Lavrovishnya - mankhwala, masamba obiriwira shrub, zipatso zomwe zimakonda kwambiri mankhwala, kuphika, winemaking. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera, zaluso, ndi zipatso kuti apange zipatso zokoma, zathanzi komanso machiritso ofunikira. Chinthu chinanso chofunika kwambiri chotchedwa cherry cherry, tiyeni tiwone.
Kufotokozera
Lavrovishnya - chomera chobiriwira cha banja la Rozanov, yemwe dziko lake akuonedwa kuti ndi Western Caucasus. Pansi pa chilengedwe, amapezeka m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya ndi Asia, komwe nyengo imakhala yotentha komanso yotentha.
Shrub imatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha zipatso, kunja komweko ngati chitumbuwa, ndi mawonekedwe a masamba, omwe amafanana ndi masamba a chipatso.
Laurel cherry - osatha, kufika kutalika kwa mamita 10. Lili ndi mizu yaitali, yolimba, nthambi zobiriwira, zosalala, zapansi, zomwe masamba obiriwira amdima ndizowonongeka.
Mukudziwa? Mbali ya mtengo uwu ndi makonzedwe a masamba pa nthambi, iwo amapanga zomwe zimatchedwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, pamene masamba ena akukonzekera kuti atsike pansi, ndi zina - mu kukwera dongosolo. Malo amenewa m'chilengedwe ndi osowa kwambiri.
Mu April-May shrub yomwe yafika zaka zinayi za moyo imayamba kuphulika. Maluŵa amtunduwu amawoneka pa iwo ndi ming'oma mpaka masentimita 20, omwe kunja kwake amafanana ndi makandulo okongoletsa. Maluwa onse, omwe amalembetsa fungo lochititsa chidwi, amakhala ndi calyx, yomwe imakhala ndi mapiri asanu ndi ambirimbiri. Pambuyo maluwa, mtengowo umabereka zipatso zazing'ono, zokhala ndi minofu - drupes ya maluwa ofiira, oyera kapena pinki, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana. Zipatso zimakhala zokoma, zokoma, zokoma, koma mafupa, masamba ndi makungwa a chikhalidwe ndi owopsa. Zokolola za chomera chimodzi chingakhale makilogalamu 120.
Mitundu
M'chilengedwe, pali mitundu yoposa 400 ya laurel cherry, koma pakati pawo ndi itatu yokha:
- Chipwitikizi - mtengo waukulu kwambiri kapena mtengo waung'ono, womwe umapezeka kuti ndi wokongola kwambiri, wonena, masamba ovate ndi petioles wofiira. Mtengo umakula pang'onopang'ono, umamasula mochedwa - kumapeto kwa July. Zipatso za mbewuzo ndizochepa zipatso za mdima wofiira, umene uli pa maluwa kupereka chikhalidwe chokongola, wolemera mawonekedwe;
- chiyankhulo - shrub wamphamvu yomwe imatha kufika mamita asanu ndi asanu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakula pang'onopang'ono, makamaka pamtunda wosasunthika bwino, ngakhale ingafe ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi. Chomeracho ndi cha mitundu yokonda kutentha, choncho nyengo imatha pokhapokha pali pogona. Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha chitumbuwa cha laurel ndicho kusuntha fomu yokongoletsa kutchire ndi kubzala kwa tubing;
- mankhwala - mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mankhwala amasiku ano. Ndi shrub yaing'ono kapena mtengo, osati mamita atatu pamwamba. Amadziwika ndi kukana kwa chisanu, kupirira mthunzi, kukula mofulumira, zokolola. Capricious ku nthaka, amakonda mabala, humus-carbonate nthaka, loam. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi zokongoletsa kwambiri, makamaka nthawi ya maluwa. Amatha kupanga, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo, minda, mapaki. Zipatso za chikhalidwe zimadziwika ndi mavitamini ndi mchere olemera, chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mankhwala.
Njira zoberekera
Lavrovishnya amafalitsidwa mosavuta ndi kudula, mbewu kapena kuika. Njira iliyonse ili ndi zizindikiro zake, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zozoloŵera kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa.
