Mtengo wa pichesi ndi chomera chakumwera chomwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri ndipo chimaganizira zinthu zambiri pamene zibzalidwa, pakukula ndi kusamalira. Zipatsozi ndi zothandiza komanso zokoma, zili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza komanso mavitamini.
Chifukwa cha machiritso ake, nthawi zambiri amadya zakudya zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kwa matenda ambiri. Zipatso zokolola za pichesi zili ndi mavitamini ambiri, mafuta ofunikira, magulu a mineral, ascorbic acid, pectic, komanso carotene ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza.
Koma pofuna kukula mtengo wamtengo wapatali, m'pofunika kutsatira malamulo ena a chisamaliro chake kuyambira pachiyambi cha kupeza. Izi zimakhudza kukonzekera kubzala ndipo pichesi imabzala.
Kukonzekera kukwera
Kuyika munda wa pichesi n'kofunika kuti mudziwe malamulo ochepa omwe akubzala. Zinsinsi izi zidzakhudza chitukuko ndi kukula kwa mbeu:
- Choyamba, pamene mutenga mtengo, munthu ayenera kumvetsera mwamphamvu ndi chigoba nthambi. Pokonzekera nyemba kuti zitheke, phokoso la mbewulo likulumikizidwa mu nsalu yonyowa, ndipo chikhalidwe chomwecho chimayikidwa mu thumba, chikhoza kukhala polyethylene. Ndikofunika kuti pamene kutumiza sapling palibe kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha, ndipo muzu wake sumawuma komanso suma. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mtengowu umayamba bwino kwambiri.
- Kachiwiri, chofunikira ndi malo omwe pichesi idzakhala. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ichi ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri, chomwe chimakula mofulumira ndi fruiting - zokolola za zipatso zokoma zikhoza kukololedwa kale chaka chachitatu mutabzala.
- Chachitatu, pichesi imakonda dzuwa, malo okongola, kumene kulibiretu mphepo. Gawo lakum'mwera, kumwera-kumadzulo ndi kumadzulo kwa malowa, kumene kuli mpweya wabwino kwambiri wa mpweya, makamaka ngati uli otsetsereka, ndi wangwiro. Ngati pali mpanda kapena khoma kumunda, kuika mtengo wamtengo wapatali wamtengo wapatali pansi pano ndi njira yabwino. Kapangidwe kameneko kadzakhala m "malo ovuta kwambiri kumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa chimphepo chakuda, ndipo mtengowo udzalandire kutentha kwina kuchokera pamtunda wake.
- Chachinayi, pichesiyo silingalekerere mthunzi, choncho nthawi zambiri imabzalidwa kutali ndi mitengo yakale. Pamalo othuthuka, mphukira za zomera sizikhala ndi nthawi yokhala ndi makungwa ndi autumn, ndipo mphukira za maluwa sizinayikidwapo. Izi zimachepetsa zokololazo ndipo zimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la chipatso. Ndipo chirichonse chovuta kumatha kuwononga mtengowo.
- Chachisanu, mutabzala pichesi, ndiyeneranso kupewa kupezeka, kunyowa ndi madontho. Ndipo malo omwe mpweya sungakhoze kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kodi ndi zofunikira zotani kuti nthaka ikhale yotsika?
Onetsetsani, musanadzale pichesi, muyenera fufuzani momwe dzikoli likuyendera pa chiwembuchokumene izo zidzakula, zimadalira momwe mtengowo udzakhazikitsire mu malo atsopano komanso kaya ukhala kumeneko.
Kotero:
- mtengo wa pichesi si woyenera kuunika kwa mchenga ndi madzi ambiri;
- Sitikukula pa nthaka ndi loamy nthaka;
- ngati titenga zowonongeka ndi zokonda za pichesi, tiyenera kudziwa kuti nthaka yabwino kwambiri yokolola imakhala yabwino. Zingatheke kukonzedwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa nthaka, ngati ngalande yabwino imalengedwera pansi, chifukwa miyala, miyala, njerwa, njerwa ndi zina zotere zimatsanulira pansi pa dzenje chifukwa chodzala;
- Kusankha malo kwa pichesi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ichi ndi chomera chakumwera chimene chimamera bwino pa sing'anga loamy nthaka ndi chinyezi chabwino ndi kusintha kwa mpweya;
- Chomera china chimakonda nthaka yakuda, yomwe imakhala yolemera mu humus.
Choyamba, nthaka yomwe mtengowo udzabzalidwa iyenera kukumbidwa. Izi zimachitidwa kudzaza dziko ndi mpweya, kuyeretsa namsongole osiyanasiyana ndi mizu yawo.
