Kulima tomato kumalumikizidwa ndi kuteteza mbewu ku tizirombo. Zopanda pake kwambiri ndizoponya. Nkhupakupa zing'onozing'ono izi zosayamwa zimayamwa madzi abwino pamasamba, zokolola za phwetekere zimachepa. Zomera pang'onopang'ono zimafota.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timaswana mwachangu munthawi yonse yachikhalidwe. Zachilengedwe, njira zamankhwala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana. Pa magawo oyambilira a zotupa, pamene kupindika kumodzi kumaonekera patchire, mankhwala azitsamba ochokera pazomera zothandizirana angathandize.
Momwe mungadziwire kupindika pamatomedwe
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timayang'ana zobisika. Amabisala masamba, mkati mwa masamba. Mtundu wosaoneka, kakang'ono kakang'ono (wamkulu amakula mpaka 2 mm) othandizira amapita osadziwika. Tizilombo tingadziwone ndi boma la tomato. Zizindikiro zazikulu za kupezeka kwawo:
- Tsamba limawala, gululi lotseguka limawonekera;
- mawanga achikasu, pigmentation imakulirakulira patapita nthawi, imafalikira mu tsamba lonse la masamba;
- Madontho akuda awoneka pauwisi - awa ndi akuchipuka kwa nkhupakupa, tizirombo tambiri timene timatha kukhala pa iwo.
Mbande zimayamba kumera. Ngati mphukira ung'onthe, kulephera kuwonekera sikungawonekere, ndi bwino kuchita chithandizo.
Tizilombo timakonda kukhazikika ndikuyika mazira pansi pa tsamba. Ndikosavuta kuzindikira kupindika komwe chifukwa cha mitundu ya mitundu. Tizilombo titha kukhala tofiira, timaso tokongola. Koma zowonjezereka ndizowoneka bwino kapena zakuda zaimvi. Ali ndi thupi lalitali lalitali, mutu wawung'ono wokhala ndi tinyanga.
Zomwe zimawoneka ngati zimapindika pamatomedwe
Mphutsi za kuyamwa nkhupakupa ndizochepa kwambiri. Zitha kubweretsedwa munyengo ndi zonyansa, dothi lodetsedwa, limodzi ndi mbande zogulidwa. Ndi kulima pawokha kwa tomato, mphukira zazing'ono zimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo zomwe zimapezeka pazomera zamkati. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizirombo timakhala m'nyumba.
Kutulutsa kumachitika mwachangu pachinyezi chachikulu, kutentha kwakukulu kwa iwo ndi + 20 ... +25 ° C. Chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka chikuwonjezeka ngati kasinthidwe ka mbewu sanawonedwe. Pakakulitsa tomato kapena nightshade yemweyo wowonjezera kutentha, mbewu zimakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri.
Chithandizo cha anthu ku chopondera pa tomato
Olima dimba kuti athe kulimbana ndi tizilombo tomwe timayamwa amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopanda chitetezo. Zimakhazikitsidwa motengera chilengedwe cha mbewu. Kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba magawo a matenda, pomwe pali tizirombo tambiri. Chinsinsi chokonzera infusions ndi decoctions amaperekedwa pagome.
| Njira | Kuphika | Kugwiritsa |
| Marigold Buds Msuzi | 50 g ya maluwa amaphwanyidwa, kuwiritsa. Mafuta kunena 3 masiku. | Chitani mankhwala kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kamodzi pa sabata. |
| Garlic kulowetsedwa | 1 tsp kutsanulira zamkati adyo mu kapu yamadzi, kunena tsiku. | Mapepala anakhudza. |
| Mpiru ndiuma | 1 tsp ufa umaphatikizidwa mu lita imodzi yamadzi. | Thirirani dothi lozungulira chomeracho pochotsa mphutsi. |
| Tsabola wowotcha | Kukonzekera kwa kutsata: 30 g ya ufa amawiritsa mu kapu yamadzi kwa ola limodzi, msuzi umasiyidwa tsiku limodzi. Kuti akonze njira yothetsera, 10 ml (2 tsp) ya kutsata mozama amatengedwa pa lita imodzi yamadzi. | Kufufuza kumachitika kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. |
| Fodya kapena shag | 80 g ufa umathiridwa ndi madzi okwanira lita imodzi, nkumasefa. | Kuthirira kubzala kamodzi pa sabata. |
Mukamakulitsa tomato mu dothi lotetezedwa, njira zochepetsera chimango, galasi kapena filimu yokhala ndi soapy madzi imachitika sabata iliyonse. Gwiritsani ntchito sopo wobiriwira kapena phula wokhala ndi fungo lamphamvu.
Mankhwala opatsirana pa tomato
Chithandizo cha mbewu chimayamba pachiwonetsero choyambirira cha kuwonongeka. Tizilombo toyamwa tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda masiku ano othandiza kupikisana ndi mphutsi ndi nkhupakupa zazikulu zimawonetsedwa patebulopo.
