Beninkaz kapena mkaka wa sera - woimira bwino wa dzungu banja. Nthawi zambiri amalima ku Indonesia, China, Latin America. Komabe, beninkaz ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, kotero kulima kwake kungalimbikitsidwe kwa wamaluwa nyengo yathu.
Mukudziwa? Masamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ochiritsira achi China kuti athetse matenda ambiri.
Zamkatimu:
- Chimene chimakonda beninkaz: Kusankha malo okuma m'munda
- Kodi kuwala kwa beninkaz kumakhala mtundu wanji?
- Dothi lodzala beninkazy
- Lamulo lokhazikitsa maluwa
- Momwe mungakonzekerere nthaka yobzala
- Seeding beninkazy
- Momwe mungasamalire mbewu
- Kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka
- Zimasamalira beninkazoy panja
- Momwe mungamwetsere chomera
- Kodi ndi nthawi yanji kudyetsa chomera
- Kuphimba ndi kupanga mapiritsi a beninkazy
- Nkhumba ndi Matenda
- Sera yokolola
Mphungu yamphongo kapena beninkaz: kufotokozera ndi ubwino wa dzungu
Beninkaz (mkaka wa sera) - lianoid pachaka chikhalidwe. Mizu yayamba bwino. Zimayambira kukula mpaka mamita anayi m'litali, mbali. Masamba ndi ang'onoang'ono kusiyana ndi mitundu ina ya dzungu, lobed, yaitali petiolate.
Maluwa a mtundu wa sera ndi wawukulu, ovekedwa ndi mtundu wa lalanje wowala, amakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa.
Zipatso zimakhala zozungulira kapena kuzungulira. M'katikati mwake, amalemera makilogalamu 5, kutentha - kufika 10 kg. Zipatso zopanda zipatso zimaphimbidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'onoting'ono komanso tizitsulo tomwe timayang'ana ngati sera. Maungu owoneka ndi osalala. Chiwonongeko pa iwo chikuphatikizidwa. Chifukwa cha ichi, zipatso sizimapweteka kwa nthawi yaitali.
Ndi nthawi yosungirako nthawi yaitali (zaka 2-3 pansi pazinthu zoyenera, mwachitsanzo, pakhomo kapena pansi mu khitchini) zomwe zimasiyanitsa dzungu lachisanu kuchokera kwa ena onse.
Beninkaza amadziwika mu mankhwala a antipyretic, diuretic, ndi analgesic properties.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito dzungu pakuphika, mwachitsanzo, poyika zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Mapira a zipatso zosapsa mu mawonekedwe opangira akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku saladi, ndi kwa okhwima - kuphika zosiyanasiyana casseroles, mbali mbale, zamchere.
Chimene chimakonda beninkaz: Kusankha malo okuma m'munda
Agrotechnics ikukula maungu beninkaza yosavuta, koma amafunika kutsatira mosamala malamulo.
Kodi kuwala kwa beninkaz kumakhala mtundu wanji?
Phulusa la sera - chomeracho ndi chachikondi, choncho ndibwino kukula ndi kubala zipatso pokhapokha atabzalidwa pachiwembu. M'mithunzi imayamba kugwedezeka pambuyo pa chitukuko.
Dothi lodzala beninkazy
Njira yabwino kwa beninkazy idzakhala yachonde, nthaka yobiriwira ndi zabwino zokhazikika. Mbali yosakanizidwa ya acidity ndi 5.8-6.8 pH. Zotsatila bwino za mchere ndizo mbatata, amadyera, kabichi, kaloti, beets, nandolo, nyemba.
Ndikofunikira! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala beninkaz pambuyo pa sikwashi, sikwashi, nkhaka, mitundu ina ya dzungu, monga tizilombo kapena spores zovulaza matenda zimatha kukhala pansi.
