Kukula kwakula kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndikosavuta kukumana ndi munthu yemwe sakonda zipatso zokoma ndi zokoma. Mbalame zimagwiritsidwa ntchito paliponse: iwo amapanga compotes zokoma, jams, amateteza, sauces. Mphungu zimatha kuzizira komanso zouma. Ndipo iwo omwe ali ndi kanyumba, amatha kukula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya plums, popanda kupanga khama lapadera. Imodzi mwa mitundu yosangalatsa ya mtundu uwu ndi dredge.
Kodi ternoule ndi chiyani?
Nkhumba zoyamba zinkaonekera chifukwa cha kuswana kwachibadwa, ndi kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya blackthorn ndi zakutchire za maula. Zotsatira izi zinachititsa chidwi ndi obereketsa omwe anayamba kupanga mitundu yatsopano yowakanizidwa.
Mukudziwa? Mtsinje mumayendedwe amapezeka ngati minga yambiri. Ngakhale Michurin ankatcha mitundu yomwe inamangidwa ndi iye ternum zokoma ndi ternoy mchere.
Kumira, kapena thotho, ndi banja la Pink, ndipo kufotokoza kwake kumasiyana pang'ono ndi minga. Ichi ndi shrub ya nthambi yomwe imakula mpaka mamita 4 mu msinkhu, kapena mtengo wawung'ono womwe uli ndi mphukira zamphamvu. Chinthu chachikulu chimene chimathandiza anthu amodzimodzi ndi osasunthika komanso olemera.
Masamba a extrusion ndi ang'onoang'ono (4.5 masentimita), oblong-elliptical, otentha pamphepete. Amamera ndi maluwa amodzi omwe ali ndi mamita 1.5-3 masentimita, omwe amatha kusamba pamaso pa masamba.
Zipatso za mapiko ozungulira ndizozungulira, zakuda buluu kapena zakuda ndi zokutidwa sera sera. Mnofu ndi wandiweyani, wobiriwira, ndi kukoma kokoma, m'malo mwake. Zipatsozo zimapsa m'mwezi wa August-September ndikukhalabe nthambi mpaka m'nyengo yozizira.
Kusiyana kwa minga paminga
Kwa mbali zambiri, zowonongeka zasunga zonse zamtengo wapatali zaminga, ngakhale kuti zipatso zake ndi zazikulu kwambiri, zochepa kwambiri ndi zokoma mu kukoma. Ndipo shrub ya amamera imakhala ndi minga pang'ono kuposa sloe.
Maonekedwe a chipatso cha amamera amasiyana pang'ono ndi minga.
Komabe, mu chomera chamtchire muli zowonjezera shuga - 5-6% (mu mtanda - 12-14%) ndi tannins ambiri ndi zidulo.
Mukudziwa? Pa zaka zolemekezeka za kutembenukira, mafupa, amapezeka mu nyumba zaka zikwi ziwiri.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo kuti mutenge ternosliva
Pamasankhidwe a malo pa tsamba alibe nthawi yaitali yoganiza - Mitundu yonse ya amamera imakula bwino kumbali iliyonse yamunda. Ngakhale, malinga ndi alimi odziwa bwino, ndibwino kuti mubzale pamphepete mwa malowa - motere mungathe kuteteza zomera zonse kumpoto kumpoto. Kuphatikiza apo, dongosolo lofika pamtunduwu lidzakuthandizani kulimbana ndi mphukira zambiri.
Sitikufuna nthaka ya dothi, komabe zimakhala bwino pa malo a clayey.
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzala mbewu zamtengo wapatali pafupi ndi maluwa - mbewu imapereka achinyamata ambiri kukula.
Kubzala mbande ndizochepa
Malo oti mutenge mongrel ali okonzeka mu sabata - malowa adakumbidwa ndipo maenje adakonzedwa (kuya kwake kumadalira kukula kwa mizu). Chidebe cha humus, supuni ya urea, galasi la phulusa ndi laimu wambiri (ndithudi, zonsezi ziyenera kusakanizidwa bwino) zimabweretsedwa mu dzenje lililonse ndi kujambulidwa ndi filimu pamwamba. Mtunda pakati pa maenje uyenera kukhala masentimita 80-100.
Mbewu za amamera asanabzalidwe zimatengedwa ndi mizu yopanga stimulator ndikuyikidwa mu dzenje lokonzekera lodzazidwa ndi madzi ofunda. Dera lozunguliridwa bwino ndi madzi. Kuti dunking akhale bwino, Mbeu iyenera kukhala ya zaka 2-3.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuteteza madothi kuti asafalikire pa malo onsewa, akhoza kutsekedwa mwachisawawa akamabzalidwa - kuika manda kapena sitsulo ndi mita imodzi.
Kusamalira ndi kulima mitengo ya zipatso kumaphuka
Kusakaniza - kudzichepetsa, chilala - ndi chisanu chosagwira mbewu, kukwera ndi kusamalira zomwe sizitenga nthawi yochuluka ndipo sizingayambitse vuto.
Kusamalira dothi
Mutabzala, dothi lapafupi liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse kuti lipange mpweya wabwino ku mizu. Kuonjezerapo, musayiwale za kuthirira madzi (musamadzaza, kuthirira ngati mukufunikira) ndi kuchotsa namsongole.
Grass pafupi ndi sing'anga ndidulidwa, ndikuisiya pamalo ngati mthunzi.
Feteleza
Pambuyo panthawi yovuta kubereka zipatso, Kuonjezera zokolola zimayenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi pa nyengo. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito mullein kapena humus (1 part mullein pa magawo 10 a madzi) - 1 makilogalamu pa chitsamba kapena feteleza feteleza m'malo a mabulosi - 70-80 g pansi pa chitsamba.
