Momwe mungasamalire begonias: muzu, tuber, maluwa osakanizidwa

Wopemphetsa wosasamala kwambiri ndi mizu. Sakuyenera kukonzekera nthawi yopuma, ngati yaubweya. Komabe, chisamaliro cha mizu chimafuna chisamaliro chaka chonse. M'nyengo yozizira amadyetsedwa, koma kangapo kuposa nthawi yotentha; kudulira kumapeto. Mosasamala kanthu za mtunduwu, onse a begonias amakula bwino ndikusangalala ndi kukongoletsa kwawo pamtunda wambiri komanso nthaka yosakhetsedwa. Pakalipano, pali miyambo yambiri yothirira: nthaka ikamuma, poto lokha, simungathe kupopera masamba. Momwe mungasamalire bwino duwa kuti mulere bwino ngati chithunzi chomwe chili muma magazine a maluwa?

Magwero a begonia ndi magawo osiyana

Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu yopitilira 1 miliyoni ya begonias. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ili ku South America, ndipo yachiwiri ndi Asia (India, Himalayas, Sri Lanka), ndipo yachitatu ndi mbali yakumadzulo kwa Africa. Pali lingaliro kuti Africa ndiye malo obadwira, ndipo kuchokera pano adafalikira ku Asia ndi America. Kuthengo, mbewu zimapezeka m'malo otentha komanso mapiri.

Begonia kuthengo

Banja lidafotokozedwa koyamba ndi katswiri wazomera waku France dzina lake Charles Plumier. Mu 1683, adatsogolera ulendo wopita kuzilumba za Pacific, motsogozedwa ndi wamkulu wa atsamunda aku France Michel Begon. Pamenepo, wasayansi uja anapeza mbewu zomwe sizimadziwika nthawi imeneyo, adazifotokozera ndipo adazitcha dzina laopanga ulendowo.

Begonias odziwika masiku ano ndi osiyana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake kukula kwake, mawonekedwe, makatani a maluwa ndi maluwa. Ena amakhudzana ndi osatha, ena kwa chaka chilichonse. Pali udzu ndi shrub begonias, wokhala ndi zokwawa kapena zopindika. Koma pali chinthu wamba chomwe chimagwirizanitsa mbewuzi kukhala banja limodzi.

Makhalidwe a begonias:

• m'mitundu yonse, begonias ndi asymmetric, tsamba lodziwika bwino;
• maluwa - okongola;
• perianth - utoto wowala, wopanda;
• chipatso chokhala ndi njere chimawoneka ngati bokosi;
• Ma begonias onse amakula pafupifupi nyengo zofanana: kuwala kwa dzuwa, kutentha kwambiri, kutentha + 13 ... +22 ⁰C.

Kanema: Chuma cha mitundu ndi mitundu ya duwa

Begonias - maluwa azinyumba, minda ndi maofesi

Monga chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, begonia yakhala ikukula kuyambira mu 1856, pamene obereketsa adayamba kupanga ma hybrids. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri yamaluwa yayikulu, yotchuka kwambiri idapangidwa ku Belgium. Kusunga mbewuzi kunyumba sikovuta kwambiri, chifukwa sikukadakhala wotchuka. Begonias imalimidwa poyera komanso pazenera, imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo okhala ndi maofesi, polemba komanso padera. Maluwa amabzalidwa mumabasiketi ndi m'malo amaluwa kuti azikongoletsa makhoma, mipando, komanso ogwiritsira ntchito ngati mitengo yophimba pansi. Mitundu yobiriwira nthawi zonse ndiyothandiza m'minda yamaluwa iliyonse, ngakhale kapeti. Mitundu yaubwinobwino imamera pamakhonde, ma verandas, m'mabwalo otsekedwa.

Begonia, monga chokongoletsera nyumba

Chisamaliro chakunyumba chili ndi mfundo zake, mwachitsanzo, tuber imafuna nthawi yopumula. Onse begonias amakonda mpweya wonyowa, koma osalekerera nthaka yonyowa. Komabe, aliyense wobzala wobzala atha kumera mbewuyi. Kupatula apo, ngati china chake chasokonekera, ndipo begonia idayamba kuuma, mutha kutenga phesi kapena tsamba ndikukula ndikuyamba kukumbukiranso zolakwika zakale. Chikhalidwechi chimatha kuchulukana ndi tsamba, chomwe chimatembenuza mwachangu komanso chomera chabwino.

