Night Violet (dzina lina ndi "phwando lamadzulo") ndi duwa, okondedwa kwambiri ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa chabodza ndipo panthawi imodzimodzi ndi fungo labwino kwambiri, lomwe limakula ndi kuyamba kwa nthawi yamadzulo.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la sayansi la zomera ndi Hesperis (kuchokera ku Chigriki. "Hesperis ", kutanthauza" madzulo ".Usiku wa usiku wakhala ukukopa anthu kwa nthawi yaitali, kufotokoza kwa maluwawo ndi zolembedwa za dokotala wakale wachi Greek ndi filosofi Theophrastus ndi wolemba wakale wachiroma Pliny.
Mitundu yambiri ya usiku
Dzina lakuti "usiku violet" limaphatikizapo mitundu khumi ndi iwiri yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya zomera zosatha. Amaphimba chigawocho kuchokera ku Asia mpaka ku Central Europe ndi zonunkhira zawo, kulanda madera akummawa a Mediterranean.
Komabe, mmalo athu otsika pansi pa dzina lakuti "usiku violet" amakula maluwa awiri a Matthiola (dzina lodziwika bwino ndi lodziwika bwino) - kumanzere) ndipo, kwenikweni, Hesperis.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya levkoev, koma iwiri ndi yowonjezeka - ziwiri-zamphongo ndi imvi. Ndi chomera cha masamba awiri, chomera chaka ndi chaka, chimamera kwa miyezi iwiri ndipo chimadzipangitsa kukhala ndi mungu. Lili ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a 2-3 cm mu kukula, inflorescences amafanana brush wa mdima pinki mthunzi.
Maluwa amphuno a levokoy ali ndi mawonekedwe olondola, ofanana, ofewa kapena a terry, ngakhale pangakhale maonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Choyamba pachimake masiku owerengeka, chachiwiri - masabata oposa awiri. Mitundu ina yamatope imakhala ndi maluwa okwana 100 maluwa.
Komanso otchuka ndi Levkoi Starlight ndi Mafuta a Madzulo. Mattiola Starlight Amawoneka ngati chisakanizo cha mitundu ndi maluwa a mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ndipo amakhala ndi malo okwera (mpaka theka la mita) tsinde.
Mafuta a madzulo amasiyanitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa zonunkhira kwambiri ngakhale poyerekeza ndi ena oimira mtundu wa maluwa ofiira omwe ali pa nthambi ya nthambi (kutalika kwake ndi kochepa kwambiri kuposa kwa Starlight).
Hesperis (phwando lamadzulo), limaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya mausiku a usiku, omwe amapezeka mwawo ndi Matron, lat. - Hesperis Matronalis (iye ndi wamba, Caucasus, phwando lalikulu, Hesperis Matrona, mkazi wa Hesperis ndi ena ambiri.).
Maluwa pa phwando lamadzulo Matrona ali mitundu iwiri: yosalala ndi yofiirira. Tsinde la duwa ndi lalitali, osachepera 1 mita, masamba ndi oval oblong.
Oyimira ena a phwando lamadzulo ndi phwando lamadzulo la Siberia ndi phwando lamdima madzulo.
Chipani cha Siberia - imodzi mwa maluwa okwera kwambiri, tsinde lake likhoza kufika mamita 1.3. Masambawo ali ndi villi, maluwawo amakhala ofiira kapena oyera. Iyamba kuphuka mu June.
Zovala zamdima zakudaimatchedwanso chisoni, ndi shrub mpaka 60 cm wamtali ndi phesi lochepa ndi masamba ochepa. Maluwa ake ali ndi mtundu wodabwitsa kwambiri - akayamba kuphuka, amatembenukira bulauni kapena wofiira, ndipo pamapeto pake amasandulika mdima wandiweyani wakuda. Chimake kumapeto kwa kasupe - oyambirira chilimwe.