Ngati panthawi yoyendetsa nthakayo atatsimikiziridwa kuti nthaka ndi yosauka mu malo, malo a mtengo ayenera kukonzekera chaka chisanafike kukonzekera.
Choncho, kugwa kwa dzenje kubzala:
- feteleza ndi organic, ndi mchere;
- manyowa, superphosphate, potaziyamu kloride ndi phulusa la nkhuni amawonjezeredwa pansi kukumba;
- feteleza zonse zimasakanizidwa bwino ndi nthaka, ndiye mitengo imadyetsedwa ndi kusakaniza.
Kodi feteleza amafunikira?
Zomwe zimapanga nthaka zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa micronutrients zofunika pakukula komanso kukula kwa mtengo, zomwe zimayambidwa panthawi yobzala ndikuwonjezeredwa panthawi yosamalira mtengo. Mwachitsanzo nthaka yowala yomwe ili ndi zochepa zomwe zimapanga zinthu, kwabwino fruiting ndi kukula kwa munda mbewu, amafuna mineral pachaka ndi zakudya zam'thupi.
Mitengo yowonongeka imadyetsedwa ndi nayitrogeni, potashi, phosphorous, ndi nthawi zina feteleza. Pakati pa feteleza, ndibwino kuti muyambe kulingalira nthawi yambiri ya kuthirira munda. Kumwa madzi mobwerezabwereza kumathandiza kuti pakhale gawo lalikulu la feteleza. Choncho, munda wamadzi wokhazikika umayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza.
Pakatikatikatikatikati kumasika kukumba, zaka zoyambirira za moyo wa mtengo wachinyamata - izi ndi zaka 2-3 mutabzala, nayitrogeni feteleza amatsanuliridwa mu malo oyandikana nawo. Izi ammonium nitrate, ndi urea. Ndiponso, ndi yemweyo periodical, kupanga organic feteleza. Pakukula mtengo, mlingo wa feteleza ukuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono ndi 15-20 g pa zaka 2-3.
Komabe, munda uliwonse wa zipatso umalidwa ndi otchedwa greenpeter wobiriwira. Kuchita izi mu mtengo wa pichesi Zomera monga mafuta a radish, colza, lupine ndi canola afesedwa. Mitengo iyi imakhala ngati mchenga ndipo imatha kubwezeretsa humus.
Chinachake chokhudza dzenje
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka kwambiri mitengo yodzala. Yesani kuchita izi musanaphuke. Mtengo wa peach, ambiri wamaluwa amalimbikitsanso kudzala nthawiyi. Potsitsa kukonza maenje apadera. Chofunika kukumba mabowo molingana ndi kale anakonzekera dongosolo, kuyambira autumn, pamaso pa isanayambike woyamba ozizira nyengo. Pachifukwa ichi, mizere iyenera kukhala pamtunda wapafupi kutsogolo kuchokera kum'mwera kupita kumpoto.
Ndipo ngati ndondomeko yoyenda pamtunda, ndiye Mizere yayikidwa kudutsa pamtunda. Kukula kwa dzenje likuyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwake. Koma, m'pofunikira kuchimba kuti mzu wonse wa mtengowo ukhale bwino. Mthunzi wa peach umatengedwa ngati dzenje la kukula, kumene kuya kwake ndi 50-60 masentimita, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi 40-50 cm.
Momwe mungasankhire sapling
Pogula mbande za zomera zilizonse, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse lamulo lofunika kwambiri - kugula mbewu zakulima, ndi mbewu zina zilizonse, ndizofunika pa malo osungirako kapena pazipangizo zapadera.
Choyamba, mudziwe mtundu wa pichesi, yomwe ingakwaniritse bwino nyengo ya malo omwe mukufuna kukonzekera. Kuonjezerapo, pamene mukugula chomera, onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane ndi wogulitsa kumene sapelesi imachotsedwa ndi ngati ingasinthe kudera lanu.
Pa nthawi yofunika kwambiri yogula, ndifunikanso kuyang'anitsitsa malo omwe katunduyo akukula ndi kukulumikiza. Iyenera kuyang'ana yosalala, yopanda madzi ndi kuswa.
Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane khungwa la rhizome ndi mmera. Mu mmera wathanzi, pamalo omwe khungwa lawonongeka, utsi wobiriwira umakhalabe, osati wosanjikiza. Pamene kudula mizu ndi mitsuko yakuthwa, pakati pa mdulidwe ukhale woyera, izi zikutanthauza kuti mmera uli wamoyo.