Zosiyanasiyana mizu begonias

Chamuyaya

Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pamtunduwu kumasintha mosalekeza. M'nyengo yotentha mutha kubzala mbewu m'munda, nthawi yozizira imalowetsa m'nyumba, ndipo ponse ponse pachimake izidzaphuka. Awa ndi osatha a herbaceous heroni. Zizindikiro zakunja, kuwonjezera pa maluwa okhazikika, ndizopindika masamba ndi kutalika pang'ono: kutalika - mpaka 36 masentimita, osakhazikika - kuyambira masentimita 8. Mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi masamba obiriwira kapena burgundy, yoyera, yachikaso, yapinki kapena yamaluwa amakhola, omwe, pomwepo, amakula Terry (mwanjira ya maluwa) kapena yosavuta.

Zitsanzo za zomera pachithunzichi

Matalala

M'nyumba zophukira za udzu zimaphulika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndikudziwitsa dzina lawo. Maluwa amapakidwa utoto osiyanasiyana ofiira, ndipo mapesi omwe amapangika ndikulendewera pansi pa kulemera kwa masambawa amafanana kwambiri ndi matanthwe. Masamba amawonekeranso achikondi: otambalala, matte, ndi ma slots, ma cloves kumapeto amafanana ndi mapiko a angelo. Wopatsa chidwi kwambiri amawoneka mumiphika pa coasters. Pochoka mosanyalanyaza kwambiri. Kutalika kwa Bush - mpaka 90 cm.

Maudzu oyendetsera mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe amafanana ndi miyala ya korali

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tuboni begonias

Izi begonias imamera m'makona amdima kapena m'makhonde. Maluwa awo ndi okongola kwambiri, kutengera mitundu, ndi ofanana ndi duwa, clove, daffodil, peony, camellia. Zimayambira ndimtundu, translucent; masamba ali asymmetric, ofunda mawonekedwe. Kubisala pansi pamtunda ndi nthambwe yomwe yakula mwanjira ya tuber. Potseguka, begonias pachimake kuyambira June mpaka Seputembara, ndipo m'chipindamo kuyambira nthawi ya Disembala mpaka Disembala, ndiye nthawi yopuma imayamba. Gawo pansi limaphwa, ndipo tuber imasungidwa mpaka nyengo yotsatira.

Zithunzi Zithunzi: begubas wambiri

Elatior kapena Begonia wosakanizidwa

Ma hybrid begonias adawelengedwa ku England podutsa mitundu iwiri: muzu wa Socotran (wochokera ku Chilumba cha Socotra ku Indian Ocean) komanso wolimba. Zotsatira zake chinali chomera chokongola kwambiri, chofanana ndi tuber, koma ndi mizu yokhazikika. Limamasula nthawi yozizira. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tchire komanso maluwa ambiri, okhala ndi mitengo yambiri, buluziyu amatchedwa "maluwa m'mphika." Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, Elator amatulutsa osati nthawi yozizira, koma pafupifupi mosalekeza, kwa miyezi ingapo. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi: Elatior Borias, yosangalatsa ndi maluwa a pinki terry okhala ndi kusintha koyera, ndi Elatior Baladin wokhala ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana mithunzi ya pinki: kuyambira oyera mpaka ofiira.

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Begonia Elator

Ampel begonias

Mtundu wina wa mbewu zapamwamba zamkati, kutchuka kwake kwakula m'zaka zaposachedwa. Gululi limaphatikizapo zonse mizu, ndi tuber, ndi ma hybrids. Amalumikizidwa ndi chizindikiro chimodzi - mphukira zokutira, zowongolera ndi maluwa azithunzi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: yoyera, yachikaso, yofiira, lalanje, yapinki. Zithunzi zowala za asymmetric zimawonekeranso zochititsa chidwi. Mitundu ya Ampel imabzalidwa m'mabokosi apakhonde, pamaluwa, pamaluwa amaluwa.

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Ampel begonias

Begonia zinthu kutengera nyengo - tebulo

Zikatero, mizu ya begon imaphukira chaka chonse kapena kwa miyezi yambiri (kutengera mitundu). Kwa begonias wokhala ndi matumba ambiri, gome ili ndiloyenera pang'ono. M'dzinja amadulidula ndikutsukidwa nyengo yachisanu m'malo amdima komanso ozizira (+12 ⁰C). Madzi kamodzi pamwezi, kumangonyowetsa dothi m'mphepete. Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Febere adaziyika pazenera, ndikuyamba kuthilira ndi kudyetsa, monga mitundu yonse yamaluwa.