Kunena zoona, kutsegulira usiku sizimangotuluka. Dzina la duwa ndi chifukwa chakuti fungo lake likufanana ndi fungo la violet ndipo makamaka lolemera mu mdima mu nyengo yofunda.
Malo ndi dothi la usiku violet
Posankha malo odzala usiku violet, wina ayenera kupitiliza kuwona kuti chomera chimakonda kuwala. Komanso, phwando lamadzulo likhoza kumasuka bwino dzuwa ndi kuwala kosavuta, komabe, ngati nyengo ili yotentha kwambiri, usiku womwewo umatha kukhazikika bwino mumthunzi ndi madzulo.
Ndikofunikira! Dzuŵa lotentha limene limangobwera kumene ku mbande za usiku ndilotsutsana, choncho, ngati liphulika mofulumira kwambiri, chomeracho chiyenera kufesedwa m'malo othunzi.Mdima wa usiku umatulutsa lotayirira, wothira ndi chonde, pang'ono zamchere kapena ndale. Ndi bwino kukhala ndi laimu m'nthaka. Pakubwera nthawi yofesa usiku wofiira, nthaka iyenera kukumba, kusakaniza ndi feteleza (monga manyowa kapena manyowa) komanso zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera mchere.
Ngakhale phwando lamadzulo limatengedwa kuti liribe matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, sitiyenera kufesedwa m'malo omwe kabichi ina idakula, popeza kuti nthendayi ya matenda ndi zirombo zawo zimakula kwambiri.
Kufesa Mbewu Zomwe Zilikuda
Njira yayikulu yomwe mazira opangira mausiku amamera kuchokera ku mbewu., ngakhale kuti mitundu ina, makamaka mvula yamtundu ndi mitundu yomwe imafalikira kawiri pachaka, ikhoza kuberekanso pagawa.
Kulima kwa agrotechnical pa phwando lamadzulo kumakhala kofanana ndi zabwino zomwe zimakhala zofala m'madera athu, monga mallow, Turkish carnation, ndi Pansies (kuphwanya). Mukhoza kubzala mbeu za usiku kuti zikhale miphika (izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe), koma palibe zambiri mu izi - zomera zimamera bwino ngati zimabzalidwa m'munda, kumapeto kwa nyengo yachisanu.
Popeza mbeuyi ndi yaing'ono, iyenera kufesedwa mozama, koma osati yolimba kwambiri. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito makapu apadera oti mubzale osati kudzala violet pabedi, monga momwe ziliri pano zidzakhala zosavuta kuthana ndi kuthetsa udzu.
Pambuyo pofesa, nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa bwino (popanda kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okwanira, kuti asawononge mbewu) ndi kuphimba ndi filimuyo, yomwe imafunika kuchotsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi, yopereka nthaka.
Mphukira ya hesperis imawoneka pafupifupi mwezi umodzi mutatha kufesa, ngati dothi liri lotentha mokwanira. Usiku wa violet mutabzala samafuna kokha kuthirira, komanso kusamalira mawonekedwe a kumasula nthaka ndi udzu wolamulira. Pambuyo pofika mapepala atatu enieni, amawotchera, kenako amamwe madzi ambiri ndipo amawunikira dzuwa. Kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi, m'pofunikira kupereka munthu aliyense ndi "malo ake" ndi mamita 30 cm.
Kubzala usiku matrona violet kutseguka kumachitika kumapeto kwa chirimwe - kumayambiriro kwa autumn, pamene chomeracho chapanga kwathunthu masamba akulu.
Bloom hesperis imayamba kumapeto kwa chaka cha chaka chotsatira. Komabe, ngati chodzala chikachitidwa mofulumira, nthawi zina zomera zimakhala ndi nthawi yakuphulika m'chaka choyamba, komabe, mapesi oterewa sangathe kutchedwa maluwa. Chimake choyamba cha usiku violet chikhoza kutha kwa mwezi umodzi (kupitirira kwa pachimake kumadalira zomera zosiyanasiyana), koma kuyambira chaka chachitatu nyengoyi yafupika kwambiri, ndipo bedi la maluwa ndi usiku violet liyenera kusinthidwa. Tiyenera kuvomereza kuti wamaluwa ambiri samakonda izi.