Phunzirani momwe mungamere zomera monga: juniper, lavender, rosemary, savory, fern Asplenium, thuja chipinda, mtengo wa khofi, azalea, kalanchoe, anthurium, geranium, orchid, spathiphyllum, violet, begonia kunyumba.
Mbewu
Mukamabzala mbewu ndi mbeu, muyenera kuganizira kuti ali oyenera kubereka mwamsanga mutatha kukolola. Mukasunga mbewu, kumera kumachepera khumi. Mukhoza kupititsa patsogolo zipangizo zowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizozi.
- Mwamsanga mutatha kukolola, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu chidebe ndi nthaka yonyowa bwino 1 cm yakuya.
- Chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi filimu ya PVC ndipo imaikidwa m'firiji kwa miyezi 2-3.
- Pambuyo pa nthawi yoikika, zimamera ndipo zimachoka kutentha kuti zipitirire kumera.
- M'chaka chiri ndi mphukira zazing'ono zomwe zimakaikidwa pamalo osatha, ndipo mwamsanga. Mitengo yaing'ono ya mmera, ndi yosavuta komanso yofulumira idzakhazikika.
Cuttings
Chikhalidwe chofalitsa ndi cuttings chimaonedwa kuti ndi nthawi yambiri yomwe imadya ndi yovuta. Ikuchitika motere:
- Kumapeto kwa June, mphukira zopanda lignified zimadulidwa ndikugawidwa m'magawo angapo a masentimita 10-12;
- Kutsekemera, kutsekedwa kwathunthu kwa masamba, kumabzalidwa mwapadera nthaka: gawo limodzi la peat kapena humus ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga wa mtsinje, kukulitsa lirilonse m'nthaka ndi masentimita atatu. Pansi pa chidebe chodzala timadzi timene timapanga dothi losakanikirana ndi dongo lopangidwa kapena mwala wopunduka;
- chidebe ndi cuttings chiyikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ndikofunika kupereka cuttings abwino kuthirira, yomwe ikuchitika pa nthawi inayake. M'nyengo yotentha, zimamera ziyenera kuyamwa maola awiri;
- Pambuyo popanga mizu, zidutswazo zimabzalidwa miphika yosiyana, kumene "adzakhala" kwa chaka chimodzi;
- Kugwa kwotsatira, mbande zimaikidwa pamalo otseguka.
Mukudziwa? Sapling yomwe yakula kuchokera ku phesi la mtengo wa laurel imakhala ndi ntchito zonse za "kholo", zomwe siziri choncho kwa mbewu yomwe imapezeka kuchokera ku mbewu. Kuonjezera apo, pamene akuswana cuttings mu chaka chimodzi chokha, mukhoza kukula chosiyana, chikhalidwe chonse.
Kuyika
Pa kubereka ndi zigawo, mitundu itatu ya zipangizo amagwiritsidwa ntchito: zoweta, zowongoka kapena zopanda malire.
Pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings, nthambi ya chomera imapangidwira pansi ndipo imadetsedwa ndi dothi lochepa. Asanayambe mizu, amaonetsetsa kuti nthaka ikuyendera komanso madzi okwanira nthawi yake. Mwamsanga pamene mizu imapangidwira pa wosanjikiza, imadulidwa ndi kuikidwa pamalo osiyana.
Zolemba zowonjezera kubereka zimapangidwa motere:
- kumapeto kwa kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mtengo umadulidwa, kuchoka pang'onopang'ono mpaka 3 cm;
- mu kasupe, mphukira zazing'ono zimapangidwira pa stumps, zomwe zimapweteka ndipo zimasiya zamphamvu;
- Pambuyo pa kukula kwa mphukira kufika pamtunda wa 20 cm, zimadula nthaka ndikuchoka pamwamba. Perekani madzi okwanira ku chomera;
- mu kugwa, pamene mphukira imapereka mizu, iwo amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi ndikuyikidwa ku malo atsopano.
