Philodendron ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la Aroid, lomwe lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 900. Philodendrons kuthengo amapezeka m'mapiri otentha komanso m'nkhalango zotentha, zomera zimakhala ku Central ndi South America. Popeza zomerazi zimakhala m'madera obiriwira, zimapangitsa kuti nyumba zogona zisakhale bwino, koma zimakula bwino m'minda yozizira. Philodendrons ali ndi makhalidwe okongoletsera okongola, masamba awo olemera amakupatsani inu kukula zomera monga tapeworms, komanso kupanga mapangidwe okongola okongola. Chomerachi chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya moyo: imatha kukhala yamkati-epiphytes, ndi epiphytes, ndi hemiepiphytes. Kawirikawiri, philodendrons ndi zomera zapiphytic, zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pothandizidwa ndi mizu ya mlengalenga. Motero dzina lakuti Philodendron, lomwe limatanthauza "Ndimakonda mtengo" m'Chigiriki chakale.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ina ya philodendron imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, imbe ndi philodendrons zamatsenga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ndizochitika zotani kuti mupange philodendron m'nyumba
Pofuna kukula ndi mafilimu abwino komanso othandizira, ndikofunikira kumuthandiza kuti azikhala ndi malo omwe amafunikira kuti azitha kumera, pokhala chomera.
Malo ndi kuunikira
Malo oyenerera a philodendron amathandiza kwambiri pakukula ndi chitukuko. Pakakhala shaded, zomera sizidzafa, koma masamba sadzaleka kukula ndipo adzanyoza. Pakhomo, ndi bwino kuika philodendron pamalo owala penumbra - malo osapitilira dzuwa. Windo lakumpoto chakum'maŵa ndi malo abwino kwambiri kuti apange zomera. Ndifunikanso kuteteza philodendron kuchokera pazithunzi.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikoyenera kukumbukira kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, philodendron ya golide-wakuda) imafuna kuwala koposa maonekedwe amodzi.
Mavuto otentha
Mu chilimwe, kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira +25 ° C. Mu nyengo yozizira kwambiri muyenera kupopera kapena kusamba masamba a chomera ndi madzi odzola kuti musawatenthe. M'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kusunga kutentha kuposa 15 ... +17 ° C. Mitundu ina, monga philodendron yofiirira ndi kukwera, imatha kupirira kutentha kwa + 12 ... +13 ° C.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji philodendron kwanu?
Philodendron akhoza kukula pakhomo pakhomo, kusamalira bwino maluwa. Komabe, palinso mitundu yopanda chidwi mumbewu imeneyi, mwachitsanzo, monga philodendron katatu, golide wakuda, kapena Andre, omwe ayenera kukulirakulira mwapadera.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Ndikofunika kuthirira mbewu mumasika ndi chilimwe 2 kamodzi pa sabata ndi madzi osankhidwa kutentha, ndi m'nyengo yozizira - osaposa kamodzi pa sabata. Nthaka nthawi zonse iyenera kukhala yonyowa bwino. Kuwonjezera kwa chinyezi kumakhudzanso chomera: masamba amasanduka wachikasu, ndipo kawirikawiri, pamakhala zofooka za philodendron.
Philodendrons amatha kukula masamba akuluakulu chifukwa cha mvula yambiri yomwe imapezeka kumadera otentha. Pansi pa zokolola zapakhomo, mitundu yambiri yobzala imatha kunyamula mpweya wouma. Komabe, kulola dothi kuuma ndi losafunika kwambiri. Poyesa kupanda chinyezi, chomeracho chimapanga masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi osavuta nthawi yoyamba atagula. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunikira kupopera kachilombo ka philodendron kawirikawiri ndikupanga mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri.
Feteleza
Kudyetsa philodendron analimbikitsa m'chaka ndi chilimwe milungu iwiri iliyonse. Monga feteleza, potaziyamu, nayitrogeni, phosphorous, komanso kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha 10-20%, ndizoyenera. Pano lamulo lalikulu likugwira ntchito: zochepa ndi zabwino, koma nthawi zambiri. Kudyetsa chomera ndikofunika kuti usapitirire kuwonjezera pake, pokhapokha malingaliro a masamba a chomerawo atembenukira chikasu kapena kutembenukira bulauni, masamba amafota ndi kufooketsa. Ngati dothi likadakalizidwa ndi humus, ndiye kuti sikofunikira kudyetsa iwo pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza ena kwa pafupifupi theka ndi hafu miyezi iwiri.
Kudulira
Kawirikawiri chomera chimayankha bwino kudulira. Kuti mukhale ndi philodendron mu kukula kwake, m'chaka muyenera kuchotsa mphukira zochuluka. Pofuna kuwonjezera kukula, muyenera kuzungulira pamwamba pa duwa. Philodendron kukwera lianas akhoza kufika mamita angapo m'litali, izi ndizosokoneza, kotero zimayenera kudula kuchokera pamwamba.