Ndikofunikira! Musapitirire mlingo woyenera, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni kungayambitse mankhwala a gamma.
Kudulira
Kudulira kavalidwe ndi nthawi yowonjezera yowonjezera. Chodulira chomera chidzakhala katatu pa nyengo. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kumapeto kwa March, kumapeto kwa June ndi kumapeto kwa July.
Kupuma kwachisanu kudulira mwaukhondo kuchotsa nthambi zowonongeka ndi zowuma. Pofuna kupeĊµa kuphulika, kuonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa dzuwa ndi mpweya wabwino, m'magulu a masamba 4-5 nthambi zokhoma zipatso. Ngati pakufunika kutero, kapena kuti kudula kumakula ngati mpanda, kumapeto kwa kasupe mungapereke korona wokongola ndikuthandizira kupanga zokongoletsera.
Kuphuka kumafunika kuchotsedwa pamtunda.
Kusambira pansi pamadzi
Popeza mapesi amatha kugonjetsa chisanu, safuna malo ogona.
Komabe, maula amatsenga amakhala oopsa kuposa ozizira, adani mu nthawi yozizira - makoswe. Kuti iwo asawononge chomera m'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kupondaponda chipale chofewa kuzungulira iyo, ndipo thunthu likhoza kutetezedwa ndi zipangizo zakutchire kapena waya wothyoka.
Ngakhalenso pommel itakhala yozizira, imabwerera chifukwa cha prishtambovy mphukira ndi mphukira zakuya.
Tsatanetsatane wa mitundu yosawerengeka
Ngakhale kuti chomera chotero ngati chomira, ambiri amayamba kuwonedwa ngati kukula-zakutchire, akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chikhalidwe kwa nthawi ndithu. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri imasiyanitsidwa ndi zokolola zambiri komanso kuzizira:
- "Kutha". Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu ndi mapiritsi apakati-ozungulira-oval zipatso.
Mtundu wa zipatso zakupsa ndi buluu, mnofu ndi wowometsera, wobiriwira. Kusiyana kukula msinkhu.
- "Large-fruited". Mtengo wa Srednerosloy wokwera mamita 3-3.5. Amadziwika ndi nthawi ya fruiting nthawi, kudzibala ndi kudzipereka (mpaka 30 kg kuchokera mtengo wamkulu). Zipatso ndizofiirira, zozungulira. Mnofu umakhala wochepa kwambiri, wowawasa komanso wokoma. Bwerani mochedwa.
- "Burluk". Mtengo wochepa umene umayamba kubereka zipatso mofulumira. Kulima kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi - 20-25 makilogalamu. Zipatso - mdima wonyezimira, kucha mu September.
- "Tenkovskaya buluu". Mtengo wa Srednerosloy. Zipatso - zosakaniza (14 g), ovunda, wakuda buluu. Bwerani mu September. Mnofu ndi wowometsera, wokoma.
- "Uzbek". Mitengo yaing'ono (mitengo 20-25 makilogalamu). Zipatso ziphuka mu September ndi mawonekedwe okoma ali ndi mtundu wofiirira.
- "Great-fruited early". Mbewu yofooka yomwe imakula kufika mamita 2.5 m "Zipatso zikunyeketsa mu August, mu mawonekedwe okhwima, mdima wofiirira, pang'ono. Kukonzekera - 12 kg kuchokera pamtengo.
- "Volzhsky". Yambani kubala zipatso mu zaka 4-5. Zokolola zimapereka chaka chilichonse. Zomera zowonjezera zokhala ndi zokoma zabwino. Zipatso - mdima wonyezimira ndi kukhudza kowala kwambiri. Mwachikulire, zipatso sizikhala ndi astringency, zokoma ndi zowawa.
- "Oversized". Mtengo wotsika, skoroplodny. Zipatso zing'onozing'ono, zimabala mu August-September. Mafuta okhwima ali ndi chigoba chakuda ndi cha buluu.
Zothandiza
Adhesives ali ndi mavitamini ambiri, acids, tannins, mchere, shuga, ndichifukwa chake zimapindulitsa kwambiri.
Mukudziwa? M'mayiko ena, mercuses amawonjezeredwa ku mbale yoyamba ndi yachiwiri monga acidulant, ndi ku France zipatso zazing'ono za zipatso ndi kupeza mankhwala omwe ali ofanana ndi azitona.
Pa mafakitale, mtanda umagwiritsira ntchito vinyo wosasa ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Mafupa a amamerawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mpweya wotsekemera.
Kuonjezera apo, extrusion imakhala ndi vitamini C wochulukirapo - kuposa ma currants wakuda, ndipo masamba a chomera akhoza kuswedwa ndi kuledzera monga tiyi.
Wapeza ntchito yothandizidwa ndi mercury ndi mankhwala - imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga mankhwala pofuna kuchiza matenda a impso, chikhodzodzo, mavuto a m'mimba ndi kuchepetsa kutupa m'kamwa.
Mu mankhwala amtundu wina, zipatso za mtanda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga astringent ya kutsekula m'mimba, mabala a makungwa ndi mizu amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga febrifuge, ndipo maluwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga diuretic, diaphoretic ndi laxative.
Mukudziwa? Kuchokera ku zipatso ndi mizu ya mtanda kukonzekera wofiira utoto.
Kukula kavalidwe pa webusaitiyi kumabweretsa chisangalalo kwa wamaluwa. Kuchita zochepa kuti amusamalire kudzabwezeretsa zokolola zambiri. Kukongola uku kuli koyenera kudzitama ndi malo m'dziko.