Kukonzekera mmera chifukwa chodzala
Pakatikati pa kubzala kwa mtengo wa pichesi, muyenera kukhala osamalitsa komanso osamala. Kawirikawiri, mitengo yaying'ono imagulidwa nthawi yayitali kugwa, ndipo imaphatikizidwira mkati mwawo kuti ipitirire mpaka kufika masika.
Monga lamulo, chinyezi ndi kutentha zimakhala pa prikopanny sapling, zimathandiza kuti kutupa kwa masambawo ku nthambi ndi thunthu. Maluwa amenewa ndi osakhwima ndipo amatha kuonongeka mosavuta, omwe ndi owopsa kwa mtengowo. Kudzala kolakwika, pali zambiri zowonongeka zazing'ono zazing'ono zomwe, pambuyo pake, zingakhudze kukula bwino kwa pichesi.
Kukonza mmera chifukwa chodzala, iwo amadula mbali zonse zouma zazu pa izo. Ndipo ngati mizu yayuma, imayikidwa mu madzi kwa maola 24. Ndiye Mtengowo umabzalidwa mu dzenje lokonzekera pansi pomwe mtunda umatsanulidwa kuchokera ku dothi losakaniza ndi feteleza. Mtengo wabzalidwa pa hillock iyi, mizu yake imayikidwa ndi yovundikira ndi dziko lapansi.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, malo opitako amasiyidwa masentimita 4 mpaka pamwamba, ndipo mimba ya mbeu imatembenuzidwa kumpoto. Pambuyo pake, nthaka imapondaponda pansi (kuti izi zichitike molondola pamtengo wa mtengo), ndipo mtengo wokha umathiriridwa bwino ndi ndowa 2-3 za madzi. Mchenga wa dziko pamwamba pa mulch 8-10 masentimita a manyowa.
Anabzala mbande zabwino kwambiri za chaka chimodzi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, 3-4 nthambi zamphamvu zimatsalira pa zomera kuchokera pansi, zomwe zimadulidwa, kusiya 3-4 masamba. Nthambi yapamwamba, yomwe ndi thunthu, imfupikitsanso.
N'zosangalatsanso kuwerenga za mapepala otchuka a pichesi.
Timayambitsa kubzala sapling.
Kuyala Mitengo ya Peach adalimbikitsidwa kuti azikhala mwamtendere. Nthawi imeneyi ili kumapeto.
Inde, mbeuyi ingabzalidwe mu kugwa, makamaka ngati ikukhudza madera akumwera ndi nyengo yakuya, koma kubzala kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mtengo uwu wokonda kutentha usalole kutentha ndikumwalira m'nyengo yozizira yomwe sitingafune.
Ndikadzala liti?
Mtengo wa zipatso wa Peach m'njira yabwino amapulumuka patatha kasupe kubzala. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi chiyambi chakumwera kwa chikhalidwe ichi. Kubzala mitengo yotereyi, sitimapatsa mwayi wokonzekera kutentha. Ndipo mtengo wosakonzekera umawombera kwambiri pamene chisanu chimachitika.
Momwemo, mbande za pichesi zimabzalidwa kumayambiriro mvula isanayambe maluwa, kwinakwake kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March. Nthawiyi imakhala yabwino komanso chifukwa chakuti pali chinyezi chokwanira mu nthaka yofunikira kuti kukula kwa mtengowo.
Ponena za kuya kwake
Kubzala mtengo uliwonse uyenera kuganizira kukula kwa mbeu. Kwa pichesi dzenje linakumba pafupifupi 40-50 cm lakuya. Pa nthawi yomweyi, malo omwe mtengowo unkalumikizidwa ayenera kupita 5-10 masentimita mpaka pansi.
Ngati mtengowu umakhala wolimba kwambiri m'nthaka, umathandiza kuti necrosis ya m'munsi mwa makungwa a mtengo, yomwe imakhudza mtengo wokha komanso kukula kwake. Ngati palibe chokwanira chodzala mozama, muzu wa mtengo udzakhala wovutikira, womwe umakhudzanso kukula kwake. Choncho, kuya kwakukulu ndi njira yabwino yobzala.
Kodi feteleza amafunikira?
Kuphika kumunda kwa zomera, kuphatikizapo pichesi, ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa chisamaliro, chifukwa ndi nthawi yomwe mtengo ukuyamba kukula ndi kupeza mphamvu kwa maluwa ndipo kenako kubereka zipatso.
Peach mokwanira kudya mwakachetechete, koma malamulo ena a feteleza alipo. Izi ndizofunika makamaka pakufika kwake.
Molunjika Musalangize kudyetsa nthaka mutabzala. Ikhoza kutentha mizu yachinyamata ya mtengo wachinyamata. Manyowa onse, onse amchere ndi organic, akuwonjezedwa ku dzenje lakudzala kuyambira autumn.
