Izi, mbatata ya ku Belarus "Lileya": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana ndi njira za chisamaliro

Mbatata ya Belarus si maluwa chabe, koma chizindikiro chenicheni chodziwika padziko lonse lapansi. Mwina ndi chifukwa chake mitundu "Lileya" ili ndi mafani ambiri.

Ichi ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha bulba - chachikulu, chokongola, chokongola komanso chokoma kwambiri. Kalasi imafufuzidwa ndi alimi ndi wamaluwa, imakhala yolimbana ndi matenda ndipo imabereka zipatso zambiri.

M'nkhaniyi tiona mbatata za Lileya kuchokera kumbali zonse - kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, zithunzi, zikhalidwe zoyambirira ndi malingaliro olima adzakuthandizani kupeza zokolola zabwino kwambiri.

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Lileya": makhalidwe ndi zithunzi

Makhalidwe apamwamba a zosiyanasiyana:

• Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zazikulu, masekeli 100 mpaka 200 g;
• mawonekedwe ozungulira-oval;
• Ziphuphu zabwino zogwirizana ndi kulemera ndi kukula;
• zolepheretsa sizing'onozing'ono; palibe zikhomo ndi ming'alu mumzu wa masamba;
• peel chikasu, wogawana mtundu, modyeretsa yosalala;
• maso osadziwika, osaya, kukula kwake;
• Masamba pa odulidwawo ndi owala;
• Makhalidwe okhuta kuchokera ku 11.4 mpaka 17.5%;
• tubers ali olemera mu mapuloteni, ofunika amino acid, cartocin.

Mitundu ya mbatata ya "Lileya":

Kulongosola kwa zomera

Mbatata yambiri "Lileya" imatanthawuza za tebulo yoyambirira. Zokolola ndi zabwino kwambiri, malingana ndi nyengo ndi zakudya zamtundu wa 1 hekita mungathe kusonkhanitsa kuchokera ku 246 mpaka 400 omwe amakhala ndi mbatata yosankhidwa.

Mtengo wotsikawu umakhazikitsidwa pa anthu 760 pa hekitala. Mbatata yokolola imasungidwa bwino, kusunga khalidwe pa 90%. Kutha kuli kotheka.

Werengani zambiri za nthawi ndi kutentha kwa yosungirako, za mavuto omwe angathe. Ndiponso momwe mungasungire bwino mizu m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, muzitsulo, mufiriji, peeled.

Zokolola za mitundu ina ya mbatata zimaperekedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi:

The shrub ndi yaying'ono kukula, wowongoka, pakati pakati, moyenera kupopera. Kupanga mtundu wobiriwira ndi wochuluka. Masambawo ndi ofiira, akuda, osakanikirana, ndi mapiri. Chomeracho chimakhala chokwanira, chophatikizidwa kuchokera ku maluwa aakulu oyera. Mizu yayamba bwino, mpaka mbatata 15 amapangidwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.

Tubers amangirizidwa mwamsanga, zipse pamodzi. Mbatata yoyamba ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kale pakati pa chilimwe., koma tchire kufika pamtunda wokolola pamapeto pa nyengo yokula.

Mbatata zimakhala zosavuta kusamalira, sayansi yamakono ndi yophweka. Imafuna nthaka yowunikira, mu osawuka nthaka zokolola zachepa kwambiri. Pa nyengo yodzala, muyenera kudyetsa katatu kawiri ndi mineral complexes kapena organic matter. Werengani zambiri za nthawi komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, momwe mungachitire mutabzala.

Kupaka ulimi wothirira kumalimbikitsidwanso. Mitengo osachepera 2 spudkupanga mapiri okwera. Momwe mungamere mbatata popanda kupalira ndi hilling kuwerenga pano.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagonjetsedwa ndi kusokoneza makina, komwe kumathandiza kuti kuyeretsa ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zidutswa. Mulching adzapulumutsa ku namsongole.

Zosiyanasiyana zimagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri otchedwa solanaceous diseases: khansa ya mbatata, golidi yoyambira nematode, nkhanambo. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi mavairasi. Zimangowonjezereka kwambiri tubers ndi masamba.

Werengani komanso za alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillium wilt.

Kukoma kwa mbatata ndibwino kwambiri. Zakudya zochepa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tubers zikhale zogwiritsira ntchito, zimatha kuphika, zokazinga, zophika, zophika. Kuyambira muzu masamba zokoma puree wa zokoma mtundu ndi analandira. Mbatata sizimdima pamene kudula kapena kuphika.

Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala omwe amapangidwa kumapeto kwa mafakitale ndi kotheka: zotsekemera za ku French, mbatata yosakanizika yowuma, mpweya wa mpweya. Manyowa koma ofewa a kukoma kokwanira bwino ndi abwino kwa chakudya cha mwana kapena chakudya.