Tizilombo timadzala m'masamba ndi zipatso, chifukwa chake, tisanayambe kukonza mbewu nthawi yakucha, ndikofunikira kuyamba kukolola. Kukolola kwotsatira kwa tomato kumapangidwa pakangotha milungu iwiri.
| Dzina lamankhwala | Mlingo wa mankhwalawa pokonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito yankho pa lita imodzi yamadzi | Kugwiritsa |
| Actellik - phula la organophosphorous lotengera pyrimifos-methyl | 2 ml | Pambuyo kupopera, kukulira phwetekere ndi filimu kwa tsiku limodzi. |
| Agravertine, Acarin amakhala ndi avertin | 10 ml | Chitsamba chimathiriridwa, kupatula malo obzala athanzi kwa maola 24. |
| Vertimek, yogwira mankhwala wambaectin | 2,5 g | Tchire lomwe limakhudzidwa limatsanuliridwa, nsalu yotchinga imapangidwa ndi filimuyi. |
| Karbofos - ufa kapena emulsion wa organophosphorous mankhwala | 7 g | Chulukani kuphukira katatu pa nyengo ndi gawo la sabata. |
| Confidor - wettable ufa, analogi wa Actelik | 2 ml ya osakaniza kuchepetsedwa malinga ndi malangizo | Tetezani tchire ndi zovuta pa masamba ndi nthaka. |
| Intavir (Inta-Vir) ili ndi cypermethrin, yomwe imapezeka m'mapiritsi | Piritsi 1 | Mobwerezabwereza (pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2) kuthilira kwa chomera, ndikutsata ndikakulunga ndi filimu. |
Kukonzekera Marathon mu mawonekedwe a granules youma kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimira. Imayambitsidwa musanamwe madzi okwanira. Tizilombo tofinya timasungunuka pang'ono pang'ono, ndikuwononga mphutsi zomwe zidagwera m'nthaka. Ziwopsezo zochokera m'mapanga zimavulaza ziweto, njuchi. Pakukonzekera njira zogwirira ntchito, mukakonza mbewu yokhala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, chisamaliro cha chitetezo chiyenera kuonedwa, ndikofunika kuvala magolovu, magalasi, ndi kupuma.
Zowerengeka azitsamba for thrips pa tomato
Vertimek, Fitoverm ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachokera ku chilengedwe. Amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa pa nyama, zothandiza tizilombo. Amakhala ndi ma cell kwa maola awiri, amalolera mosavuta chomera. Zomera zothandizirana zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kupindika kumaonekera pa mbande. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kukhala ndi milungu itatu.
Pa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, njira yothetsera mavitamini iyenera kukhala ya tomato lokha. Sizothandiza kulima m'nthaka. Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisiyoke masamba, tchire limakulungidwa ndi polyethylene, filimuyo imachotsedwa tsiku limodzi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala tulo. Amwalira m'masiku awiri kapena atatu. Zotulukazo zimasunganso kukonzanso kwawo kwa maola awiri, pambuyo pake zimawonongeka. Mankhwala omwe amapezeka poizoni amapitilira masiku atatu atatha kulandira chithandizo. Kenako tomato amathanso kukolola.
Kumwaza kumachitika pokhapokha pokhazikitsa njira zomwe zakonzedwa kale.
A Dachnik adalangiza: njira zodzitchinjiriza motsutsana ndi masamba
Kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyamwa. Mphutsi zozizira mofatsa m'malo otsetsereka, kudzuka kumapeto, kuwukira tchire la achinyamata. Ma thrips amakhala odekha, kotero njira zolimbana nawo sizothandiza nthawi zonse.
Kuti kuchuluka kwa tizilombo musachulukane, ndikofunikira kuti zisawapangire nyengo yabwino. Njira zopewera:
- Kupalira pafupipafupi kwa ikulima;
- kukolola zotsalira mutakolola, kukumba kwakatalika kwakuya kwapadziko lapansi;
- kasinthasintha wa mbeu, ndikosafunika kuti mbewu zina zamtunduwu zikhale zosakanikirana ndi masamba;
- wokhazikika wa sulfure fumment wa greenhouse, hotbeds, filimu m'misasa, ukhondo kukonza zida, zida garter, muli mbande;
- kulocha pamwamba pamtunda mutakolola;
- kuperewera kwa nthaka ndi yankho la manganese;
- kupeza zinthu zofunikira kwambiri kubzala.
Kuti muchepetse kuyamwa tizilombo, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala zitsamba zonunkhira, anyezi, adyo, marigold, marigold pafupi ndi tomato. Njira zovulaza izi zoteteza chomera ndizothandiza kwa njuchi ndi nyama.
Ma throut amatha kuberekanso nyengo yonse. Mukakulitsa tomato, ndikofunikira kuyang'ananso tchire, onani masamba mbali zonse. Ndikofunikira kuchita chithandizo ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira za zotupa zimawonekera.
