Zili zovuta kupeza munthu yemwe sakonda juvu, zonunkhira ndi lokoma mabulosi - strawberries. Amakulitsa chozizwitsa chimenechi m'madera osiyanasiyana osiyana siyana a nyengo, pa dothi losiyana, pamene akugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana za agrotechnical.
Komabe, ochepa amadziwa zomwe zimayenera kukhala feteleza a strawberries, opangidwa m'chaka.
Pamene kasupe chakudya cha sitiroberi chimayamba
M'nyengo yotentha strawberries amadyetsedwa katatu:
- m'chaka;
- atatha kukolola;
- musanayambe kukonzekera nyengo yozizira.
Yoyamba sitiroberi feteleza ikuchitika pambuyo pa kasupe kumasula, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, pamene nyengo yachisanu imatha (April-May), ndipo masamba oyambirira amawonekera pa chomeracho. Pankhaniyi, zochita zonse zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba ndi mphukira, kotero feteleza ayenera kukhala ndi nayitrogeni (ndibwino kukonzekera zinthu zina).Kudyetsa strawberries ndi ayodini kumathandizanso kwambiri, makamaka makamaka m'chaka.
Nthawi yachiwiri strawberries amadyetsedwa pambuyo zomangiriza zipatso. Panthawiyi, mizu yatsopano imapangidwa ndipo masamba amaikidwa nyengo yotsatira, choncho feteleza ayenera kukhala ndi potassium komanso zothandiza. Kawirikawiri, panthawiyi pakubzala chomera, mullein amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi kudzaza nthaka ndi fetashi feteleza, phulusa limatulutsidwa m'nthaka.
Mukudziwa? Froberries amathandiza kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mavitamini C ali patsogolo pa currants okha, ndipo pali folic acid kwambiri mu strawberries kusiyana ndi raspberries ndi mphesa.Pakati pa maluwa, kuonjezera zokolola, zimalimbikitsa kupopera tchire ndi njira ya zinc sulphate kapena boric asidi. Popopera mbewu, zinthu zopindulitsa zimangothamangira masamba. Chitani njirayi madzulo, mu nyengo yopanda mphepo ndi youma.
Kodi manyowa strawberries m'chaka
Malinga ndi odziwa wamaluwa, kasupe kuvala wa strawberries kumayambiriro kasupe adzapereka mwayi kusonkhanitsa yabwino mbewu za zonunkhira zipatso. Koma ndi feteleza ati omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti asamawononge thanzi?
Manyowa opangira
Chimene sichikanatha kupanga feteleza mu makina a laboratories, fetereza yabwino kwa strawberries ndi manyowa ndi humus.
- Manyowa (mullein) - zinyalala kuchokera kuzipinda ndi nyama zoweta, zosakaniza ndi ndowe zawo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kufesa nthaka. Manyowa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ya fetereza, ngati mukufuna, kusiyana ndi kudyetsa strawberries masika musanayambe maluwa.
Kwa malita 10 a madzi, sungani magalasi awiri a manyowa ndi kuwonjezera supuni ya sodium sulfate. Zonsezi zimasakanizidwa bwino ndi dziko la kasheobrazny, kenako chimakhala madzi pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse (1 l). Mukhozanso kubalalitsa manyowa pansi pa mizu ya strawberries, ndi kuphimba pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza wa nthaka (masentimita 2-3).
- Humus - manyowa opasuka. Zimatengedwa kuti ndi feteleza abwino kwambiri pa nyengo ya mchenga, chifukwa imapereka zakudya zamtunduwu zomwe zimapangidwa bwino kwambiri.
- Zojambula za nkhuku. Ndicho chitsime chochuluka cha nayitrogeni. Pakuti strawberries amagwiritsa ntchito zofooka (pa gawo la manyowa 20 mbali za madzi) yankho la mankhwalawa. Kulowetsedwa kumaimira masiku atatu ndipo amamera ndi 0,5 malita a osakaniza pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Pambuyo pake, chomera chikukula mwamphamvu ndipo chimakondweretsa ndi zipatso zazikulu.
Ndikofunikira! Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mawonekedwe atsopano ali ndi mbewu zambiri zamsongole zomwe zimakonzeka kumera pa nthaka yolima.
Anthu amadziwa njira zambiri zowodyetsera sitiroberi ndipo ndife okonzeka kugawana ena mwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi funso "Ndi chiyani chinanso kuti manyowa a strawberries awonongeke?".
