Zimakhala zovuta kukumana ndi munthu yemwe sangafune mphesa.
Ngakhale anthu okhala kumwera, akuwoneka ngati atasokonezeka ndi mitundu yambiri ya zipatso za zipatso zokoma, sakalibe chidwi nawo.
Koma, ngakhale kuti anthu onse akum'mawa akuwonongedwa, onse pamodzi ndi okhala m'madera ena akumidzi amayamikira kwambiri mtundu wa mphesa ngati Kesha.
Ndizo za mitundu ya mphesa yoyambirira ndipo tidzakambirana mmunsimu.
Cholinga chathu sikutamanda Kesh mitundu, koma kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane za ubwino ndi zopindulitsa zake, kupatsa owerenga athu kuzipata ndi kusamalira iwo.
Mphesa "Kesha" - mudziwe makhalidwe a zosiyanasiyana
Zosiyanazi nthawi zambiri zimasokonezeka ndi otsatila ake - Kesha-1 zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, mitundu yachiwiriyo inamera patapita kanthawi ndipo, mosiyana ndi Keshi, masiku ake opsa amatha, ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya chitsamba ndi mphesa ndizochepa kwambiri "Keshi-1". Komanso, kalasi yachiwiri imatsutsa kwambiri chisanu ndi matenda.
Ubwino wa mitundu ina ya Kesha ndikumveka bwino kwa zipatso komanso kumadzipitsa.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti zosiyanasiyana "Kesha-1" ali ndi mayina ena awiri - "FV-6-6", "Talisman" ndi "Super Kesha". Palinso zosiyanasiyana zotchedwa "Kesha-2", wotchedwanso "Tamerlan", "Zlatohor" ndi mphesa "Kesh Muskatny".
"Kesh-2" ndi zotsatira za kubzala mitundu "Kesh-1" ndi "Kishmish Radiant", chifukwa izi zimapsa msanga ndipo zimakhala ndi masamba ambiri a amber; makhalidwe ake okoma amakhala ndi mthunzi wokoma kwambiri. Mitundu yambiri "Kesh", yomwe idzafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pansipa, inafalitsidwa ndi odyera ku Russia omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana "Froomoasa Albe" ndi "Chisangalalo".
Nkofunika kudziwa kuti kawirikawiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa yomwe imatchedwanso "FV-6-5" kapena "Kukondwera Kwambiri."
Mphesa yamphesa "Kesha" - chilengedwe chodabwitsa cha chirengedwe
Masango a mphesa za zosiyanasiyana, ngakhale kuti si abwino kwambiri, amawoneka okongola komanso okondweretsa. Makamaka, iwo ndi aakulu kwambiri, akufikira mulemera 1.2 kilograms, ngakhale kulemera kwamba kwa gululi ndi pafupifupi 1 kilogalamu. Pokolola zochuluka, kulemera kwa masango kungachepetse kukhala 0,6 kilogalamu.
Maonekedwe a masangowa amakhala ochuluka kapena osinthika. Zipatsozi zimayikidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, koma sizinapangidwe, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa masango kukhala opanda mawonekedwe. Chisa, ndiko kuti, mwendo wa gululo, mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Kesha nthawi zambiri imakhala yayitali kwambiri ndipo imamangiriza bwino kwambiri kuthawa kwa mpesa. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pafupifupi mphukira zonse zazomerazi zimabereka, ndipo masango awiri a kukula kwakukulu angapangidwe pa mphukira imodzi.
Zipatso pa masango zimapangidwanso kwambiri, pafupifupi, kukula kwake kuli m'malire a 32x25 millimeters. Kulemera kwake kwa zipatsozi ndi pafupifupi 10-12 mpaka 12-15 magalamu. Maonekedwe a zipatso ndi ovunda, okongola kwambiri. Mtundu wa khungu ndi woyera woyera. Zipatso zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana, kuwala kowala, kufanana ndi dragee.
Mabulosiwo ali ndi mbewu, chiwerengero chake ndi 1-3, chomwe chimayamikiridwa kwambiri ndi okonda mphesa zatsopano. Kukoma kwa zipatso kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri, kolemera, kogwirizana. Zakudya zimadya mphesa "Kesha" adavotera paziti 8. Pali kwambiri zakuthupi mu mankhwala zikuchokera shuga zipatso. Choncho, ndi zizindikiro za acidity zokha 5-8 g / l, zizindikiro za shuga ndi 19-24%.