Chiyambi

Mitundu ya mbatata "Lileya" ndiyambira ku Belarus, mu 2007 opanga adalandira chivomerezo cha Republic of Belarus. Zosiyanasiyana inalembedwa mu State Register of the Russian Federation mu 2008.

Zaperekedwa ku Central, Volga-Vyatka, kumpoto kwa West. Kulima kotheka pa mafakitale.

Mbatata ndi yabwino kwa amalonda ndi alimi olima. Zosangalatsa komanso zokongola za tubers zogulitsa, zasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitalipopanda kutaya khalidwe la malonda.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana ndi:

• kukonda kwambiri makhalidwe a mizu;
• zokolola zabwino;
• zokolola zasungidwa bwino;
• dziko lonse la tubers;
• kukana matenda aakulu;
• kusowa chisamaliro;
• kulekerera kwa chilala;
• kusasamala kwa nyengo ya nyengo;
• Makhalidwe apamwamba a tubers.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi mudzapeza chiwerengero chotsatira poyerekezera mbatata ya Lileya ndi mitundu ina:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Mbatata ikhoza kukula pamtunda uliwonse, koma imasonyeza zokolola zambiri. pa nthaka yowala, yathanzi. Kupititsa patsogolo nthaka kumathandiza kumasula ndi kupanga humus. Minda yabwino yofesa ndiwo udzu udzu kapena kabichi. Simungagwiritse ntchito malo omwewo kwa zaka zambiri.

Musanadzalemo, mbatata za mbeu zimasankhidwa. Mitengo ya nkhuni imayikidwa pamabowo. Mtunda pakati pa tchire 30-35 masentimita, lalikulu kanjira, kuthandiza kusamalira zomera.

Kwa chinyezi chachibadwa Njira yabwino yothirira madzi, kutsimikizira kuti nthawi zonse zitha kukhala zowonjezera mizu.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri - hilling. Zingwe zimakonzedwa 2-3 nthawi iliyonse pa nyengo ndi kuwonongeka kwa namsongole kamodzi. Nkhalango ikhoza kukhala yodzala ndi udzu kapena udzu wokha.

Kuwonjezera zokolola kudzathandiza kudya panthaŵi yake. Ndi bwino kusinthanitsa mchere ndi potassium ndi magnesium ndi zinthu zowonongeka (kuchepetsedwa kwa ntchentche mbalame kapena mullein).

Mankhwala owonjezera a nayitrogeni amatsutsana, maofesiwa amakhala ndi masamba ambiri kuti awononge zipatso.

Zokolola zisowa patatha sabata chiyambi cha kubowola. Kukumba koyambirira kumakhalanso kotheka, kungachepetse zokolola, koma zidzasunga zopanga kuchokera ku wireworm ndi kupweteka. Zosonkhanitsa zamasamba zouma pamphepete kapena pansi pa denga, kusankhidwa ndi kukolola kuti zisungidwe. Mbatata za mbewu zimachotsedwa ku tchire cholimba kwambiri komanso chodalirika, chiyenera kusungidwa mosiyana.

Malo ofunikira kwambiri kulima mbatata akupopera mbewu mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Werengani zonse zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito herbicides, fungicides ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mitundu ya mbatata "Lileya" imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ambiri: khansara ya mbatata, matenda a mavairasi, golide wothandizira nematode.

Tubers ndi masamba sizimakhudza kawirikawiri ndi kuchepetsedwa kochedwa kapena fusarium. Kuti muteteze pachimake cha mliriwu, ndikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mankhwala osakaniza ndi mkuwa wokonzekera.

Mitengo yobiriwira imakopa Colorado, mabulu, nsabwe za m'masamba.

Kupopera mankhwala a tizilombo kumathandiza kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zomwe zakhudzidwa zidula ndi kuwononga. Mitundu ya tubers ingakhudzidwe ndi wireworm (mphutsi za kachipinda kakang'ono).

Kupalira pa nthawi yake, kudumphira, kudumphira nthaka kumathandiza kupewa zochitika za tizirombo.

Takukonzerani zida zochititsa chidwi za njira zosiyanasiyana za mbatata. Maluso a Dutch ndi bizinesi ya mbatata, kulima mitundu yoyambirira, njira pansi pa udzu, mu mbiya, m'thumba ndi mabokosi opanda pansi.

"Lileya" ndi zokolola zokoma komanso zokoma kwambiri zoyenera mafakitale, ulimi kapena kulima. Mbatata zazikulu Zingagulitsidwe kapena zatsalira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito, ndizokoma, zathanzi, zowonjezera kwambiri, koma sizing'ono kwambiri.

Timaperekanso kudzidziwitsira ndi mitundu ina ya mbatata yomwe ili ndi mawu osiyana: