Kulankhula za mitundu yabwino yamatcheri, ndikofunikira kuyitana zolemba zosiyanasiyana. Chisamaliro choyenera chimatsimikiziridwa kutipatsa ife zonunkhira, zipatso zokoma. Timapereka owerenga chidwi kuti aganizire izi zosiyanasiyana mwatsatanetsatane.
The Iput lokoma chitumbuwa zosiyanasiyana amatanthauza yozizira-Hardy, skoroplodny mitundu ndi pafupifupi zokolola ndi oyambirira zipatso yakucha. Mtengo wa chitumbuwa umakula mpaka kufika kutalika, uli ndi zipatso zazikulu. Izo ndi zazing'ono zobala mitundu.
Kuwonjezera pa kukoma kwabwino, chitumbuwa chokoma chimadziwika ndi zothandiza komanso zosiyana. Zipatso zamtengo wapatali zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi mchere wambiri: shuga, ayodini, calcium, chitsulo, potaziyamu, mavitamini A, C, B1, B2, PP. E, imakhalanso ndi asidi ascorbic ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi pectins.
Yamakiti akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito ndi kuchepa kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwakukulu.
Kufotokozera
Zipatso
Zosiyanasiyana "Kuika" zimatikondweretsa ndi zipatso zapakati, pafupifupi ma galamu asanu ndi awiri a chitumbuwa chokoma kwambiri, koma amatha kulemera ndi 9.7 magalamu. Fomu Zowoneka ngati mtima ndi pulasitiki, pamwamba pake zili ndi dothi loyera.
Ndikondweretsanso kuwerenga za zokoma kwambiri za chitumbuwa chokoma.
Mtundu chitumbuwa ndi mdima wofiira, koma mukamakula mokwanira, mtundu wake umasintha, umakhala wakuda. Pakati pa kuchulukitsitsa kwa madzi, madzi a chitumbuwa - mdima wofiira.
Tsabola yotsekemera ili ndi phesi lalifupi ndi lakuda. Mafupawa amafanana ndi dzira, bulauni yofiirira, ndi nsonga yozungulira ndi nsonga yachitsulo, imamatira pang'ono. Zakudya zokoma, zokoma, zokoma kwambiri ndi zokongola za chitumbuwa chosavuta zimachokera pa tsinde.
Ngati mvula imagwa kawirikawiri m'chilimwe, peel ya chitumbuwa imagawanika pang'ono. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga juisi, compotes, zakumwa zakumwa, amadya mwatsopano.
Mtengo
Mtengo wa Iput umakula ndi kukula kwapakati, ndi mtundu wa piramidi wambiri komanso wamtengo wapatali. Maluwa okongola ndi aakulu, osowa zakudya, ovoid, obala.
Masamba Kutalika kwambiri, mazira oboola pakati, aakulu, mdima wobiriwira. Pamwamba pa kapepala kameneka kamakhala ndi maziko ozungulira. Chipatso chokhazikika ndi pang'ono concave, wavy, kusowa kanthu.
Khungu lakuda lalitali, nthawi zina lalifupi, liri ndi zofiira zazikulu zazikulu ziwiri. Mapuloteni a White ndi aakulu, omwe ali ndi maluwa atatu kapena 4, mphukira ikufanana ndi sauzira, pambali zimakhudza. Tsankho la pistil liri pa msinkhu wofanana ndi stamens. Zisindikizo zilibe zitsulo, pistil ndi stamens ndizitali.
Mu fruiting chitumbuwa chokoma chimabwera kuchokera zaka 4-5 mutabzala. Mitengo yokhwima yokhala ndi chisamaliro chabwino ndi kupanga zinthu zabwino zimapereka zokolola zabwino, ndipo izi ndi zipatso za makilogalamu 50 kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi. Mitundu yambiri "Iput" ili ndi kakang'ono: yamatcheri ake okoma amakula maluwa am'mbali, choncho ndi yabwino kuti awasankhe.
Akuwombera
Zikamera zimamera mofulumira kwambiri, choncho zimayenera kudulidwa chaka chilichonse, potero zimapanga korona wa mtengo. Mphukira imachotsedwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, isanafike Mphukira.
Ndi kukula kwakukulu komanso kusanako kokolola koyamba, mphukira zapachaka zimachepetsedwa ndi nthawi imodzi ndi hafu kutalika kwake. Mtengo wachikulire kuposa zaka zisanu ndi wochepa kwambiri, nthambi zomwezo zomwe zimalowa mkati mwa korona zimachotsedwa.