Mphesa "Kesha" amatanthauza mphesa. Nthawi zambiri zimakula kuti zigulitsidwe komanso zatsopano. Zikuwoneka zokongola kwambiri potumikira ndi chithandizo cha tebulo. Chifukwa cha shuga wambiri mumapangidwe ake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyo woyera.
Zizindikiro za zipatso za mphesa "Kesha"
Zili zokayikitsa kuti zosiyanasiyanazi zingakhale zofunika kwambiri ngati zikanakhala zosabala zipatso. Chifukwa cha mabasi amphamvu okhala ndi mizu yolimba ndi maluwa a amuna ndi akazi, mphesa zimatha kudzipangira mungu ndipo zimakondweretsa mbewu zambiri. Makamaka, zokolola zimapangidwa pa 80% ya mphukira zonse zakutchire, ndipo mtengo wochuluka ndi maso a chitsamba chachikulu ndi osachepera 35-40. Zikudziwika kuti chiwerengero cha masango omwe amatha kupanga mbali imodzi ya chitsamba chikufanana ndi msinkhu wokha.
Mbewu yoyamba ya chitsamba champhesa "Kesha" imayamba kukondwa pokhapokha ali ndi zaka 4-5. Komabe, pogwiritsira ntchito mitundu yotsatanetsatane ngati mawonekedwe a kubereka pa tsinde lakale, n'kotheka kukwaniritsa msangamsanga kulowa chitsamba panthawi ya fruiting. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imafalikira nthawi zonse, koma imafuna kusamalira ndi feteleza.
Mphesa zimatuluka kumayambiriro kapena kumayambiriro. Mitengo ya mpesa imachitika masiku opitirira 122-130.
- Zopindulitsa zazikulu ndi zosiyana za Kesha zosiyanasiyana
- Nthawi yoyamba yakucha ya mphesa.
- Zokolola zapamwamba ndi zazikulu zazikulu za masango ndi zipatso, zomwe ziri ndi kukoma kokondweretsa kwambiri. Mitundu ina "Kesha" imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya mphesa yabwino.
- Kupezeka kwa mphesa kwapadera.
- Kupsa msanga ndi zipatso zopatsa mphukira, zomwe zimapereka 1-2 masango.
- Pali bwino kwambiri kwa cuttings kwa rooting.
- Kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa kalasi pasanafike kutentha - kungasinthike mosavuta ku 23ºС.
- Pamwamba mphesa zamphesa "Kesha" kwa achikulire.
- Mitundu yoipa "Kesha" ndi njira zowonjezera zokolola
- Ndizokolola zochuluka, masango angapange zochepa kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse.
- Mitunduyi ndi yabwino kubzala mitengo yosatha ya mphesa zakale. Mwa njira iyi, mungathe kukwaniritsa msanga ndikukula bwino kwa chitsamba cha mphesa.
- Ngakhale kuti ambiri amatha kuyankha bwino feteleza, sangathe kudyetsedwa ndi urea (ndiko, ndi nayitrogeni).
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za kubzala bwino kwa mphesa mu kugwa.
Malamulo a kubzala mphesa mitundu "Kesha" - ndi chiyani chomwe mukufuna kudziwa?
Zomerazi zimakhala ndi zokonda komanso zofunikira kuti zibzala, popanda zovuta kukula chitsamba chabwino cha mphesa. Choyamba, zimakhudza nthaka yomwe mudzamere mphesa. Ziyenera kukhala zowonjezereka ngati zingatheke, zoyenerera bwino. nthaka yakuda. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti sikunyowetsedwa kwambiri komanso kuti madzi apansi amakhala akuya mamita 1.5.
Ndipotu, chitsamba cha mphesa cha masambawa chimakhala champhamvu ndipo chimakhala ndi mizu yambiri, yomwe imatha kutunga madzi kuchokera ku kuya, koma ngati mvula yambiri imatha kuvunda, khalidwe la zipatso lidzachepa.
Ndikofunika kusankha malo abwino olowera. Ndi bwino kulima pafupi ndi nyumbayi, kuchokera kumbali yawo ya kumwera. Momwemo, mphesa zidzalandira kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo zidzakhala zosavuta kuti inu mumange chithandizo chochimeta. Komanso, khoma la nyumbayi lidzawuteteza ku mphepo. Mphesa zaulere zingabzalidwe kumadera akumwera.