Kusamalira bwino mitengo
Popeza mwalima mtengo wamtengo wa pichesi, ndikutsatira malamulo onse omwe alembedwa, nkofunikanso kuti musaiwale kuti tsopano chomeracho chimafuna kusamalidwa nthawizonse, chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro. Ndipo kukula kwake koyenera, chitukuko ndi nthawi zonse za fruiting zidzakhudzidwa ndi momwe zimathirira, kutetezedwa ndi kudyetsedwa.
Choyamba pa kuthirira
Zilibe kanthu nthawi yobzala, kuyamwa ndi kuthirira kumathandiza kwambiri kuti mitengo ya pichesi ipitirirebe patsogolo komanso kukula kwake. Mulch imateteza mawonekedwe a kutumphuka ndipo amathyola pansi pamtengo pafupi ndi mtengo, komanso zimakhudza kubereka kwa mphutsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aeration a nthaka akhale m'mphepete mwa zomera.
Mtengo wa peach wosagwirizana ndi nyengo youma, komabe kusowa kwa madzi okwanira kumakhudza chitukuko cha mbewu, zokolola zake, ndi khalidwe la chipatso. Mu nyengo yowuma, mtengo umathirira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June ndipo kumatha mu August kamodzi pa masabata awiri kapena atatu. Pa ulimi wothirira, madzi amathiridwa madzi 1-2 m'mphepete mwa phesi.
Komanso pamwamba pa kuvala pamwamba
Mutabzala pichesi, Nthaka pafupi ndi bwalo lake imayendetsedwa nthawi zonse. Izi zimalepheretsa kuyanika ndi kugwedeza nthaka, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mizu ya mtengo, ndipo zingakhudze kukula kwake ndi chitukuko. Ndi cholinga chomwecho, mutabzala, kuzungulira thunthu, mukhoza kupanga kamphindi kakang'ono kuchokera pansi pamtunda wa masentimita 30. Izi zidzathandizanso kusunga chinyezi ndikuletsa kuthamanga kwa nthaka ndi mizu ya mtengo.
Mchere wa chaka chilichonse amawonjezeredwa ku mtengo wa mtengo wa mtengo.
M'chaka, awa ndi nitrogenous feteleza (ammonium nitrate) kapena urea.
Mu kugwa - phosphate ndi potashi feteleza.
Ndizothandiza kupanga manyowa ndi humus kamodzi pa zaka 2-3.
Kawirikawiri, alimi odziwa bwino ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito zotchedwa "zobiriwira". Kwa munda wamunda uwu Bzalani mbewu zosiyanakumene, pambuyo pake, zobiriwira feteleza zimapezeka.
Pitani ku chitetezo cha mtengo
Peach ndi chomera kwambiri, chomwe chimakhala ndi matenda ambiri, ndi tizirombo zomwe timakonda kwambiri. Adani aakulu a mtengo wa pichesi ndi monilioz (zipatso zakuda zowola), powdery mildew, ndi zovuta zowonongeka. Matenda atatuwa ndi fungal, omwe amaletsedwa, ndipo musalole kuti mtengowo udwala.
Mazira a moniliosis otentha m'magulu okhudzidwa ndi zipatso zouma. Choncho, njira yothandiza kuthana ndi matendawa ndi mitengo itatu yodulira. Njira yomweyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita ndi powdery mildew.
Kudulira koyamba kuchitidwa kumayambiriro kwa masikaYachiwiri - sabata itatha maluwa, ndi yotsiriza - mu kugwa. Dulani nthambi, mutenge zipatso zovunda ndi masamba owuma, odwala matenda, opsa.
Kuwombera koyambanso ndi matenda a fungal, njira yoyenera yowonetsera yomwe imayenera kuwaza mtengo ndi Bordeaux osakaniza kapena Horus. Njirayi ikuchitika katatu pa chaka: Masana oyambirira asanatuluke, kugwa ndipo masamba atagwa.
Peach amafunika chitetezo komanso m'nyengo yozizira. Kuti muchite izi, mtengowu uli ndi burlap kapena zinthu zina zomwe zili pafupi. Pali njira yodalirika kwambiri yotetezera chisanu - ndizitali mamita 50-60 masentimita, omwe amamangidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pansi pamtengo wa mtengo, ndipo imatheratu m'chaka.
Choncho, kudziwa zinthu zonse ndi zobisika zobzala pichesi, kubzala mtengo wofunikira ndikuusamalira sikovuta. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mtengo wokongola, wokonzeka bwino udzamera m'mundamo, ndipo patebulo padzakhala yowutsa mudyo, zipatso zabwino zamapichesi.
