhudza zomera zonse.

Moniliosis tizilombo toyambitsa matenda overwinters mu makungwa a nthambi ndi mphukira, ndipo amayamba kudziwonetsera okha pa maluwa a chitumbuwa. Choyamba, khungwa, mphukira ndi masamba zimakhudzidwa.

Zimaphimbidwa ndi moss wakuda, omwe amamera mkati mwa chomera ndipo amachititsa kuti makungwawo asakanike komanso kumayidwa kwa nthambi ndi masamba. Mitengo yomwe imakhudzidwa mwamsanga imavunda, yowuma ndipo imatha kukhala mu mawonekedwe onse m'nyengo yozizira. Pankhaniyi, spores za bowa zimakhalabe mpaka masika.

Kuchotsa matendawa muyenera kuti mukhale ndi nthawi zonse chotsani masamba omwe ali ndi kachilombo, mphukira ndi zipatso, ndipo onetsetsani kuti muwotche. Asanafike komanso pambuyo maluwa ndi zofunika kukonza chitsamba ndi madzi amadzimadzi a mkuwa oxychloride.

Pambuyo kukolola, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 1% yankho la Bordeaux osakaniza bwino limathandiza. Monga njira yothetsera, njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochizira yamatcheri kumayambiriro kasupe, masamba asanawonekere.

Coccomycosis Komanso matenda a fungal, koma makamaka amakhudza masamba ndi zipatso.

Mukhoza kuziwona pachigawo choyambirira, powonekera kumtunda kwa masamba a madontho aang'ono ofiira.

Amakula mofulumira ndikuphimba masamba onse, kenako amapita ku zipatso.

The masamba kugwa kugwa kwathunthu m'ma chilimwe, ndipo zipatso zouma. Ngati matendawa sachiritsidwe, chitsamba chidzafa chaka chamawa.

Bowa la coccomycosis pamwambawinters m'magwa ogwa. Choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri panthawi yake kuyeretsa ndi kuwotcha masamba owuma, ndi kusamalira namsongole ndikumasula nthaka.

Kulimbana ndi matendawa kumathandiza bwino Kachilombo kazitsamba ndi nthaka pansi pake ndi 1% Bordeaux osakaniza kapena kamodzi, pambuyo maluwa, ndi mkuwa oxychloride yankho.

Kukana kwa coccomycosis kuli mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya yamatcheri Zhivitsa, Black Large, Rovesnitsa ndi Fairy.

Sawfly ya Slimy pa Generous ikuwoneka kuti ndi yosavuta, koma kuvulaza kungabweretse. Mphutsi ya tizilombo tating'ono ting'onoting'ono timadya pa masamba a chitumbuwa. Nkhuku zaikazi zimayika mazira m'munsi mwa masamba, ndipo patatha masiku 10-14, mphutsi zimawonekera.

Mukhoza kumenyana nawo kuzimitsa kwambiri nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi chomeracho ndi kuchiza chitsamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Aphid Amaika mazira m'nyengo yozizira pa mphukira za chitumbuwa, pafupi ndi masamba.

Kumayambiriro kwa masika, mphutsi zayamba kumadyetsa pa masamba aang'ono, ndipo zimatha kuwononga chomera mwamsanga.

Kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kukonzekera wapadera kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochiritsira.

Njirayi ndi sprayed ndi chitsamba pamaso ndi pambuyo maluwa. Mwamwayi, tizilombo timayendera kawirikawiri.

Mitundu yamatcheri yamitundu yambiri ya Soviet inali imodzi wa alimi ambiri. Anakula bwino mu famu komanso m'minda yake. Ndipo lero wopatsa ndi wokongola yoyenera kwa kulima mafakitale, ndipo pokhala ndi chithandizo chamakanthawi, imakula bwino m'madera akumidzi.

Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana:

• zokolola kwambiri komanso zokolola;
• chisanu hardiness;
• kulekerera kwa chilala;
• kudzikonda;
• zabwino kukoma ndi mankhwala khalidwe zipatso.

Wotsatsa:

• Nthawi zina zimakhudzidwa ndi moniliasis ndi coccomycosis;
• Zipatso zipse nthawi yomweyo.

Wolowa manja ndi wokongola zosiyanasiyana zamatcheri, ndi ubwino wambiri.

Adzafuna amakonda wamaluwa wamaluwa.

Penyani kanemayo za matenda a chitumbuwa coccomycosis ndi momwe mungagwirizane nayo.