Komanso, zigawozo zimafalitsidwa: mapiri a phulusa wofiira ndi zipatso zakuda, mapeyala osiyanasiyana Avgustovskaya mame, yoshty, Potentilla shrub, clematis, cornel, magnolia, viola, shefleru, kumquat, red currant, juniper
Tikufika
Kubzala katswiri wa chitumbuwa sikovuta kwa wamaluwa. Posankha malo okhalako chikhalidwe, munthu ayenera kupatsa malo okonzedwa bwino, opanda ma drafts. Mukhoza kuyamba kukula zitsamba pazochitika za nyumba kapena kutentha, pogwiritsira ntchito zitsulo, kenako nkuziika pamalo otseguka.
Kubzala zitsamba zomwe zikuchitika malinga ndi malamulo awa:
- Kusankha malo. Laurel Cherry amakonda malo abwino, komabe zimakhala bwino mumthunzi. Kuti apange zinthu zabwino kwambiri zolima, ndi bwino kupereka chikhalidwe ndi kuwala, kusokonezeka, popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso kupezeka kwazithunzi.
- Kutentha kwamtundu. Chomera chimakula bwino pamatentha kuchokera ku +20 mpaka + madigiri 24. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, tikulimbikitsanso kutenga chikhalidwe kumsewu, khonde kapena loggia, koma kuti tisawonetsetse kuwala kwa dzuwa;
- Nthaka. Mtengo wosasunthika, wochuluka kwambiri, osati wowawa kwambiri umaphatikizapo mitengo ya chitumbuwa cha cherry. Kusakaniza kwa dziko lapansi kungakonzedwe mwachindunji, kutenga mbali zofanana za leafy earth, humus, peat ndi mullein. Kuchokera mu sitolo yomwe imalangizidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito nthaka ya zomera zamaluwa. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kupanga mapangidwe a ngalande.
- Kuthirira. Pa nthawi ya kukula kwachangu, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, shrub iyenera kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse, kuteteza dothi kuti liwume komanso nthawi yomweyo madzi omwe ali mumtsinje. Kutentha kwambiri kumayambitsa kuvunda kwa mizu ndi mawonekedwe a powdery mildew pa masamba. M'nyengo yozizira, mtengo umathirira kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kupatula madzi okwanira, zimalimbikitsa kupopera mbewu m'mawa ndi madzulo.
- Kupaka pamwamba. Kuchokera mu April mpaka September, chitumbuwa cha laurel chimadyetsedwa kamodzi pa mwezi ndi zokonzekera mchere ndi zokonza, pa 1 sq. M. M okwanira 5-8 makilogalamu a feteleza.
Kulima nthawi yotseguka - kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena kumapeto kwa autumn. Pochita izi, musanayambe kukonza nthaka: kumasula, kupanga feteleza kwa maluwa okongoletsa zitsamba. Shrub imatsikira mu dzenje la 80 x 80 masentimita, popanda kupindula mokwanira muzu wa mizu pansi. Nthaka kuzungulira zomera ndi mokoma tamped ndi kuthirira mochuluka.
Pofuna kukonzekera bwino munda wamunda, muyenera kuyandikira bwino nkhani ya kukonzekera: kupanga mabedi, mipanda, kukonza mabedi.
Chisamaliro
Laurel cherry - osati kuumirira chisamaliro ndi kusamalira chikhalidwe. Amapulumuka bwino m'malo ozizira, amakonda kuwala, koma akhoza kukula mumthunzi.
The shrub imafuna kudulira ndi kupanga. Iwo amachitikira kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. Ngati chomeracho chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpanda, ndiye kuti kudulira kumatchulidwa kawiri pa chaka: masika ndi kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mu May ndi September, kudulira zowonongeka kumachitika: mphukira zimachotsedwa chifukwa cha chitsamba cha asymmetry, nthambi zofooka ndi zopweteka. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito pruner kuti mudulire mitengo, chifukwa pambuyo pake pali zowonongeka zomwe zimakhala zachikasu mwamsanga.
Pakati pa kukula kwachangu (kuyambira April mpaka September) chikhalidwe chimakhala ndi umuna mwezi uliwonse ndi kukonzekera kwakukulu komwe kumapangidwira maluwa. Kukwanira makilogalamu 5 pa 1 lalikulu. m mchere feteleza umodzi wa sing'anga shrub.
Ndikofunikira! Muyenera kudziwa kuti chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni feteleza zomwe zimaperekedwa makamaka kumapeto kwa kutha, kuthekera kwa shrub kupirira nyengo yozizira ndi chisanu kwachepetsedwa kwambiri, mpaka kumwalira.