Timasankha oyandikana nawo usiku wa violet
Pezani anzanu a usiku usiku wovuta. Mattiola amagwirizana ndi maluwa a chilimwe monga petunia, nasturtium, viola, komanso mitundu yambiri ya zokometsera - melissa, timbewu tonunkhira, basil, thyme, tchire, etc. - pamodzi ndi zomerazi zimapanga maluwa okongola ndi mithunzi. Chokondweretsa kuphatikizapo phwando lamadzulo ndi munda wa geranium, yarrow, monard, ndi nivyanik.
Kuphatikizapo fungo lopadera ngati mukubzala usiku violet pafupi ndi duwa, makamaka kukwera.
Ndikofunikira! Pogwiritsa ntchito flowerbeds ndi alpine slides ndi kutenga usiku violet, ziyenera kukumbukira kuti chomeracho mwamsanga umauma masamba, pambuyo pake sikumakhala bwino. Choncho, nkofunika "kusokoneza" phwando ndi anansi awo omwe, mosiyana, amayamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo amasintha mochedwa.
Momwe mungasamalire usiku violet
Kusamalira usiku wa violet - kaya ndi mattiola kapena hesperis - sikolemetsa ndipo kumatsatira malamulo osavuta.
Kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka
Ndi chikondi chake chonse cha chinyezi, makamaka pa chitukuko, usiku wa violet salola kuleza ulimi wambiri, komanso makamaka madzi omwe akukhala. Komabe, kuyanika kwa nthaka sikuyeneranso kuloledwa mulimonsemo. Choncho, kutsata ndondomeko yoyenera kutsuka usiku - zigawo zazikulu za kusamalira bwino mbewu. Kuthirira usiku kumakhala bwino madzulo, kupewa kusefukira ngakhale ndi madzi abwino.
Kuti dothi likhale losavuta, liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi yomweyo mutatha kuthirira. Izi zidzakuthandizani kusunga chinyezi nthawi yayitali ndi kuteteza dothi kuti liwume chifukwa chowononga zomera.
Feteleza
Zokwanira kuti muzitha kumera mbeu kamodzi pamwezi, pogwiritsira ntchito pazinthu zovuta zamchere feteleza zokongoletsera maluwa.
Popeza usiku womwe ukutuluka umasowa malo osalowerera kapena dothi pang'ono, kuvala bwino kwa kavalidwe ka madzulo ndiko phulusa: Sikuti imangobzala nthaka ndi zinthu zofunikira pa chomera, komanso imapangitsa kuti alkaline ayambe kuchita, choncho nthaka imakhala yochepa kwambiri, ndipo mzimayi wamadzulo amakhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri pa chitukuko, komanso amakhala ndi maluwa ochuluka komanso osatha.
Asanayambe kubzala m'nyengo yozizira, bedi lokhala ndi violet usiku limalimbikitsidwa kuti likhale lamtundu kotero kuti zomera zosamera bwino sizifa (izi zikhoza kuchitika ndi chipale chofewa komanso chisanu).
Mukudziwa? Fungo la matsenga la usiku violet linalimbikitsa anthu otchuka kwambiri kuti azisintha, ndipo olemba ena a Chirasha ndi olemba ndakatulo anaperekanso ntchito zawo ku maluwa awa.Usiku wa violet suli wosadziwika bwino maluwa, mu latitude wathu aliyense akhoza kukula, chifukwa izi ndizofunikira kutsatira malamulo ena ndi kusaiwala kupereka chomera pang'ono. Pulogalamu yamadzulo idzayamikira woyang'anira munda chifukwa cha ntchito zake ndi zonunkhira zamatsenga zomwe zidzakondweretsa kuganizira madzulo a chilimwe.
