Mankhwala a chomera chotero monga chowotcha amadziwika kwa anthu mu latitudes kuyambira nthawi zakale. M'mbuyomu, sizinkadziwikidwe kawirikawiri, chifukwa chomera ichi chinkapezeka pafupifupi paliponse, komabe, ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndi zachilengedwe, zinayamba kutha pang'onopang'ono m'minda ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. M'nkhani yathu mudzapeza zambiri zokhudzana ndi kubzala, kusamalira udzu ndi tsatanetsatane wa zomera.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Pickling amatanthauza osatha herbaceous zomera ndipo ali ndi osiyana mayina maina, zomwe zimatchuka kwambiri ndi izi: udzu, udzu wa magazi, udzu wozizira, wild rowan, owl arrow. Womwe akuyimira mtundu wa Pepter ndi mapiritsi amchere, omwe amadziwikanso monga mankhwala, kapena amodzi.
Chowotcheracho chimakhala ndi nthawi yaitali, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiira, yomwe imatalika mpaka masentimita 10-12. Kuchokera pakati pa rhizome pali mizere yambiri yochepa komanso yayitali kwambiri. Tsinde limayima, kuyambira 30 cm kufika mamita 1 mu msinkhu, nthawi zambiri osakwatiwa, gawo lake lakumtunda nthawi zambiri nthambi, mkati mwake liri ndi chimango chopitilira, kuyera mpaka kukhudza, opanda.
Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi mwambo wakale, ana onse aang'ono amathandizidwa ndikuchitidwa kupewa matenda a ubongo mothandizidwa ndi chomera ichi. "Kugona m'mphepete mwazinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phokoso likhale labwino," linali njira yathanzi ya thanzi labwino.
Masamba, omwe ali m'dera la basal, ndi yaitali-petiolate, koma yaikulu kukula, pinnate, mbali yawo ndi mdima wonyezimira, wowala, mbali yapafupi ndi yowala ndi yochepa. Mapepalawa pamapesi alibe phindu, sasile. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi dzira lopangidwa ndi dzira komanso lakuthwa.
Maluwawo ndi ofunika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amdima wofiira, Amapanga mitu ngati mawonekedwe ozungulira, 1.5-3 centimita muyeso, iwo ali pazitali za peduncles. Mabhala - yaitali, onyowa, ofiirira, ndi ma membranes. Maluwawo amapezeka m'chilimwe. Monga chipatso, chomeracho chimapereka mtedza wouma wa mtundu wofiira wa tetrahedral, mamita 3-5 mpaka kukula.
Panthawi yonseyi, zomera zoterezi zidzakondwera ndi zokongoletsera mosalekeza: host, Badan, astilba, geykher, hellebore, stonecrop, viola, tradescantia.
Kufalitsa ndi malo
Kawirikawiri, chomerachi chikhoza kupezeka m'minda, m'madzi osefukira ndi mitsinje youma, pamphepete mwachitsulo ndi kuzimitsa, pamphepete mwa mtsinje ndi mabanki, m'matanthwe a zitsamba zina. Makamaka zambiri zimapezeka mchigwa. Mitundu yowonjezera yowonjezera yowonjezera yalembedwa mu Bukhu Loyera la Latvia, madera ena a Ukraine ndi Russia.
Krovokhlebki imafalitsa pafupifupi gawo lonse la Europe, North America, komanso madera a East Asia ndi nyengo yozizira. Zitsanzo zazing'ono zingapezenso ku Central Asia, m'mapiri a Tien Shan. Ku Russia, chomeracho chimagawidwa m'dera lake la Siberia, madera a Far East, mbali ya Ulaya ndi ku Caucasus.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lachirasha la mankhwalawa ndilokutembenuzidwa kwathunthu kuchokera ku Chilatini "Sanguisorba", lomwe kwenikweni limatanthauzira kuti "sanguis" - magazi, "sorbeo" -kudya.
Mitundu yambiri yotentha
Kuonekera kwa mitundu yonse ya udzu wowerengedwa ndi chimodzimodzi; koma mtundu wa inflorescences, kutalika kwake ndipo nthawizina kukula ndi mawonekedwe a masamba amapanga kusiyana. Nazi mndandanda wa mitundu yambiri yotentha:
- Tana - yomwe imakonda kwambiri mitundu yamakono ya mbewu imeneyi, yomwe ili ndi masamba ofiira, omwe kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 80.
- Kuphulika kwapiritsi - ali ndi zowonjezereka poyerekezera ndi mtundu wa tsamba la mawonekedwe ndi kuwala kofiira mtundu wa inflorescences.
- Rhesus - ali ndi maluwa okongola a pinki wakuda ndi masamba osakanikirana ndi mapiri pang'ono.
- Menzies - ili ndi masamba, omwe malire ake ali ndi malire oyera, komanso masamba ochepa a pinkish, omwe amakhala otalika masentimita 5-6.