- Zakudya za mkaka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera pofuna kudyetsa, monga sitiroberi amakonda nthaka yochepa. Kuwonjezera apo, mkaka uli ndi calcium, sulfure, phosphorous, nayitrogeni, amino acid ndi mchere wina. Ndi bwino kuwonjezera mkaka wowawasa mu humus, manyowa kapena phulusa. Komanso, mkaka wosakanizidwa udzakuthandizani kuchotseratu nkhuku.
- Mkate Amaluwa ambiri amanena kuti ndi bwino kuposa yisiti kuti palibe njira yodyetsera strawberries mu May. Bowa wa yisiti uli ndi amino acid, mapuloteni, mchere, amathandiza kwambiri nthaka. Mizu ya strawberry imalimbikitsidwa, mabulosi amatenga zakudya zabwino ndikukula kwakukulu.
Kuti tichite zimenezi, mkatewu umathira madzi m'masiku 6-10, kenako zotsatira zake zimakhala kuchepetsedwa m'madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito yisiti yophika: 200 g ya yisiti yotsitsidwa mu 0,5 malita a madzi otentha ndikupita kwa mphindi 20. Kenaka sungunulani osakaniza mu 9 malita a madzi ndikutsanulira madzi ambiri pa chitsamba chilichonse.
- Namsongole. Kuvala izi sikungapweteke kaya strawberries kapena anthu. Pofuna kukonza feteleza, namsongole otsalira pambuyo pa weeding amasonkhanitsidwa ndikutsanulidwa ndi madzi. Patatha mlungu umodzi, njirayi imathiridwa pa sitiroberi. Kuvala izi kudzakuthandizani kuonjezera chiwerengero cha zipatso, posangalatsa kukhudza kukoma kwa zipatso ndi kuteteza strawberries kwa tizirombo tina.
- Phulusa. Spring phulusa la strawberries ndizothandiza kwambiri feteleza. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mizu komanso foliar kudyetsa. Mukhoza kuthira phulusa youmala mumsewu musanamwe madzi kapena mvula, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu njira. Kuchita izi, galasi la phulusa limapindikizidwa mu madzi okwanira 1 litre, ndiye kusakaniza kumayeretsedwa mu 9 malita a madzi ndi kuthirira pa mlingo wa lita imodzi pa 1 m².
Chifukwa cha kudyetsa strawberries mu spring ndi wowerengeka mankhwala, zipatso ndi yowutsa mudyo ndi yaikulu.
Mukudziwa? Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kwa strawberries kumalimbitsa makoma a mitsempha ya magazi ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Thandizani zipatsozi ndi kulimbana ndi kugona, komanso chitetezeni ku matenda a tizilombo. Ndi zakudya zokwanira zowonjezera zakudya, mukhoza kukana chakudya cha iodized.
Top dressing strawberries ndi mchere mankhwala
Manyowa amchere amagawo awiri:
- kwambiri mafoni - amasiyana ndi mlingo wa kuyamwa (phosphorus, magnesium, potaziyamu, nayitrogeni);
- kuchepa - chitani pang'onopang'ono (boron, chitsulo, mkuwa, manganese).
- ammonium phosphate wothira ammonium nitrate (2: 1) mu njira yothetsera madzi, chizoloŵezi ndi 15 g pa 1 mamita;
- nitroammofoska - Zomera zowonjezera pa dothi ladothi zimasowa fetereza izi;
- zokoma feteleza zovuta, kuphatikizapo potaziyamu, phosphorous, magnesium, nayitrogeni ("Chemira Lux", "Ryazanochka").
Manyowa amchere amathandiza kwambiri pakupeza zokolola zabwino: pomwe pali kusowa kwa nayitrojeni, zipatso zimakula pang'ono, zimalawa, ndipo masamba awo amatha.Kuti mupeze zipatso za shuga, strawberries amafunika potaziyamu. Kuonjezera apo, ndi kusowa kwake, chomeracho chimatha pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kugwa kungawonongeke.
Ndikofunikira! Sizowonjezera kudyetsa strawberries ndi urea m'nyengo yamasika, chifukwa urobacteria akadakali ndi mpumulo ndipo feteleza sikunakumbidwe.
Kodi feteleza yabwino kwambiri kapena organic?
