Munthu aliyense yemwe amasangalala ndi ulimi akuyesera kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mbewu zomwe "zimakhala" pa dziko lake.
Motero, chidwi cha mitengo ya zipatso chimakula mofulumira.
Tsopano, pafupifupi pa malo aliwonse amakula mitundu yosiyana ya mitengo ya apulo, plums, mapeyala, yamatcheri ndi mbewu zina za zipatso ndi mabulosi.
Ndi chitukuko cha njira zamakono zotukula ndi kuteteza munda, zakhala zophweka kwambiri kukula mitundu yatsopano ya mitengo kuposa kale.
Choncho, mitundu yodabwitsa ya zomera imakhala pamodzi ndi nyengo yozizira.
Mapeyala, makamaka mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Kumbukirani Yakovlev", imakhalanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Kuti apeze mapeyala osiyanasiyana, a Tyto ndi a French amafuta osiyanasiyana Olivier de Serres anawoloka.
Mtengo chofupika, kukula mofulumira, korona wapangidwa. Mphukira ya bulauni kuwala, sing'anga makulidwe, thotho. Masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe a ellipse, wobiriwira wobiriwira, pang'ono opangidwa. Zipatso zimakhala zazikuluzikulu, zooneka ngati peyala, khungu ndi lofiirira, lachikasu. Mnofu ndi wobiriwira, wamawisi, wokoma kwambiri. Kukonzekera ndi kokwera. Mtengo umayamba kubala chipatso pa zaka 3 mpaka 4 za kukula. Chabwino imatsutsa kayendedwe ndi chisanu.
Mtengo ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu zimasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa dothi, choncho izi zimakhala zofunikira nthawi zonse kuthirira. Zosiyanasiyana "Kumbukirani za Yakovlev" zosagwirizana ndi nkhanambo. Wodzipereka.
Maluso
- mwamsanga wayamba kubereka zipatso
- kukoma kokha kwa mapeyala
chisanu kukana
- nkhanambo kukana
Kuipa
- kuchepa kwa chilala
Zomwe zimabzala mapeyala
Anabzala zosiyanasiyana "pokumbukira Yakovlev" makamaka masikakuti mitengo ikhale yolimba bwino. Musanadzalemo, mizu ya mbande iyenera kuwonedwa bwino, ikani m'madzi kwa masiku angapo. Pa malo muyenera kusankha malo okhala ndi kuwala kokwanira komanso osungunuka bwino. Pansi pa mbeuyi muyenera kukumba dzenje lakuya mamita 1 ndi 75 - 90 masentimita. Dothi losanjikiza la masentimita 30 liyenera kuikidwa pambali, popeza ndilochokera pansi pano kuti knoll iyenera kupangidwa pansi pa dzenje.
Nthakayi iyenera kusakanizidwa mu 2 kg ya humus kapena manyowa, 50 g wa superphosphate ndi 30 g wa phosidamu chloride. Pazitsulo zomwe zimapangidwa, m'pofunika kugawira mizu, kuphimba malo otsala a dzenje ndi nthaka kuti mizu izuke masentimita 4 mpaka 5 kuchokera mu nthaka ya nthaka. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yaying'ono, yothiridwa ndi yokutidwa ndi mulch organic.
Chisamaliro
1) Kuthirira
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana "Kumbukirani Yakovlev" imakhala ndi chilala chochepa, kotero, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuthirira mbewu komanso mitengo yakula. Mu mitengo yaying'ono, muyenera kukumba ngalande yozungulira pa mtunda wa 30-40 masentimita kuchokera pamtengo ndikutsanulira 2 ndowa zamadzimo. Pankhani ya mitengo yokhwima, mitengo yotereyi iyenera kukhala 3 - 4. Yotsirizirayo iyenera kukhala yochulukirapo kusiyana ndi kuyang'ana kwa korona pafupifupi 15 - 20 cm. Kuthirira kumayambira pakatikati pa masika, ndi kumaliza pakatikati pa autumn.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za mitundu ya peyala kuti mubzala pakati.
2) Mulching
Cholinga cha mulching ndi kudyetsa ndi kuteteza mizu ya mtengo kukazizira. Mulch akhoza kukhala peat, phulusa, utuchi, masamba akale, udzu wouma, zomera za Batwa. Kuwombera koyamba kumachitika panthawi yobzala, ndiye nthawi zonse nthawi yogwira ntchito ya moyo wa mtengo.
3) Kutha
Mtundu uwu wa peyala ndi chisanu chokhazikika, koma chitetezo ku chimfine chiyenera kutsimikiziridwa. Asanayambe chisanu, mapeyala ayenera atakulungidwa ndi zoyera zomwe zimateteza thunthu ku chisanu ndi makoswe. Ngati nkhaniyi mungagwiritse ntchito nsalu, pepala, polyethylene kapena zipangizo zamtengo wapatali. N'zotheka kutsanulira madzi pafupi ndi chisanu chisanachitike chisanu, chomwe chidzasungunuka motero. Kutentha kwachitsulo kumateteza mizu kukazizira. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chisanu, koma pansi pa chikhalidwe, koma pasanakhale chisanu cholimba.
4) Kudulira
Kupanga korona mu mitengo yomwe zaka zawo zafika zaka ziwiri ndizofunika kwambiri. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti mtengo umakula wamtali, koma subala chipatso. Kuti muchite izi, kuyambira ali aang'ono, muyenera kudula mtengo wapakati pamtengo pamwamba pa Mphukira pafupifupi masentimita 60 pamwamba pa nthaka. Choncho, kwa nyengo yotsatira, nthambi zowonekera zidzaonekera. Komanso, mphukira yapakati ndi nthambi zatsopano ziyenera kufupikitsidwa ndi pafupi kotala, komanso pamwamba pa masamba.
Kale mumtengo waukulu muyenera kufupikitsa nthambi zonse za korona kuti masambawo atenge mawonekedwe abwino. Kudulira mitengo kuyenera kuchitika m'chaka, ndipo zigawo ziyenera kupangidwa ndi mapepala apadera kapena zothetsera.
5) Feteleza
Manyowa nthaka kuti igwe 2 zaka mutabzala. Ndikofunika kubweretsa zovala zina m'kati mwa madzi okwanira kapena masentimita 50. Phosphate ndi fetashi feteleza ndizofunikira kwa mapeyala. Mitundu iyi ya feteleza iyenera kusakanizidwa ndi zinthu zakuthupi ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka zaka zisanu zilizonse. Mavitrogeni ndi ofunika kuti mapeyala akhale olimbikitsa kukula, choncho chovala choterechi chiyenera kubweretsedwe panthawi yomwe mitengo ikugwira ntchito komanso poyamba kumasula nthaka. Zanyama zimatha kupangidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Palinso mitengo yolima masamba. Pakati pa njirazi, abambo amachiritsidwa ndi njira yowonjezerapo kuti chiwerengero cha kukula chikule bwino komanso kuchepetsa zokolola. Pankhaniyi, mitengo ikhoza kutsitsidwa ndi njira yothetsera sulfate kapena potaziyamu nitrate (1-2%) ndi yankho la superphosphate (2-3%).
6) Chitetezo
Zomerazi sizingawonongeke ndi nkhanambo, koma monga kupewa, mungagwiritse ntchito njira yothetsera urea (5%), yomwe imathandizidwa ndi mitengo mwamsanga kutha kwa fruiting.