Kanema: Tuberous begonias: matalala komanso kukula

Kubzala kwa Begonia

Ku Europe ndi USA, ndi mwambo kugula begonia yophukira, ndipo ikazimiririka - itayireni. Koma kwa anthu a ku Russia njirayi sioyenera, timakonda kusanja, kudyetsa, kusintha miphika. Begonias adasulidwa mu kasupe, ndi nyengo ino ndipo muyenera kuwagula. Popanda kuikidwa mu dothi lomanga, michere yogulidwayo imwalira posachedwa. Inde, mu sitolo yogulitsa, nthaka ndiyabwino, ndipo mbewuyo imagwiritsa ntchito michere pothana ndi michere. Chifukwa chake, pokhapokha kugula, begonia iyenera kuikidwa.

Pamalo omwe ogulitsira limodzi ndi maluwa omwe muyenera kugula:

• ngalande (miyala yofukulidwa ya dongo);
• dothi (la begonias, ma warts kapena chilengedwe chonse chamaluwa oyenda ndi peat);
• perlite, kapena vermiculite, kapena sphagnum moss (pakuwonjezera dothi, koma osafunikira);
• mphika 3-4 masentimita ambiri ndi ozama kuposa omwe amagulitsidwa; Chofunika: poto wokhetsa ndi mabowo okwirira.

Kuchokera pamadzi owonjezera mumphika, begonias amawola mizu yawo, duwa limamwalira. Chifukwa chake, dothi lifunika madzi otulutsa, opumira, madzi osakhalapo. Kuphatikiza apo, begonias amakonda nthaka yachilengedwe komanso yachonde. Sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutenge dothi kunyumba, kumtunda kapena m'nkhalango. Dziko loterolo limakhala ndi matenda komanso tizilombo nthawi zonse, ndipo acidity yake imadziwika.

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Zomwe mukufuna kuti mufalitsidwe ndi begonia

Begonia kupatsika magawo:

1. Tengani mphika watsopano ndikuthira madzi okwanira 2-3 cm.
2. Ngati pali ufa wowonjezera wow kuphika (sphagnum, perlite, vermiculite), onjezani mafuta owerengeka mumphika (kutengera kukula kwa poto ndi begonia).
3. Chotsani begonia mumphika wakale, gwiranani ndi peat kapena dothi pamizu pang'ono.
4. Khazikitsani duwa kuti lifike pomwepo ndikugona ndi nthaka yatsopano.

Kanema: Momwe mungasinthire begonia

Pambuyo pochotsa kunyumba m'malo ogulitsa begonias omwe adayamba kuzizira nyumba, ndikofunika kudulira khadalo. Chotsani mphukira zonse, kusiya zitatu kapena zinayi. Mwa mitundu ina, tsinde limodzi limakula, ndiye kuti simukuyenera kuchotsa zochuluka, muyenera kungofupikitsa. Mokulira mwamtambo mulibe masamba ndi korona, kudula mpaka lachitatu. Pambuyo pake, masamba ogona amadzuka, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zimayamba kukula. Zotsatira zake, chitsamba chobiriwira chidzakulanso.

Care ya Begonia

Kuthirira

Chapamwamba chowuma chimasulidwa. Ndipo pokhapokha nthaka ikauma kuya kwa masentimita 1-2, mutha kuthira mu poto. Njira yabwino ndikuyika mphikawo mumtsuko wamadzi mpaka dziko litadzala bwino. Kenako potoyo umabwezeretsanso poto, madzi owonjezera omwe amalowamo amalowa. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumadalira momwe zimapezekera begonia: pazenera ladzuwa, khonde lotseguka, m'mundamo. Potseguka madzi tsiku lililonse, m'chipinda, pakhonde, chotseka - masiku onse atatu. Bukulo liyenera kukhala momwe nthaka iliri. Madzi ayenera kufewa. Kuti muchite izi, umasefedwa, umatetezedwa.

Madzi akuthirira kwa begonias amathanso kufewetsedwa ndikupanga acidic pogwiritsa ntchito peat: 1 kg ya peat mu nsalu kapena thumba la gauze imalowetsedwa kwa masiku 10 ndi malita 10 a madzi.

