Poskonnik kuchokera kumtundu wa osatha ochokera ku banja Asteraceae. Mitunduyi ndi yambiri (pafupifupi mitundu ya 600), ina mwa iyo ndi yopangidwa ngati mbewu zokongoletsa m'munda.
Kufotokozera kwapfupi
Poskonnik ali ndi dzina lachiwiri la Eupatorium. Izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha dzina la King Eupator, yemwe, monga wolamulira wa Pontius, adagwiritsa ntchito chomera ngati mankhwala. Mu Russian, duwa amatchedwa Wumbi.
Maluwa pazenera sill
Zomera ndizofala ku kontinenti ya ku Europe, ku Asia, ku America ndi malo otentha aku Africa. Kwa hemp sapling, mkulu (kuchokera 70 mpaka 180 cm) molunjika wowongoka ndi wodziwika. Masamba a pubescent ndi osiyana. Masiketi ofiira ofiira ofanana ndi mabasiketi ali pamtunda pamwamba pa mapesi ali pakabowo.
Sill ya sill (Eupatoria cannabinum L.) imamasula kuyambira Julayi mpaka Seputembara. Mizu ndi gawo la udzu limatulutsa fungo labwino, limakoma kowawa. Imakula m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, komanso pamawonekedwe achinyontho.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe yatchuka
Mitundu yayitali (mpaka 1.7 m) Flore Pleno amadziwika, inflrycores ya terry idakhala zokongoletsera zake. Chimodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka ya Variegatum ndi maluwa apinki owala okongoletsera bwino, amakula mpaka 0.75 m. Koma masiku ano, obereketsa akupitiliza kupeza mitundu yatsopano ya duwa.
Shingles: Kuberekanso
Njira zitatu za kubereka zatchuka.
Kudula kwa zenera sill
Dzinalo la njirayi limachokera munjira yodulira. Izi zachitika kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June. Chinsinsi cha njira ndikuti zodulidwa ndi masamba atatu zimadulidwa kuchokera ku zimayambira. Amakhala ndi mizu mu wowonjezera kutentha, mutha kuphimba ndi mtsuko. Mphukira zomwe zimaphukira kumapeto kwa chilimwe zimasinthidwa kupita pamalowo - pamalo owala ndi dzuwa.
Zofunika! Mtengowo ndi wa hygrophilous, kumayambiriro kwa kukula kumafunikira kuthilira madzi ambiri. M'tsogolomu, muyenera kumunyowetsa nthaka momwe ikomera.
Nyengo yoyamba nthawi yozizira pamalo oyeserera ndiyeso lalikulu kwa odulidwa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba malo obzala ndi nthambi za spruce.
Kugawanitsa
Njira yachiwiri ikuphatikiza kugawa tchigawo kukhala magawo. Njira yakuweta iyi ndioyenera baka bus zaka 5. Njira yogawa imagwirira ntchito nthawi yophukira nthawi yozizira. Pogwiritsa ntchito fosholo kapena mpeni, muzu wopukutawu umagawidwa pawiri. Kenako mbande zimabzalidwa m'malo ena.
Zofunika! Tiyenera kudziwa kuti gawo lililonse lili ndi impso zitatu.
Kusokosera: momwe mungafalikire ndi mbewu
Kubzala mbewu kumayamba mu Marichi. Choyamba, mbande zimamera kuchokera ku mbewu m'chipinda chofunda. Popeza zinthu zobzala ndizochepa, zimakonkhedwa pang'ono ndi nthaka popanda kuzama. Kenako kuthirira kumachitika ndikuwonjezeranso kwa potaziyamu permanganate ndipo chilichonse chimakutidwa ndi filimu ya pulasitiki kuti apange greenhouse. Pambuyo pa masiku 20, mphukira zoyambirira zimatuluka. Kanemayo amachotsedwa ndipo atawonekera masamba 4-5 pa iwo, amayamba kudumphira m'madzi. Nyengo ikamakhala yotentha, mbande zimasinthidwa m'nthaka.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Poskonnik: Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyera
Mbande zamaluwa zimakula bwino ndikukula bwino.
Kutchera mphamvu ndi dothi
Momwe mungabzalale sill wowuna? Zonse zimayamba ndi chakuti zida mumazigwiritsa ntchito ngati mbande zokulira mbande. Nthaka imafunikira yotakasuka komanso yachonde. Zofunikira izi zimafanana ndi dothi losungidwa bwino lomwe la mbande. Iwo okoleza ndi michere yofunika mchere ndi kufufuza zinthu.
Kusankha nthawi yoyenera yofesa
Mmera wobzala ndi mbande nthawi zambiri umamasula mchaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu. Bzalani mbeu m'zipinda zofunda kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Mbewu zitha kusakanikirana ndi mchenga wabwino kenako ndikufesedwa mchidebe kapena bokosi pamwamba pa dothi lonyowa. Ndikofunikira kuwaza ndi madzi ndikuphimba ndi galasi. Chomera chimadziwika ndi kumera kwanthawi yayitali.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati mbande imangowoneka koyambirira kwa Meyi, ino ndi nthawi yovomerezeka.
Nthawi
Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu Marichi, ndipo chizimba cholimba m'masamba amapangidwa mu Epulo.
Kubzala mbande panthaka ndikusiya kugwa kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa June.
Momwe mungasamalire mbande
Pakubwera kwa timapepala tokwana totsimikizika, mbande zimasungidwa m'magalasi. M'mwezi wa June, mbande zimasungidwa kumalo obiriwira ozizira, ndipo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira kumabzalidwa pamalo pokhazikika kuti zikulire, kuchulukana komanso kusangalala ndi maluwa.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo ndi kukonzekera dothi
Mtengowo umakondwera ndi inflorescence, ngati kulima bud kumachitika m'malo oyenera. Mabasi amakonda chonde chonde chonyowa chokhala ndi malo abwino okhala ndi dzuwa m'malo otentha. Zikukula pang'onopang'ono pamthunzi. Chodzala chopanda chonde m'malo otsika ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yokulira shrub yopanda tanthauzo.