Pa nthawi ya chisamaliro ndikofunikira kumamatira ndi kuthirira moyenera. M'nyengo yachilimwe, ndikwanira kuthirira madzi a laurel kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene chomera chikupuma, kuchepetsa kuthirira kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Chinyezi choonjezera choyenera chikuchitika ndi chilala champhamvu kapena kumalo otseguka.
Musalole kupuma kwa madzi kumalo a mizu ya mtengo, chifukwa zingayambitse zowola mizu ndipo, motero, imfa ya chomeracho. Mukamera mbeu m'mabotolo kapena malo obiriwira, nthaka imagwiritsidwa ntchito yomwe ili ndi gawo limodzi la nthaka.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Popeza masamba ndi makungwa a chikhalidwe ndi owopsa, sizingawonekere ku matenda komanso zotsatira za zotsatira za tizirombo. Choopsa kwambiri cha laurel chitumbuwa ndi powdery mildew, chomwe chimadziwonekera kukhala woyera mawanga pa masamba. Kuchiza kwa madera owonongeka ndi fungicides apadera kapena mankhwala a sulufu akuonedwa kuti ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri yokhudza mame. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe a powdery ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka, kotero muyenera kusintha madzi okwanira.
Pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe sapezeka kwambiri pa shrub akhoza kukhala scovitka kapena mealybug. Kulimbana nawo ndi fungicides ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zothandiza
Lavrovishnya, makamaka pakati pa anthu a ku Caucasus, akhala akudziwika kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa cha machiritso ake. Masamba a chomera ali olemera mafuta ofunikira, tannins, mafuta, flavonoids, omwe ali ndi analgesic, anti-inflammatory, sedative effect. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi:
- pofuna kuchiza matenda ambiri a dongosolo lamanjenje, ndi kusokonezeka, kupsinjika maganizo, kukwiya;
- monga mankhwala owonjezera a mitundu ina ya chifuwa chachikulu;
- pofuna kuchizira chifuwa ndi matenda opuma;
- mu matenda a mtima dongosolo, makamaka, arrhythmias, aneurysm;
- monga mankhwala ena ochizira khansa ya chiberekero, zotupa za m'mimba;
- pochizira mafinya, kutupa kwa memphane.
Kuwonjezera pa mitengo ya chitumbuwa yamatchire, oregano (oregano), chervil, caraway, rocambol, vwende, sucker, hops, oxalis, calendula ndi buttercups zimathandizanso pa moyo wa mtima.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chomera ndi chosatsutsika, ndipo mankhwala achipatala amapereka maphikidwe angapo osavuta omwe angathandize kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuchiza matenda ena:
- Kupititsa patsogolo kapangidwe ka zakudya ndi kugona. Miphika ya zipatso yaphwanyidwa, yothira mu 1: 1 chiŵerengero ndi shuga. Chidacho chimatengedwa pambuyo pa chakudya cha 1 tsp. 3 pa tsiku.
- Ndikumva kupweteka m'mimba ndi m'matumbo. 2 tbsp. l Wosweka masamba owuma kutsanulira 250 ml wa madzi ofunda, amapatsa kwa mphindi 15-20, fyuluta. Tengani msuzi mosamala pa 2 tbsp. l ndi ululu.
- Ndikumutu. Mchere wamatcheri wathyoledwa ndikudya ndi 1 tsp., Watsukidwa ndi mkaka wosakaniza.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti tisamadzipange mankhwalawa, chifukwa ali ndi zida zowopsa, zomwe zingayambitse kusokonezeka, kunyoza, kusanza, kumutu, kupopera magazi. Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osungunula, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu nthawi zonse.
Mtedza wa cherry ndi wokongola, wokongola ndi wothandiza shrub umene sungakhale wokongoletsera wokongoletsa munda wanu, komanso "bwenzi" lapadera lochizira matenda ambiri. Chikhalidwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa mankhwala amakono popanga mankhwala, mavitamini, akupanga. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chomera ndi chakupha, sichiletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito popanda chilolezo cha adotolo.
Mayankho ochokera ku intaneti.