Timasankha nthawi yoyenera kubzala mphesa "Kesha"
Mphesa zingabzalidwe masika ndi autumn. Chilichonse chidzadalira mtundu umene mukusankhira komanso malo omwe mumakhalamo. Mukhoza kubzala mphesa monga mothandizidwa ndi mbande, ndi njira yothandizira pa shtamb mphesa. Mbande zabwino zimabzalidwa m'chaka, mlengalenga kutentha kukukwera kufika madigiri 15, ndipo dothi lotentha silopitirira 10ºС (momwemo kutentha kwake ziyenera kuganiziridwa panthawi ya kubzala).
Mphesa ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi cuttings pafupifupi pafupifupi nthawi yonse ya zomera. Ndipotu, n'zotheka kuphunzitsa kudula "wakuda" ku "tsinde" lakuda, ndi "wobiriwira" kuti "wakuda", ndikugwiritsanso ntchito kudula masamba ndi masamba obiriwira.
Malangizo kwa kubzala koyenera kwa mphesa za Kesha
- Pitani chifukwa cha mbande za mphesa zimayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Ngati mukukonzekera kubzala m'chaka - mukhoza kukumba mumagwa, kuti musadzaze mdzenje ndi nthaka yosakanizika ndi humus (kotero, muyenera kupanga kondomeko kakang'ono pansi pake).
- Mtunda pakati pa maenje ayenera kukhala osachepera mita imodzi. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, nkofunika kuchoka pa khoma la nyumbayo ndi masentimita 40. Ngati mbande zibzalidwa momasuka, ndiye kuti mtunda pakati pawo ndi bwino kuwonjezeka kufika mamita 1.5.
- Ndikofunika kudzala mmera mosamala, chifukwa msinkhu wake mizu yayamba kwambiri. Ndikoyenera kuchepetsa mmera mu dzenje kuti mozama kuti malo ophatikizidwa ndi khola lake likhalebe pamwamba pa nthaka.
- Nthaka ikhoza kusakanizidwa ndi feteleza mchere kuti idzaze dzenje, koma palibe chifukwa choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni, chifukwa ikhoza kuwononga mizu ya mpesa.
- Mutathira phando, nyemba ziyenera kutsanulidwa mochulukira kuti nthaka ikhale yochuluka (muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malita 30 a madzi, koma mukuganizira za chinyezi cha nthaka).
- Mbewu iyenera kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo choyendetsedwa m'nthaka pafupi.
- Ngati chodzala chikuchitika mu kugwa, ndiye kusanayambike kwa nyengo yozizira ndikofunika kutentha mmera. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kabati popanda pansi: yesani kuzungulira mmera ndikuphimba ndi nthaka.
Kusinthanitsa mphesa "Kesha" kudula pa chikale chakale
Ngati mutasankha kusinthanitsa kesha zakale ndi kesha wanu, ndibwino kuti musadzule shrub yakale, koma kuti muzitsamba tsinde latsopano. Chifukwa cha ichi, mpesa watsopano umakula mofulumira ndipo umalowa fruiting mwamsanga. Kwa ichi muyenera:
- Konzani pasadolo pasadakhale, kudula iwo ndi mphete ndi kuwagwira asanadzalemo mu ng'ombe. Pofuna kuthamanga mapangidwe a mizu, musanabzala, gawo lodulidwa lingathe kukhazikitsidwa mu njira yothetsera yapadera yotchedwa "Humate" (pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, musagwiritse ntchito madontho 10 okonza madzi okwanira 1 litre).
- Komanso, panthawi yozunzirako nyengo, phesi limalimbikitsidwa ku parafini. Pochita izi, parafini imathetsedwa m'madzi ndipo pambuyo pake ikatentha ndi kuyandama pamtunda, kudula kumalowetsamo kwa masekondi ochepa ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumizidwa m'madzi ozizira kuti azizizira.
- Zitsamba zamitsamba zakonzedwa bwino. Choyamba, muyenera kuchotsa chitsamba chakale ndikupukuta zonsezi m'malo mwadulidwa - pamwamba pa thunthu zikhale bwino. Chachiwiri, shtamb iyenera kugawidwa bwino ndi kuthandizidwa ndi nkhwangwa ndi nyundo. Kugawanika kuyenera kukhala kotere kuti kudula kungakhale koyenera. Kugawanika kwakukulu kumatha kuwononga shtamb.
- Ngati tsinde ndi lalikulu, ndiye kudula limodzi kungaphatikizidwe.
- Mphesa "Kesha" imayendera mugawidwa ndipo imakhala yovekedwa ndi nsalu ndi nsalu (ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zidzatha).