Kuphatikiza apo, begonia ikufunikira chinyezi cha mlengalenga, koma masamba ake sangathe kupopera. Pali njira zingapo zakunyinyirika pang'ono: ikani makapu amadzi pafupi ndi duwa kapena kutsanulira mchenga, peat, dongo lotukulira, mapani mu poto ndipo nthawi zonse muzisunga chinyontho ichi. M'nyengo yozizira, ikani nsalu yonyowa pokonza batri yapafupi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Ngakhale begonias wobiriwira nthawi zonse amasintha nyengo zosintha. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yachisanu, kumakhala kozizira komanso kozizira pazenera. Chomera chimachepetsa kukula. Mukadyetsa nthawi imeneyi, ndiye kuti zimayambira kwambiri, masamba ake amakhala odekha komanso athanzi ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Chifukwa chake, begonias nthawi zambiri amadyetsedwa m'chilimwe, ndipo kamodzi pamwezi m'nyengo yozizira.

Pafupipafupi kavalidwe, kutengera nyengo - tebulo

Kanema: Momwe mungasamalire begonias

Chifukwa chiyani begonia sikumera?

Funso ili silidzabuka ndi mlimi yemwe amatsatira malamulo onse omwe ali pamwambawa. Ngati begonia ili ndi zonse zomwe zingachitike: kuwala kolowera, kuthirira popanda kuthirira ndi kupukuta mizu, kutentha koyenera, kuvala pafupipafupi, ndiye kumaphuka mochulukirapo komanso motalika kuposa momwe mitundu ingafunikire. Ndiye kuti, maluwa otuwa nthawi zonse amakhala okongoletsedwa chaka chonse, Elator - m'nyengo yozizira, mitundu ina yonse imayamba kuphuka mu nthawi yotentha.

Ngati vuto limodzi lokha. Begonias sikuti amabala nthawi yayitali, amasangalala ndi masamba okongola komanso maluwa ambiri kwa zaka 2-3, ndiye muyenera kutenga phesi kapena tsamba ndikabzala mbewu yatsopano. Wakale uja samakulanso ndipo sadzaphuka.

Kufalitsa kwa Begonia

Kudula

Kuti mupeze mizu, dulani apical tsinde 6-10 cm

1. Dulani tsinde ndi nsonga 6-10 cm.
2. Thirani malo odulira ndi matabwa ophwanyika, oyambitsa kaboni kapena phulusa.
3. Bzalani mu dothi lotayirira la begonias ndikuphimba ndi mtsuko.
4. Madzi mukayanika dothi kulowa poto, ngati bemon.
5. Pokhala ndi zotulukapo zabwino, phesi lidzazika mizu ndipo lidzakula mwa masabata 2-4.
6. Pang'onopang'ono dzazirani mbewuyo mlengalenga. Mutha kuyika msomali pansi pa khosi la zothekera, kuti poyambira kungolimbitsa wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo patatha masiku atatu chotsani chokho.
7. Ngati phesi lauma kapena lawola, bwerezesani kuyeserako ndi phesi lina.

Mwanjira imeneyi, begonias onse omwe ali ndi zimayambira amatha kufalitsa.

Leaf

Ngati masamba a begonia ndi ochepa, mutha kumera chomera chatsopano

1. Dulani tsamba lathanzi ndi mpeni wakuthwa pafupi ndi odulawo.
2. Ikani tsamba mumadzi owonjezera a kaboni (piritsi limodzi pa chikho cha madzi).
3. Ngati petiole ikayamba kuvunda, muyenera kudula m'malo athanzi ndikusintha madzi.
4. Mizu yaying'ono ikapangidwa, dzalani mumphika wokhazikika.
5. Wopeza chatsopano akayamba kukula, tsamba limawuma.

Njira ndi yabwino kwa begonias wokhala ndi masamba ang'ono. Zazikulu sizimakhala bwino kwenikweni, chifukwa zimafuna chakudya chochuluka, ndipo mizu yazing'ono imalephera kuthana ndi ntchitoyi. Chifukwa chake, begonias yokhala ndi masamba akulu imafalikira ndi zigawo za masamba.