- Ndibwino - Kupezeka kwa Ussuri dera. Amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake. Amakhala ndi mapiko akuluakulu aubweya wofiirira omwe amawomba kuchokera ku phesi, omwe amawathandiza kwambiri.
- Zosasangalatsa - imakula makamaka m'mapiri, imakhala ndi masamba a pinki komanso amatali kwambiri.
Ntchito zamankhwala
Zina mwa zochiritsira za zitsamba zingakhale zosiyana ndi antimicrobial, tonic, hemostatic, astringent, tonic ndi immunostimulating. Zambiri zopindulitsa zowonongeka zimapezeka mu rhizome ya chomera. Makamaka mizu yake imakhala ndi tannin osiyanasiyana, kulemera kwake komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala akufika 20-25%.
Pachifukwa cha muzu wa burnet, pali misala ya mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kunja ndi mkati. Ndipo ngati ntchito yapadera ikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mowa mopitirira muyeso ndi kusakaniza kuti awononge kukhumudwa kosiyanasiyana, kuvulala ndi kusiya magazi, mitundu yambiri yogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala kuchokera pa chomera ichi ndi yayikulu kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochizira pogwiritsa ntchito chomerachi, kambiranani ndi dokotala poyamba kuti musapewe zotsatira zoyipa komanso zomwe mungachite.
Mwachitsanzo, pali mankhwala omwe amapangidwa pofuna kulimbitsa chitetezo cha thupi, kutsekula m'mimba, kuchotsa kutupa kochulukirapo, kuchepetsa m'mimba motility, kuchiza matenda osiyanasiyana a m'mapapo, owonetseredwa ndi hemoptysis, matenda a chiberekero cha amayi.
Ndalama zonsezi, monga decoction, kulowetsedwa, tiyi, mafuta, makandulo, ndi zina zotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo omwe akulembedwera.
Komanso, chitetezo cha mthupi chimakhudzidwa ndi: osakaniza, horseradish, adyo, zokoma, maapulo, ramson, mafirusi, mtedza wakuda, alowe, amondi, sturgeon yoyera, viburnum, dogwood, magnolia mpesa, timbewu, timadzi, basil.
Kukula pakhomo
Kutentha - chomera chomwe chiri m'malo molepheretsa ku zinthu zomwe zikukula, ndipo kusamalira, monga lamulo, sikovuta kwambiri. Komabe, ngakhale kuganizira zapamwambazi, pali mbali yapadera ya kulima kwake, zomwe mungapeze mwatsatanetsatane.
Mavuto akukula
Chomeracho sichisowa kuwala kwa dzuwa, Komabe, ngati mukufuna kufotokozera bwino zokongoletsera zake, ndibwino kuti tizitsata malo okhala bwino. Kukula chimbudzi pamiphika panyumba kumakhala kotheka, koma pakuchita njirayi yobzala mbeuyi si yopindulitsa ndipo ikhoza kukuvutani kuti muisamalire.
Udzu wobiriwira ndi wosavuta komanso wosavulaza wokha umanyamula madzi ochulukirapo m'malo mwake, kotero palibe chifukwa chosankhira malo omwe angakhale kutali ndi malo okhala pansi pa madzi ndi matupi a madzi. Chomerachi chimatulutsanso mphepo ndi maluwa, makamaka chifukwa chophatikizana masamba ndi maluwa ndi mapesi, kotero mungathe kunyalanyaza izi pamene mukusankha malo otsetsereka.
Zingakuthandizeni kuti muphunzire zambiri za mitundu yosiyana siyana ndi katundu wa nthaka, machitidwe a fetereza kwa iwo, momwe angadziwire okha kukhala acidity pa nthaka pamtengowu, momwe mungachichepetsere, komanso kuti mudziwe zomwe zimadalira momwe mungapangire chonde.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Ndizofunikira kusankha nthaka yachonde, yolemera mu mchere wambiri ndi mankhwala a organic, ndibwino kuti mubzale pa chernozem ndi zomasuka, zopanda pake. Dothi ladothi ndi dothi lokhala ndi porous ndi loyenerera. Kuchuluka kwa acidity ya nthaka iyenera kukhala yopanda ndale kapena, mocheperapo, pang'ono kake. Dothi la mchere limapereka chithandizo chokwanira ndikukula bwino kwa zomera.
Ali ndi malo okwanira ndi nthaka, Lugovka sichitenga zobvala zokha musanadzale komanso mukukula, koma ngati muwona kuti chomeracho chikusowa feteleza, ndiye kuti muzisunga mankhwala owonjezera ndi mavitamini 2-3. Superphosphate pa mlingo wa 150-200 magalamu pa chidebe cha madzi idzakhala yoyenera monga zakudya zamchere, ndi mullein kapena zofukiza mbalame zitosi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito feteleza ndi zinthu zakuda 1:10.