Lamulo lokhazikitsa maluwa
Momwe mungakonzekerere nthaka yobzala
M'dzinja, malo okonzedweratu a beninkaz ayenera kukumbidwa ndi manyowa omwe abweretsedwa. Kumayambiriro kasupe musanadzalemo zomera zowonekera poyera kupanga zamchere feteleza (15 g wa ammonium nitrate, 20 g wa potaziyamu sulfate, 30 g wa ammophos pa 1 sq. M ya nthaka).
Seeding beninkazy
Kukula beninkaza yamatope m'mbali zathu kungakhale kuchokera ku mbande. Pochita izi, mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa April - theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May, mbeu 1-2 zimayikidwa miphika yeniyeni. Kuzama kwapansi - osaposa 1-2 masentimita.
Kwa beninkazy kumera kuchokera kumbewu nthawi yomweyo kuthengo sikuchitika, chifukwa alibe nthawi yakuphuka.
Momwe mungasamalire mbewu
Pamene mukukula maungu m'dzikolo, matanki ayenera kuikidwa pamalo otentha (pafupifupi 25 ° C ndi pamwamba) ndipo ali ndi zojambulazo. NthaĆ”i zambiri amafunika kupopera ndi mpweya. Ndi bwino kuyatsa mbande pafupi ndi kuzizira, kubweretsa mpweya wabwino kwa maola angapo.
Kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka
Mu theka lachiwiri la mwezi wa May - theka lachiwiri la June, pamene nyengo yotentha imatha, mbande za beninkaza zimabzalidwa m'mabowo pamtunda wa mamita 0.7-1 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Mazenera ayambe kutsanulira madzi otentha.
Poika mbande miphika pamalo otseguka, imayendetsedwa ndi manyowa kapena masamba owuma. Mpaka mbeu zazing'ono zitakhazikika, nthawi zonse zimathirira madzi (7-8 malita a madzi ofunda pansi pa mmera uliwonse).
Zimasamalira beninkazoy panja
Momwe mungamwetsere chomera
Beninkaz kwa agrotechnics imafuna 1-2 kuthirira pa sabata. Pachifukwa ichi, pansi pa chomera chilichonse, perekani 5-7 malita a madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Musamwe madzi msuzi wa madzi ndi madzi ozizira. Mizu imavutika ndi izi, zipatso sizinapangidwe bwino.
Kodi ndi nthawi yanji kudyetsa chomera
Sera ya sera ndi masamba okhudzana ndi kudyetsa. 2-3 nthawi iliyonse pa nyengo ikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange zotsatirazi:
- 20 g wa sulfate ya potaziyamu;
- 20 g wa ammonium nitrate;
- 30-40 g ya ammophos (50 g ya superphosphate ingalowe m'malo).
Kuphimba ndi kupanga mapiritsi a beninkazy
Kupanga mavitamini a beninkazes kumachitika mwa kutumizira mungu wamphongo kwa maluwa aakazi. Njira yabwino kwambiri yochitira izi ndi burashi yofewa.
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kucha kwa zipatso m'mwezi wa August, tsinde lachitsamba ndi pinched. Ena wamaluwa amalangizidwa kuti azitsina pambuyo pa maonekedwe ambiri a mazira.
Nkhumba ndi Matenda
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya maungu beningaz sakhala ndi matenda, osagonjetsedwa ndi tizirombo.
Sera yokolola
Beningazu ayenera kuchotsedwa asanayambe chisanu, kudula dzungu pamodzi ndi tsinde. Zindiyenera kukumbukira kuti zipatso zazing'ono sizidzaima nthawi yaitali. Ayenera kuwonongedwa mwamsanga kapena kutsukidwa, kuduladutswa ndi kuzizira.
Zipatso zimatha kusungidwa kwa chaka chimodzi.
Mukudziwa? Aborigines amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sera kwa makandulo.
Phulusa la sera - Chomera chomwe sichimafuna chidwi kwambiri, kotero ku dacha kulima kwake sikovuta, koma kumapangitsa kuti zakudya zanu zisokoneze.