- Pamene yophukira imamangiriza kuti isunge chinyezi muzu, imadulidwa ndi dongo komanso ili ndi nthaka, komanso mmera.
- Ndiponso, onetsetsani kuti mukumba chithandizo.
Kusamalira mphesa "Kesha" - momwe mungakwaniritsire zokolola zabwino?
Mitundu ya mphesayi imafuna, ngakhale kusamalidwa kwambiri, koma kusamala nthawi zonse. Pansipa tikufotokozera kuti zonse zomwe zimakhala kuthirira, kudyetsa, kusamalira chitsamba cha mphesa ndi nthaka, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukula bwino ndi mphesa zabwino.
Kuthirira bwino - chikole cha mphesa zokoma ndi zokoma
Izi zosiyanasiyana sizifuna madzi okwanira ambiri. Ngati mvula imakhala yochepa, m'pofunikira kuthirira mpesa mumasika, pamaso maluwa, komanso pambuyo pa maluwa a maluwa (pafupifupi May, June). Komabe, panthawi yamvula, madzi akuyenera kuwonjezeka, chifukwa kusowa kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa mphesa ndi zipatso.
Komabe, kupezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, mosiyana, kungachititse mapangidwe osakoma zipatso. Pankhaniyi, n'zotheka kukumba madzi oyandikana nawo pafupi ndi tchire la mphesa, momwe madzi ochulukirapo adzayenda.
Timasunga chinyezi m'nthaka kudzera mu mulching
Kulumikiza dothi kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamphesa. Ndipotu, chifukwa cha izi, ndi zophweka kuti musamangotenga nthawi yambiri ya chinyezi m'nthaka kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso kudyetsa chitsamba cha mphesa. Komanso, mulch omwe amaikidwa m'nyengo yozizira amathandiza kuti nthaka isamazizidwe.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito obeshivny humus, yomwe imayikidwa pamtunda wonse wa thunthu la chitsamba cha mphesa pamtunda wa mita imodzi kuchokera pa thunthu. Ndi ichi mulch wosanjikiza ayenera kukhala osachepera masentimita atatu.
Timanyamula mphesa m'nyengo yozizira
Pamaso pa isanayambike ozizira nyengo mphesa ndi zofunika kwambiri kuphimba. Ndipotu, ali wamng'ono, amakhala pachiopsezo chozizira kwambiri. Makamaka zimakhudza zopukusa ndi kungowamangiriza cuttings. Choncho, kuwonjezera pa kuphimba mtengo wa chitsamba ndi nthaka, mukhoza kuziphimba ndi udzu kapena udzu, kuziyika ndi chinachake cholemetsa. Komanso, kusunga kungathe chitetezeni makungwa kuti asawotchedwe pamene masambawo alibe masamba.
Kudulira bwino mphesa "Kesha" - zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa
Pa kukula kwa mpesa ndikofunikira kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira mawonekedwe ake. Pachifukwachi, nthambi zake zofunika kwambiri zimatambasulidwa kumbali kuti pakhale mpata pakati pawo akhoza kudzaza fruiting mphukira. Pachiyambi cha fruiting mphukira ayenera kufupikitsa ndi kudulira zouma ndi kuonongeka.
Tikukupemphani kudulira mwina m'dzinja, chitatha chitadutsa mu mpumulo, kapena kumapeto, ngakhale kusanayambe kutaya. Ndikofunika kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito kudulira kuti muwone chiwerengero cha mphukira.
Komanso, mapangidwe a masango amalembedwanso ndipo, ngati kuli koyenera, amachotsedwa. Mwapadera pa nthambi imodzi muyenera kusiya gulu limodzi. Ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi ndi chilala. Mukhoza kudula ndi mbali ya gululo, mwinamwake zipatso zake zidzakhala zochepa kwambiri, ngati mtola.
Malamulo a kudyetsa ndi kuwononga tizilombo mphesa "Kesha"
Kulimbikitsa kukula bwino ndikupanga chitsamba chabwino cha mphesa kumafunikira kuchiza. Kuwonjezera pa feteleza zokhazikika, zomwe zimafika ku mizu chifukwa cha mulching, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka feteleza phosphate feteleza. Mavitrogeni ndi abwino kuti asagwiritse ntchito, chifukwa angathe kuwononga mizu.
Pofuna kuteteza mphesa kuti zisakhudzidwe ndi tizilombo toonongeka, ndikofunika kuti tipeze mpesa kawiri pa nyengo. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito yankho bordeaux osakaniza pa 1%