Ndikofunikira! Onani kuti udzu watsopano kwa zaka 5-7 sizingatheke kudzala m'malo amtundu wakale chifukwa cha zovuta za "kutopa kwa nthaka," komanso chifukwa chakuti mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zitha kutenga kachilomboka zingakhalebe panthaka.
Ndibwino kuti manyowa asamalire dzuwa lisanatuluke kapena dzuwa litalowa., chifukwa kugwirizana kwa feteleza ndi dzuwa kungayambitse mankhwala, pomwe zomerazo zimatentha mapesi. Ndikofunika kutsanulira madzi ndi feteleza mwachindunji pansi pazu, kuyesera kuti asamadzike zimayambira ndi masamba. Ngati mukufuna kudzala krovloblebka mu nthaka yopanda dothi, ndibwino kuti musanayambe kuthira manyowa kamodzi ndi superphosphate pazomwe zili pamwambapa.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Madzi okwanira okwanira ambiri amafunika kuti phulusa likule bwino komanso kukula. choncho ndibwino kuti muzimwa madzi tsiku ndi tsiku pamlingo wa chidebe cha madzi pa 1-2 lalikulu mamita. Pachifukwa ichi, madzi ayenera kukhala ozizira, makamaka kuti apatule, bwino, kapena kuchokera ku chitsime cha kasupe, popeza chlorine yomwe ili mumphepete mwa madzi angapangitse kutayika kwa mtundu wowala ndi wokongola wa magazilet.
Ndifunikanso kuti chinyezi cha mlengalenga chimasungidwa pamtunda womwe uli pafupi ndi malo ake okhalamo, kapena kuti 60-80%. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kuthirira madziwo mochuluka molingana ndi momwe zilili pamwambapa, ndipo ngati izi sizingakwanire, ndipo mukuwona kuti zikuyamba kuwonongeka, mungathe kupopera madzi ndi mfuti kamodzi patsiku, makamaka dzuwa lisanatuluke. Makamaka, ndi bwino kuyamwetsa kutentha kwa magazi mu chilimwe chotentha komanso chouma.
Phunzirani momwe mungamere zomera monga: juniper, lavender, rosemary, savory, fernum asplenium, chipinda chamkati, mtengo wa khofi, azalea, kalanchoe, anthurium, geranium, orchid, spathiphyllum, violet, begonia kunyumba.
Kuswana
Kubzala mbewu kunyumba kungakhale njira zazikulu ziwiri: vegetative ndi chithandizo cha mbewu. Njira ziwirizi zatsimikizira kuti zimakhala zogwira mtima, komabe popeza njira ya vegetative imaphatikizapo khama komanso chofunika chowonjezera pa nkhaniyi, zingakhale bwino ngati mugwiritsa ntchito njira yachiwiriyi kuti muyambe.
Mbewu
Njira yokonzera mbeu yambewu ndi yobvuta, komabe ngati mutatsatira malingaliro onsewa pansipa, zidzakhala zosavuta kwa inu. Pano pali ndondomeko yoyenera ya zochita:
- Sungani nyemba kumapeto kwa mwezi wa August ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, pambuyo pa zambiri za inflorescences zatha.
- Atatha kuuma kwa milungu iwiri, konzekerani kufesa, kuchotsa mbewu zonse zopanda kanthu komanso zowonongeka - kuti muchite izi, kuziika mu kapu ndi madzi ndikuchotsa zomwe sizimira pansi.
- Kumapeto kwa autumn, yambani kufesa pamalo otseguka - kuti muchite izi, pangani mpweya wa masentimita asanu ndi limodzi pansi, perekani nyemba mmenemo ndikuwaza pamwamba pa nthaka.
- Kumapeto kwa nyengo, kuyembekezera kutuluka kwa mphukira zoyamba, ndipo kuyamba kwa maluwa othamanga a mbeu yobzalidwa motere kudzakhala zaka 2-3 mutabzala.
Ndikofunikira! Yesetsani kufesa krovlolebku kutali ndi zomera zina, makamaka ndi mizu yosauka bwino, popeza m'tsogolomu idzatenga zakudya zonse kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo.
Zamasamba
Njira ya vegetative imatanthawuza kupatulidwa kwa rhizome ya cinderbled mu zigawo zingapo ndipo pambuyo pake kumera mu nyengo ya kutentha ndi kupitanso patsogolo pansi pamene nyengo yayamba. Pano pali ndondomeko yoyenera ya njira iyi:
- Dulani mzere wa chomeracho, mosamalitsa uwuchotse pansi ndi kuwugawa ndi mpeni ngakhale magawo 3-5 centimita. Kukonzekera uku kumachitika bwino kumapeto kwa November.