Zofunika! Dothi lamchenga ndi dongo limafunika kuyengereza koyambirira (kompositi, humus)
Tikufika
Mayendedwe abwino ofikira pamalo okhazikika - kasupe.
Kubala kumachitika pambuyo pa ntchito yoyambirira:
- kukumba;
- kuchotsedwa kwa miyala ikulu;
- ngalande;
- kupanga zowonjezera michere (chakudya cham'mafupa, phulusa, humus mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 3: 6) m'nthaka.
Kubzala mabowo kuyenerana ndi kukula kwa nthangala ya mmera, womwe umamasulidwa ku dziko lapansi lakale. Dothi lakuya masentimita 5 limayesedwa.
Mtunda wa pafupifupi 70 cm umasungidwa pakati pa zitsime. Kenako dothi lozungulira mmera limapangidwa ndikuthirira.
Tcherani khutu! Kuti apulumutse chinyezi ndikupanga cholepheretsa namsongole, alimi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito utuchi mulching.
Osatha m'munda
Poskonnik: Kulima ndi kusamalira poyera
Pazinthu zachilengedwe, chisamaliro cha pawindo chimakhala pakuvala, kuthirira, ndi kumasula dothi. Kudulira nthawi yakula sikumachita. Nthambi zodzichitira zokha zimafota zokha, zimayenera kutsukidwa munthawi yake.
- Kutentha ndi kuyatsa. Mtengowo ndi wa thermophilic komanso wojambulidwa, ngakhale ungathe kuyimitsidwa pang'ono.
- Kuthirira. Evpatorium ndi chomera cha hygrophilous. Nthawi zouma, muyenera kuthilira madzi nthawi zambiri.
- Kuwaza. Kupewera kwa tizirombo toyambitsa matenda m'nthawi ya kupopera tchire ndi fungicides kumaganiziridwa.
- Chinyezi. Ndi mawonekedwe ake onse kuti mukhale chinyezi, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mizu yake siikuvunda.
- Dothi. Mchamba wa maluwa amafunika dothi lopumira, kotero nthawi zambiri limayenera kumasulidwa ndikuyika mulowedwe, koma osati lakuya.
- Mavalidwe apamwamba. Zomera zimayankha bwino feteleza ntchito. Njira yolimbikitsidwayo (katatu pachaka) imapatsa mphamvu kuthengo kuti likule komanso maluwa ambiri.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya sill pazenera ndi:
- hemp, yemwe adatchedwa kuti amafanana ndi masamba a hemp;
- mawonekedwe otakwinya amagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Chokoleti yopanda ndi masamba akuda ndiyotchuka. Amadziwikanso ndi Braunlaub, yemwe ali ndi masamba a bulauni;
- wofiirira wokhala ndi timitengo ttimtambo wobiriwira ndi inflorescence ya chithokomiro;
- mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ali ndi mitundu ingapo, mwa iwo ndi malo opatsa chidwi kwambiri a Atropurpureum okhala ndi zimayambira zamphamvu ndi maluwa a kamvekedwe kofiirira;
- mawonekedwe a tubular amawasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ya Album, yomwe imakula mu tchire trapezoid tokhazikitsidwa kutalika kwamamita atatu.
Maonekedwe a maluwa
Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amatengedwa pafupifupi zidutswa 12. kapangidwe ka dengu. Matenda a chithokomiro m'mimba mwake amafika 12 cm.
Nthawi ya maluwa
Maluwa amatulutsa mu Ogasiti ndi Seputembara.
Zambiri! Zomera zimakopa chidwi mu Okutobala, pomwe zimawoneka siliva ndi zipatso ndi mbewu. Fungo la vanilla limakhalapo nthawi yonse yomwe ikukula.
Zosintha pakusamalira maluwa
Ndi isanayambike maluwa, kusamalira sikunanso kovuta kuposa chizolowezi. Ndikofunikira kuwongolera momwe dothi limakhalira, chinyezi chake, komanso kuchotsa udzu monga zikuwonekera pamalowo.
Kubzala kosatha m'njira yamasamba
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Limodzi mwa zovuta zazikulu ndikuwonongeka kwa masamba ndi tizilombo.
Mwa tizirombo ta mbewu, ogwira ntchito m'migawo ndi owopsa. Tizilomboti timakhala m'masamba ndi masamba audzu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sikugwira ntchito, mutha kuchotsa kokha mwa kuchotsa masamba owonongeka.
Zambiri! Pokonsnik samadwala matenda.
Zizindikiro zosamalidwa bwino
Chitsamba chimatha kusiyidwa popanda maluwa nthawi zina:
- m'malo otsika;
- Ngati chitsamba sichinaphuke kutulutsa maluwa.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Poskonniki amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gulu lamagulu ena kuti abwezeretsenso mtunda:
- ngati chomera chakumbuyo;
- kuwonjezera mitundu yosungidwa m'minda yamaluwa ndi dimba duwa;
- polembetsa madera okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja pafupi ndi matupi amadzi;
- kudula.
Kuphatikiza bwino ndi maluwa osatha.
Evpatorium pakupanga maluwa
Maluwa ataliatali okongola osatha kubzala amatha kubzalidwa m'munda wamnyumba popanda kuyesetsa kwapadera. Zomera zake monga mbewu yomwe ingathandizire bwino kukongoletsa nyumba yoyandikana, alimi a maluwa akugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira. Ndipo, monga mukuwonera pachithunzichi, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.