Gawo la pepalali

Njira yoyamba

Tsamba limadulidwa m'magulu, aliyense amakhala ndi mitsempha imodzi

1. Tsamba limadulidwamo zigawo zina kuchokera kutsogolo mpaka kumphepete. Gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi mitsempha 1-3.
2. Ikani zidutswa za pepalalo pamwamba pa mchenga wonyowa kapena peat, mutha kuziwirira pansi ndikunyowa pansi.
3. Phimbani ndi thumba la pulasitiki kapena chomera chilichonse m'chiwiya chosiyana ndikutchinga ndi mitsuko.
4. Sungani chinyezi.
5. Nthambi zoyamba zimatha kuwonekera m'miyezi 1-3.
6. Pang'onopang'ono muzolowera begonia kumalowa mu nyumba ndikuchotsa pogona.

Patsamba, kudula kumapangidwa kudutsa mitsempha.

Njira yachiwiri

1. Pangani kudula pakati pa mitsempha chapakati ndi mitsempha yothina.
2. Kufalitsa tsamba pamadzi akunyowa.
3. Kanikizani ndi miyala.
4. Phimbani mphikawo ndi zojambulazo ndikuyika pamalo omwe akulu achikulire akukula.
5. Pulumutsani dothi.
6. Zikamera zikamera, pang'onopang'ono chotsani pogona.

M'malo akuwoneka ana ang'onoang'ono

Tuber

Tuberous begonia imafalitsidwanso bwino ndikudula kapena masamba. Mankhwala okhala ndi ma tubers ndi owopsa kwambiri, mutha kutaya mbewu yonse.

1. Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, mutatha nthawi yopuma, chotsani chubu kuchokera mumphika.
2. Ngati pali ana, asiyanitseni ndikuyika aliyense mumphika wina.
3. Ngati pali mphukira pa tuber, amagawanitsa ndi mpeni kuti gawo lililonse likhale ndi mphukira.
4. Magawo amawaza ndi makala kapena phulusa.
5. Kwezetsani zigawo za tuber pakati (zikumera, magawo pansi).
6. Phimbani ndi mtsuko, dothi linyowe.
7. Zomwe zimayambira kukula 7 masentimita, ikani manda kwathunthu.

Tizilombo ta Begonia taphukira

Mbewu

Poyerekeza ndi mfundo yoti begonias kubereka bwino zipatso, kukula kuchokera ku mbewu ndi yankho losamveka. Komabe, olima maluwa amagwiritsanso ntchito njirayi ngati palibe kunyumba kapena anzawo omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kenako mutha kugula mbewu m'sitolo kapena kwa obereketsa ndikuyesa kukulitsa maluwa okongola kuchokera ku mbewu yaying'ono. Kufesa mbewu kumachitika mu Disembala-Januware, kuti begonias idamasulidwa ndi masika-chirimwe.

1. Fesani njere panthaka yonyowa kapena piritsi. Kanikizani mbewuzo pansi, koma osayika.
2. Konzani mini wowonjezera kutentha: chivundikiro ndi zojambulazo, ikani chidebe chonyowa ndi chivindikiro, etc.
3. Pakatha milungu iwiri, ngati dothi silikuuma ndipo silinanyowe, mbande zimatuluka.
4. Sinthani mbande ku zenera lowala kwambiri kapena mudzaze ndi nyali. Pang'onopang'ono chotsani pogona.
5. Pakatulutsa timapepala tokwana 2-3, chomera chilichonse chimatha kuikidwa mumphika.

Kanema: Kufalitsa kwa Begonia ndi njere

Matenda a Begonia - Gome

Zithunzi Zojambula: Matenda a Begonia

Tizilombo ta begonia - tebulo

Zithunzi Zojambula: Tizilombo ta Begonia

Kangaudeyu ukukhazikika kumbuyo kwa tsamba. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timapha chomera chonse.

Scutellaria imakhala pamtengo ndi masamba, yokutidwa ndi zipolopolo ngati sera

Zotsatira za Improper Begonia Care - Gome

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Zotsatira za Improper Begonia Care

Ngakhale begonia ikufunikira chisamaliro, ichi ndi chomera chomwe oyamba angaphunzirepo. Mukalakwitsa ndipo duwa likamwalira, nthawi zonse mutha kudula phesi kapena tsamba ndikakulitsa begonia watsopano. Koma ngakhale ndi chisamaliro choyenera, izi sizikhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo pazaka 2-3 zakukula, zokongoletsera zimatayika: zimayambira zimawululidwa, masamba amakhala ochepa, owuma, begonia sikhala pachimake. Kubwezeretsa kapena kubzala chomera chatsopano ndikofunikira.