Mphesa masiku awa asanduka chinthu chovuta kapena chosatheka.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya chomera ichi, chomwe chimasiyanirana wina ndi mzake, zonse mwa maonekedwe ndi kukoma.
Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Ataman.
Tiye tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane.
Kufotokozera za mphesa Ataman
Izi ndi zotsatira za kuswana kwa amateur, wosakanizidwa omwe amapezeka poyenda mitundu ya Rizamat ndi Talisman. Ponena za maonekedwe, masangowo ndi aakulu, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe, osakanikirana. Misa imatha kusiyana ndi 600 mpaka 800 g, koma masango ena amatha kulemera kwa 1200 g.
Zipatso Zingakhale zazikulu komanso zazikulu kwambiri, mchere wosiyanasiyana kuyambira 12 mpaka 16 g.Kodi zosiyanasiyanazi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a chipatso, mtundu wofiirira. Dzuŵa, mtundu umasintha ndipo umakhala wofiirira. Zipatsozi zimakhala ndi peyala wambiri, yokutidwa ndi sera yowonjezera. Mphesa Ataman ali ndi mchere wambiri komanso amavomereza kukoma.
Pakuti izi ndi zosiyana nthawi yakucha, Masiku 130-145. Ataman ali ndi mphamvu zopambana. Mitsamba ndi yamphamvu, ndi mphukira zambiri, kuposa theka lake lomwe limabereka zipatso.
Maluso
• Zipatso za Ataman zili m'gulu lalikulu kwambiri.
• Magulu amakhala ndi makhalidwe apamwamba, osamutsidwa mosavuta
• Kuwonongeka kwa madontho kumawerengedwa kukhala ochepa.
• Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi zokolola zambiri ngakhale nyengo isanakwane.
Kuipa
Amafuna malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira.
Zomwe zimabzala mphesa
Pakulima kubzala, wina akhoza kubzala mbewu imodzi kapena mbewu zobiriwira. Zimadalira pa izo nthawi yobwera. Pachiyambi choyamba, nthawi yofika imakhala pakati pa mwezi wa April - pakati pa mwezi wa Meyi, ndipo kumapeto kwa mwezi wa May - kutha kwa June. Ataman, monga mitundu yonse ya mphesa, amakonda kukonda, choncho, ndi nyengo yoyenera, imakula mofulumira kuposa wina.
Ngati mukufuna kubzala mphesa pafupi ndi khoma la nyumba kapena nyumba ina, ndiye Zitsamba zowoneka kumwera. Choncho, mpesa udzalandira kutentha kwina usiku, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala maonekedwe oyambirira a chipatso. Mukasankha kupanga minda yamphesa m'munda, musabzalidwe tchire cha mitundu iyi ya zipatso pafupi ndi mitengo, chifukwa mizu ya Ataman imakhalabe ndi chinyezi chifukwa cha mizu ya mtengo.
Kutentha kochepa komwe Ataman angathe kupirira ndi -23 ° C, kotero iwe uyenera kukhala mosamala mosamala a tchire m'nyengo yozizira.
Ndizosangalatsanso kuwerenga za zabwino zamakono mphesa
Kusamalira mphesa
1. Kuthirira
Mphesa zimafuna chinyezi, makamaka nyengo yotentha, kotero muyenera kuthirira tchire ndi dongosolo lina. Kuthirira munda wamphesa n'kofunika kuti madziwo afalikira ku kuya kwa mizu. Chifukwa chake, madzi akuti madziwa adzakhala 7-10 zidebe. N'zotheka kumasula pamwamba pamwamba pa chitsamba, kotero kuti mpweya ukhoza kuyenda bwino ku mizu.
2. Mulching
Munda wamphesa uyenera kukhala wochuluka kwambiri nyengo isanakwane kuti mbande ikhale m'nthaka yachonde. Dziko lapansi liyenera kutentha bwino musanayambe kugwedeza. Mukhoza kuyembekezera kutentha kutentha 10-12 ° C kapena kuyang'ana mphesa. Pamene maso akuphuka, mutha kukweza. Pofuna kuyamwa, mungagwiritse ntchito peat, udzu, manyowa, polyethylene wakuda ndi zipangizo zina.
3. Kutha
Kuphimba kumayenera kupangidwa pofuna kusunga tchire m'nyengo yozizira. Mukhoza kuphimba ndi dziko, filimu ndi zipangizo zina. Pophimba, muyenera kuika mpesa pansi, kuupaka pamwamba pa masamba owuma ndikuphimba ndi nthaka, kapena kuphimba ndi pulasitiki. M'pofunika kuwaza mutu wa chitsamba bwinobwino ndi nthaka kuti muteteze mizu ku chisanu. Pogwiritsa ntchito filimuyi, m'pofunika kusiya mpweya ndi panthawi yachisanu kuti mutsegule filimuyo.
4. Kudulira
Mphesa zotere monga Ataman, muyenera kudula musanafike. Katundu pa chitsamba ayenera kukhala maso 55-60, ndi kudulira fruiting mipesa ayenera kupangidwa pa maso 8-10.
5. Feteleza
Mpesa wa zosiyanazi umafuna zakudya monga nitrogen, phosphorous, zinki ndi ena. Kuwonjezera pa feteleza odziwika bwino monga manyowa, feteleza zamchere zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito monga potaziyamu chloride, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, ndi zina. Pa nthawi ya umuna, ziyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa tchire asanatsegulire tchire pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, komanso mu maluwa ndi kucha kwa tchire.
6. Chitetezo
Ngakhale kuti Ataman ali ndi mphamvu zolimbana ndi matenda a fungaleni, choyamba, maphunziro ayenera kutetezedwa ku matenda otere monga oidium. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda ndi choyera pachimake pa masamba. Kwa "mankhwala" mungagwiritse ntchito njira zonse zamoyo ndi mankhwala. Njira zamoyo zimaphatikizapo kupopera tchire ndi kusungunuka kwa sulfure, madzi otsekemera a fumbi, ndi ena.
Mu njira zamagetsi, fungicides monga strobe, vectra, basezol ndi ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Komanso mphesa za Ataman zimafunika kutetezedwa ku matenda oopsa kwambiri a fungal - mildew. Chizindikiro ndi mapangidwe a ma chikasu obiriwira pa masamba. Polimbana ndi matendawa, mankhwala omwe ali ndi mkuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Bordeaux osakaniza, mkuwa wa chloride ndi ena.