Maluso
- Wolimba ndi mkulu zipatso zokolola.
-Madzi a chitumbuwa chokoma ndi owopsa.
- Yambani kukonzekera msanga.
-Sort "Iput" yotsutsa matenda a fungal.
-Imalekerera nyengo yozizira.
Kuipa
-Zomwe zimakhala zabwino kwambiri (zimayamba kusangalatsa ndi zipatso zokha zisanu zokha).
- Sikuti nthawi zonse fupa labwino ndi losiyana ndi zamkati.
- Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi chinyezi chimatha.
Tikufika
Kubzala zipatso zamatcheri "Iput" - izi ndizofunika kwambiri komanso nthawi yowonjezera, chifukwa ndikofunika kulingalira malamulowo ndikudziwa zonse, kuphatikizapo zing'onozing'ono, mutabzala. Chifukwa momwe dothi lodzala linakonzedwa mosamala, zimadalira momwe mtengo udzakulire ndikukula.
M'munda, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tipange, kuphatikizapo yamatcheri a Iput, mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yomwe imamera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitengo ya mungu imatengedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo.
Mitengo yabwino imabzalidwa m'malo amdima, panthaka yabwino kwambiri. Koma sichikugwirizana ndi dongo dothi, miyala yamtengo wapatali, ndi zofunika kubzala mitengo m'malo opanda mphepo.
Nthawi
Masika kapena autumn? Kodi ndi bwino kuti chomera chophimba chotchedwa Iput chiri bwino? Zoonadi kutero Muyenera kubzala mitengo pamene akugona, kuti musunge nkhawa. Zomwe zimabzala zobatcheri zimadalirabe dera limene lidzakula, mwachitsanzo, kumwera kapena kumpoto.
Kumadera kumene nyengo yozizira imakhala, mbande zimatha nthaka kawiri pachaka. Mitengo yophukira ndi yamasika imayamba bwino kwambiri. Kum'mwera zigawo, autumn ndi nthawi yabwino kubzala yamatcheri. Mitengo imavomerezedwa mosavuta ndikupulumuka m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo pakubwera kwa kasupe amayamba kukula mofulumira.
Kulima msipu sikuvomerezeka, chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, mizu ilibe nthawi yoti "izuke mizu", ndipo imatha kuvutika ndi kusowa kwa madzi, kutentha kwa dzuwa. Ndipo kumpoto, mitengo yamatcheri ya Iutut imabzalidwa m'chaka, popeza kugwa kwa mitengo sikukhala ndi nthawi yoti ayambe mwamsanga ndipo akhoza kufa.
Nthaka
Pofuna kubzala mitengo yamtundu wa Iput, m'pofunikira kusankha chiwembu ndi nthaka yothira, yotayirira, komanso nthaka yomwe imapangitsa mpweya ndi chinyezi mosavuta. Malo okongola kwambiri loamy ndi mchenga loamy dothi.
Anakumana wamaluwa kwambiri amalangiza osati kubzala mitengo pa katundu helminthic, peaty kapena mchenga dothi. Mitengo ya Cherry siidabzalidwe kumene madzi akuya ali pamwamba, chifukwa sichikukula pansi, ndi madzi ochepa.
Chisamaliro
Kuthirira
Apa, zikuwoneka, chitumbuwa chokoma chimatengedwa ngati chomera chokonda chinyezi, koma nthawi yomweyo sichimalola madzi ochulukirapo panthaka. Pofuna kupewa mavuto, mumafuna zabwino ngalande ya nthaka. M'minda yayikulu mumakhala kuthira madzi okwanira, amawoneka kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri.
Ambiri yamatcheri amafunika kuthirira mu nthawi yogwira kukula kwa mphukira ndi kucha yamatcheri. Iye madzi katatu. Nthawi yoyamba yomwe amafunikira kuthirira kumapeto kwa May, mwamsanga maluwa a chitumbuwa. Kuthira kwachiwiri kumakhala pakatikati pa mwezi wa June, ndipo lachitatu, lomaliza, mu July, koma pokhapokha ngati chirimwe chilimwe. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri zipatso, zikhoza kuyamba kutha.
Kwa nyengo yozizira Cherry ayenera kuthiriridwa kumayambiriro kwa October kuti nthaka ikhale yosungira zinyontho zonse zopatsa moyo. Pambuyo kuthirira, onetsetsani kuti mukulumphira dzikolo mumagulu a pristvolnyh. Momwemo madzi amasinthasintha.