- Ikani delenki yomwe imapanga miphika yambiri pa wowonjezera kutentha kapena kunyumba, kutsanulira ndi madzi pang'ono ndikuphimba ndi galasi loyera kapena pepala la pulasitiki kuti muteteze chinyontho.
- Pakuoneka ngati mphukira yoyamba, chotsani galasi kapena filimu ndi kuthirira mbewuyo ndi madzi pang'ono tsiku lililonse kuti muzitha kutentha masentimita 3-4 m'nthaka (kuyazitsa kwazomwe mungayang'ane ndi chala kapena pensulo).
- Mu kasupe, kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumafika ku 7% + 10 ° C, mukhoza kuyamba kuumitsa mbande, kubweretsa mpweya wabwino kwa mphindi 10-15.
- Poyambira mwezi wa May, zomera zowirira komanso zolimba zimabzalidwa pamtunda, zomwe, ngati zikhumba ndi zofunikira, zikhoza kubzalidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko zomwe zalembedwa pamwambapa.
Kugwirizana kwa kutentha
The pedicle ndi yosavuta kuthana ndi zovuta za nyengo yozizira ndi yotentha yotentha, izi ndizofunika makamaka kwa zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa pafupi ndi malo osungiramo madzi kapena kutali ndi malo osungira pamwamba pa nthaka. Ndikoyenera kunena kuti mfuti ya nkhuku siimayenera makamaka kukonzekera nyengo yozizira, ndikwanira kuthetsa zonse zouma zimayambira zokha, ndipo chomeracho sichisowa kukonzanso zina.
Zikanakhala kuti nyengo yachisanu imatha kutuluka ndi chisanu, koma nthawi yomweyo imakhala yozizira, sizingakhale zodabwitsa kukonzera pang'ono peat kapena mchenga ngati mawonekedwe a udzu umenewu pamwamba pa malo omwe akufunsidwa. Komabe, kawirikawiri, cinderbed imamva bwino pamtambo wa chisanu, yomwe, mwa njira, imalimbikitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, pang'onopang'ono ndi kukula kwake, kuponyera fosholo pamalo okula.
Zingakhale zovuta kukula
Chowotchera ndi chomera chotheka kufesa, Choncho, ngati mukufuna kukhala okongola komanso okondweretsa pansi, ndibwino kuti muthe kuyamwa. Ngati mukufuna kubzala mbewu kuti mubwerere, ndiye kuti muyenera kudziŵa kuti mafinya ouma amatha kudula nthawi iliyonse.
Kuonjezera apo, timakumbukiranso kuti ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu yowonjezereka ya dzuwa komanso dzuwa, lomwe lingalole kuti mbeu zanu zikule ndikukula bwino, ndipo sizingakhale zowopsya kapena zolemetsa kwa iwo . Malusowa amadza nthawi, kotero musadandaule ngati muli ndi mavuto poyamba.
Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
Mofanana ndi zomera zambiri zakutchire, chowotchera sichimawombedwa ndi tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Pa matendawa, ngozi yaikulu imayimiridwa ndi bowa zosiyanasiyana, pakati pawo ndi mwendo wakuda wakuda, imvi yovunda ndi powdery mildew iyenera kusankhidwa.
Mavitamini owopsa kwambiri a burnet ndi slugs, sawflies ndi nyerere zomwe zimawononga masamba ndi maluwa, pang'onopang'ono kudya.
Mungathe kuchotsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tanu ndi njira yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe ali ochuluka kwambiri akuyimira m'masitolo ambiri apadera. Kuchiza matenda kumaphatikizapo kudula ziwalo zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi zomera, mpaka kuchotseratu tsinde lonse la nthendayi komanso mankhwala omwe ali ndi fungicide, mwachitsanzo, Bordeaux madzi.
Pofuna kupewa zochitika zoterozo, zomera zako zimagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwezo kuti zithetse vuto lomwe layamba kale, pokhapokha pang'onopang'ono. Izi ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kupewa nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kupopera mbeu pa sprayer panthawi yoyamba ya ndondomeko ya kuyamwa kutaya (pakati pa kasupe). Pofuna kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda a fungal ndi kuonjezera moyo wawo wa alumali, nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa ndi basezol kapena formalin.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwira ntchito ndi mankhwala, onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malamulo onse otetezeka ndipo mumatsatiratu malangizowa m'mawu awo.
Итак, надеемся, что данная статья помогла вам найти всю интересующую вас информацию относительно такого растения, как кровохлёбка. Mosamala komanso mwachikondi muzitha kusamalira malo anu, muzikhala okongola komanso osadabwitsa kuchokera kumaphunziro anu, kuphatikizapo munda, ndipo munda wanu udzasangalatsa banja lanu ndi maonekedwe ake abwino ndi chitonthozo kwa zaka zoposa khumi!
Mayankho ochokera ku intaneti