Thandizo kwa mipesa
Ambiri a philodendrons amakula nthawi yaitali komanso amayendayenda ngati anthu owomba. Choncho, nkofunikira kuti iwo athe kusintha chithandizo cha kukula. Izi zikhoza kukhala thunthu la mossy kapena khoma lopanda madzi. Pokhapokha ali ndi chikhalidwe chowoneka kukula masamba a philodendron amalowetsedwa ndi anthu akuluakulu khalidwe la mitundu kapena mitundu. 
Home Philodendron Kusindikiza
Kusindikizidwa kwa philodendron kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa nyengo, pamene chomera chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri. Ngati sichimawongolera nthawi, chomeracho chidzatha kukula, dothi lidzayamba kuwonongeka ndikuwonjezerapo mchere wambiri. Mukabwezeretsanso philodendron, nthawi iliyonse poto ayenera kutenga 5-7 masentimita aakulu kuposa kuposa kale. Chomeracho chiyenera kufalitsidwa nthawi zambiri, popeza mizu ya Aroids, yomwe imapangidwira banja lawo, imapangidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, izi ziyenera kuchitika chaka ndi chaka, ndipo zomera zakale zidzakhala zokwanira kamodzi pa zaka 2-3.
Kufunika kokonzanso philodendron kungathetsedwe pochotsa chomera mu mphika. Ngati dothi la dziko lapansi liri loyang'aniridwa ndi mizu, ndipo dzikolo silioneka, limatanthauza kuti ndikufunika kuikapo. Pofuna kubzala, mitundu ingapo yadothi ndi yabwino, koma yabwino kwa chomera ndi chisakanizo cha peat, humus, sod land ndi mchenga.
Kulimbana ndi zotheka tizirombo ndi matenda
Matenda a philodendron kawirikawiri amachitika motsutsana ndi malamulo ndi ndondomeko za sayansi yaulimi. Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa mu gawo lolemera kwambiri, mizu idzayamba kuvunda chifukwa cha kusowa kwa oksijeni, mawanga a bulauni adzawonekera pa masamba. Popanda kuwala kokwanira, variegated mitundu ya philodendron mdima, zofiirira mawanga amaoneka pa zoyera za tsamba. Ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, masamba akhoza kugwa. Ngati chomeracho chimawomba mapesi, chimatanthauzira zowola. Izi zimachitika m'nyengo yozizira ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi mpweya woziziritsa, womwe umapangitsa kuti pakhale kubzala. Pofuna kuchiza, muyenera kupiritsa philodendron mu mbale ina, kukweza kutentha kwa mpweya ndikusiya kuthirira.
Pakati pa tizilombo tomwe timayambitsa matendawa, timagulu ta kangaude, scythe, mealybug ndi thrips. Kuti awononge tizirombo, nkofunika kusamba masamba a chomera ndi sopo. Pambuyo pake, mukhoza kuthira nthaka ndi "Aktara" kapena "Confidor". Ngati ndi kotheka, bwerezani patatha sabata. Mitikiti imatha kulamulidwa ndi acaricides.
Ndikofunikira! Ndibwino kukumbukira kuti chomera ngati philodendron ndi choopsa kwa umoyo waumunthu. Amapatsa madzi omwe amatha kukhala poizoni kwa khungu komanso mazira. Pofuna kupeŵa kuvulazidwa, muyenera kumamatira kusamala pamene mukusamalira mbewu. Onetsetsani kuvala magolovesi, komanso kusamalira mosamala chida chimene chimasamalira zomera. Muyenera kusunga chomera kuchoka kwa ana aang'ono ndi zinyama.
Kubereka kunyumba
Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira philodendron. Yoyamba ndi njira ya mbewu, yachiwiri ikuphatikizidwa ndi ina yothandizidwa ndi zidutswa za thunthu. Pamene zokolola zimatenga zidutswa za thunthu, zingakhale popanda masamba, koma nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi masamba. Ikani mu chidebe ndi peat pansi, kuphimba ndi zojambulazo, nthawi zina sprayed. Mphukira ikangoyamba kukula, imagawidwa ndi chiwerengero cha mphukira zachinyamata ndikubzala miphika.
Kudula kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera kubzala zinthu kuchokera ku chomera chomwe chilipo, kuti mbeu iliyonse ikhale ndi mphukira. Asanachepetse philodendron, kubzala ziyenera kukhazikika kwa mwezi umodzi + kufika 25 ° C, kenaka n'kuziika m'miphika. Mutabzala, ndi cuttings ali ndi filimu yopanga zinthu zapamwamba chinyezi. Pezani filimuyo pambuyo poti mizu yayamba bwino. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kumera kwa kubzala ndi 18 ... + 20 ° C mu chilimwe; m'nyengo yozizira usiku - mpaka +16 ° C. Pakulima philodendron gwiritsani ntchito gawo ili: humus (magawo awiri), nthaka ya sod (gawo 1), peat land (gawo limodzi), mchenga (1/2 mbali).