Feteleza
Mitundu yambiri yamtengo wapatali yamtengo wapatali imatengedwa ngati mtengo wokula mofulumira komanso wofulumira womwe umafuna kuvala mizu. Kudyetsa mizu anachita mu magawo atatu. Ntchito yoyamba ya urea ndi potaziyamu sulphate muzovuta, imachitika musanayambe kufalikira maluwa.
Nthawi yachiwiri yomwe amadyetsa mitengo, chitumbuwa chikangotuluka, feteleza wapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbewu za mabulosi ndi organic. Chotsatira, chachitatu, chovala chokwera mizu chimachitika mutatha kukolola. Superphosphate, potaziyamu sulphate imabalalika kuzungulira chomera, ndiye nthaka imathiriridwa.
Gowo lozungulira chitumbuwa nthawi zonse limakula ndi kumasulidwa pambuyo mvula kapena kuthirira, namsongole achotsedwa.
Sizingatheke kuthira manyowa otsekemera ndi manyowa, chifukwa pali kuthekera kwa kuzizira kwa mtengo m'nyengo yozizira ndipo chiwerengero cha masamba amachepetsa.
Ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti aliyense zaka 3-4 pamene akumba, organic feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito, nayitrogeni feteleza amagwiritsidwa katatu pachaka, potashi ndi phosphate feteleza - iliyonse yophukira pamene malo akumba. Zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, nkofunikira kuchepetsa nthaka. Koma feteleza ndi nitrogen feteleza sangathe kuphatikizidwa, zimapangitsa kuti asafe.
Zima
Mitengo yamitundumitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yozizira-mitundu yolimba, koma muyenera kuyiteteza ku chisanu. Kuti mitengo ikondweretse ndi zipatso chaka chotsatira, izi zikutengedwa:
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zovala zapamwamba pa nthawi yake, kutsimikizira kuti palibe feteleza mopitirira mu nthaka, ndipo pamene feteleza yambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomera zimatha kufa. Nthawi yadzuwa, mitengo nthawi zambiri imathirira madzi, ndipo nthawi zonse imagwa mvula, imapatsa mtengo ndi fetashi ndi fetereza ya phosphate.
Usiku chisanuMu kasupe, chitumbuwa chimatetezedwa ndi utsi. Mulu wa zinyalala amapezeka ponseponse m'munda, womwe umawunikira pamene kutentha kumapita ku 0 C.
Tizilombo, matenda
Cherry nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi zoterezi matendamonga:
Monilioz - zowola zipatso, matenda oopsa kwambiri. Maluwa ndi nthambi pa mtengo wodwala zimatha, masamba amayamba kugwa mofulumira, kuvunda ndi kufota, zipatso zimauma.
Coccomycosis imayamba chifukwa cha coccomyces hiemalis marshmallow. Masamba amakhudzidwa makamaka, madontho aang'ono ofiira amawoneka pa iwo, omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono. Pakapita nthawi, masambawo akhoza kusokonezeka, amakhala ofiira komanso amauma, mabowo angapangidwe. Mvula yamkuntho, nthawi zamkuntho, ndi mvula zimakhudza maonekedwe a matendawa.
Ndi maonekedwe a zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa, m'pofunika kuyamba mankhwala nthawi yomweyo, mitengo yomwe imakhala ndi kachilombo imayambitsidwa ndi kukonzekera monga choimbira. Onetsetsani kuti muwonjezere sopo ku njirayi kuti mupange thovu lamphamvu (chithovu chikhoza kusunga mankhwala kuti asambidwe). Ndikofunika kupopera mosamala kwambiri, samalirani kwambiri mkati mwa masamba. Pambuyo kukolola, masamba odwala ndi zipatso amathyoledwa ndikuwotchedwa kuti ateteze kufalikira kwa matenda.
Chipatala choopsa kwambiri chitumbuwa chokoma ndi aphid. Mwamsanga mutangoyamba kuona zizindikiro zoyambirira za maonekedwe pamtengo, nthawi yomweyo muyenera kuthira ndi Iskra ndi sopo.
Kuti mitengo ya chitumbuwa ikhale yosakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mkhalidwe wawo nthawi zonse, kupanga mizu ndi zovala zina panthawi yake, moyenera kuthirira mitengo, kuchita mitengo yowonongeka nthawi zonse.