Ndizosatheka kunena moyenera kuti ndi bwino kusankha strawberries - organic kapena mchere feteleza, popeza zonsezi zimakhudza kwambiri kukula ndi fruiting.
Mchere wamchere, mwachitsanzo, ndi othandiza ndipo samakhudza kukula ndi kukoma kwa strawberries bwino: zipatso zimakula zazikulu, zokoma ndi zokongola. Koma ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mosamala, kutsatira mosamala malangizo. Kuwonjezera pa zovuta kumakhudza osati zokolola zokha, komanso zaumoyo waumunthu. Kuwonjezera apo, feteleza zamchere sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito patatha milungu iwiri isanafike zipatso za zipatso.
Manyowa opangira Iwo sangapereke zipatso zazikulu, koma ndizotetezeka kwa anthu. Kuonjezera apo, zinthu zowonjezera zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pafupifupi pafupifupi kuchuluka, chifukwa zomera zimatenga zakudya zambiri monga momwe zikufunira. 
Ndikofunikira! Zovala zonse ziyenera kusungidwa mu chiwerengero chovomerezeka ndi kukonzedwa kuchokera ku zowonjezera zokometsera - ndi feteleza mopitirira muyeso, strawberries adzayamba kukula mofulumira, ndipo maluwa ndi zipatso zidzakhala zofooka ndi mochedwa.
Mbali kudyetsa strawberries mu kasupe
Top dressing strawberries m'chaka ndi chovomerezeka ndondomeko, koma si aliyense amadziwa kudyetsa achinyamata ndi wamkulu strawberries m'chaka.
Kodi kudyetsa zomera zazing'ono bwanji?
Young strawberries obzalidwa kugwa, m'chaka, simungathe kudyetsa konse, kapena mugwiritse ntchito njira yotsatirayi: mu chidebe cha madzi mutenge 0,5 malita a manyowa kapena manyowa a nkhuku, kuwonjezera 1 tbsp. supuni ya sodium sulfate ndi kutsanulira chisakanizo pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse kwa lita imodzi. Izi sizikhoza kupitirira.
Top kuvala wamkulu akulu baka sitiroberi
Froberries, osati kukula chaka choyamba, imakhalanso ndi chisamaliro chapadera, chifukwa nthaka yayamba, ndipo mbewuyo ilibe malo oti mutenge zinthu zothandiza. 
Kodi kudyetsa wamkulu strawberries mu kasupe? Kwa feteleza, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzimodziyo ngati zomera zazing'ono, musanayambe kudyetsa, mutamasula nthaka, phulani phulusa pansi (2 makapu pa 1 mamita).
Odziwa wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira ina: chidebe cha nettle kutsanulira madzi ndikuumiriza masiku 3-7. Njira iyi ndi yabwino kwambiri ya feteleza. Iwo amawaza ndi strawberries kumayambiriro kwa mapangidwe a chitsamba ndipo atatha kukolola.
Mukhozanso kudyetsa yankho mullein (gawo limodzi), madzi (magawo asanu), superphosphate (60 g pa chidebe) ndi phulusa (100-150 g pa chidebe). Chotsatiracho chimatsanuliridwa mu grooves opangidwa pamabedi ndi kuya kwa 4-5 masentimita. Chizolowezi ndi chidebe cha feteleza 3-4 mamita. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, malo odzaza ndi nthaka ndi kuthira madzi.
M'chaka chachiwiri, mukhoza kudyetsa nthaka ammonium nitrate (100 g pa 1 mamita), ndipo m'chaka chachitatu cha moyo sitiroberi amadyetsedwa ndi osakaniza superphosphate (100 g), potaziyamu kloride (100 g) ndi ammonium nitrate (150 g). Kusakaniza uku kokwanira 1 mamita.
Pamaso maluwa, strawberries amadyetsedwa ndi microelements: Mu chidebe cha madzi otentha oyambitsa 2 g wa boric acid, galasi la phulusa, 2 g wa potaziyamu permanganate, supuni ya ayodini. Pambuyo pa kusakaniza, imatulutsa spray ndi sitiroberi (madzulo). 
Kuvala kwapakati pa strawberries kumathandiza kwambiri pakupeza zokolola - zidzathandiza maluwa kuti ayambe kuthamanga msanga pambuyo pa chisanu ndikupanga ovary.
