Salmonellosis (paratyphoid) ng'ombe

Alimi amakono amakumana ndi mavuto ambiri pakubwera kwa matenda osiyanasiyana pa zinyama zomwe zimakwera m'minda yawo.

Nkhaniyi idzafotokoza chimodzi mwa matenda opatsirana owopsa kwambiri - salmonellosis, ndi mawonetseredwe ake pa matenda a ana a ng'ombe.

Zamkatimu:

• Wothandizira odwala ndi omwe amachititsa matenda
• Maonekedwe ndi zizindikiro
• Fomu yabwino
• Fomu yotsutsana
• Zosatha
• Zosokoneza
• Kusintha kwa pathological
• Njira zolimbana ndi mankhwala
• Maantibayotiki
• Antitoxic seramu
• Katemera ndi kupewa

Kodi matendawa ndi otani?

Salmonellosis a ng'ombe ndi matenda opatsirana, omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso, kuphwanya nthawi zambiri kumasinthidwa. Zizindikiro zowonjezera zimatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya antibacterial, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and disinfectants.

Mukudziwa? Salmonellosis ndi matenda omwe samakhudza anthu okhaokha, komanso ndizoopsa kwa amphaka, agalu, akavalo, nkhumba, nkhuku, komanso nsomba.

Wothandizira odwala ndi omwe amachititsa matenda

Dokotala wodwala matendawa, Salmonella Dublin, ali ndi mabakiteriya a Salmonella, omwe amawoneka ngati ndodo, sangathe kuyamwa mapuloteni a mkaka ndipo amachititsa kuti anthu asamalowe m'thupi mwa munthu kapena nyama. Bakiteriyayi salola kuti dzuwa liwonongeke ndipo imamwalira pakakhala kutentha. Kusungunuka sikukupha tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa. Agulu a salmonellosis amachititsa kuti apitirizebe kusamalira zachilengedwe, makamaka chakudya, kwa nthawi yaitali. Nthawi zambiri amalowa m'thupi la mwana wang'ombe, mwachitsanzo, ndi zakudya kapena madzi owonongeka, nthawi zina kudzera mwa omwa mowa komanso odwala. Komanso nthawi zambiri pakakhala kudyetsa mwana, ng'ombe yaikulu imamupatsa chifuwa cha mkaka (ngati iyeyo ali ndi kachilombo ka salmonella) kapena kudzera mu udzu wodetsedwa.

Ndikofunikira! Salmonellosis ikhoza kupatsirana kuchokera kwa ng'ombe kupita kwa munthu kupyolera mu mkaka, choncho kuyendetsa nkhuku kumalimbikitsa kuti ichitike ndi magolovesi ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi mkaka uyenera kuyesedwa.

Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a ana a ng'ombe ndi matenda omwe ali nawo ndi kulephera kutsata miyezo yoyenera yaukhondo pamalo omwe amasungidwa. Kufufuza kosafunikira kwa ng'ombe asanayambe kubereka, kugwiritsa ntchito kosagwiritsidwa ntchito kosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsa ntchito antibacterial agents (kuphatikizapo popanda kukwaniritsa dongosolo lovomerezeka lovomerezeka), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya asagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala, komanso kuti akhoza kuthana ndi zirombo zina ndi anthu, amathandizanso.

Maonekedwe ndi zizindikiro

Matendawa amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu yosiyana siyana, kusiyana ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa kusintha kwa thupi, kukula kwa chikhalidwe cha nyama, zotsatira zake komanso mankhwala oyenera. Kuti mudziwe zomwe muyenera kuchita mukakhala ndi zizindikiro za matendawa m'mabwalo anu, muyenera choyamba kuphunzira mosamalitsa mitundu yonse ya mawonekedwe ake. Kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zomangira za mwana wa ng'ombe ndi paratyphoid fever

Fomu yabwino

Zizindikiro za mtundu wovuta wa matendawa umachitika panthaŵi yochepa chabe. Zitha kuchitika kuti m'mawa mwana wanu azisonyeza khalidwe labwino, ndipo madzulo adzalandira chithunzi chachikulu cha matendawa, chomwe chidzafuna kulowetsa kwa katswiri.

Werengani zambiri za matenda owopsa a ana a ng'ombe.

Mtundu wa matendawa ukhoza kuchiritsidwa kapena kukhala wathanzi, zimadalira kukula kwa mankhwala, kupambana kwake komanso umunthu wa chirombo. Pano pali mndandanda wa zizindikiro za salmonellosis:

• kutentha kwa thupi;
• kuchepetsa mphamvu ya nyama;
• kusintha kwa khalidwe (kukwiya koopsa kapena, mosiyana, khalani chete);
• kukana kudya ndi kumwa;
• zovuta za mtima (arrhythmias, kuchuluka kwa mtima);
• serous conjunctivitis;
• kulalira;
• Zowonongeka kwambiri ndi zotupa za msuzi ndi magazi kuposa maulendo asanu pa tsiku.

Zikakhala kuti matendawa amapezeka makamaka maonekedwe akuluakulu, patsiku lachitatu mutangoyamba kumene, mavuto a impso angayambirenso m'thupi lachilombo: chiwerengero cha kukodza chimayamba kuwonjezereka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumachepa. Ngati mtundu uwu wa salmonellosis sungachiritsidwe bwino, udzakhala wowopsa kwa mwana wa ng'ombe masiku asanu ndi limodzi.

Phunzirani momwe mungayezere kutentha kwa thupi mu ng'ombe.

Fomu yotsutsana

Amadziwika ndi chitukuko cha zizindikiro, zomwe zimabwereza zizindikiro zonse za mawonekedwe ake, koma nthawi yomweyo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri komanso zopweteka kwa nyama.

Mu njira zambiri, njira yowonongeka ndiyo kukumbukira zosachiritsika, koma sizimakhudza ziwalo za kupuma, ndipo njira zotupa zimatchulidwabe. Mtundu wodwala wa matendawa ukhoza kukhalapo mwa nyama izi nthawi zingapo:

• ngati ng'ombe mwachirengedwe ili ndi chitetezo chabwino kwambiri cha matendawa kwa mabakiteriya;
• ngati bakiteriya amamwa moyenera pang'ono (mabakiteriya osakwana 100,000 pa nthawi);
• ngati mwanayo amapezeka katemera wa salmonellosis, koma inoculation sizinali zokwanira;
• ngati chinyama chili ndi matendawa nthawi yoyamba;
• ngati ng ombe yomwe inabala mwana wang'ombe inali kudwala matendawa panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba.

Maonekedwe osiyana siyana, mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri, amadziwika ndi chizoloŵezi chokhala ndi matenda, chifukwa nthawi zambiri eni nyama, poona kuti nyama sizionetsa zizindikiro zambiri za matendawa, musawapezere mankhwala oyenera. Izi zimayambitsa kupanga mabakiteriya omwe sali ovuta kuchiritsa m'tsogolo.

Zosatha

Mtundu uwu wa matendawa sungapangidwe ngati chinthu chofunikira, chiyenera kukhala choyambidwa ndi chiwombankhanga kapena chiwombankhanga. Chifukwa cha kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyana siyana (chikhalidwe cha mwana wa ng'ombe, chitetezo chake, chithandizo cha mankhwala, etc.), atatha kudwala matendawa, amatha kuchira kapena kusintha kwake kumakhala kovuta.

Mukudziwa? Salmonella poizoni, yomwe imakhudza kwambiri thupi la wodwala, imatchedwa TTSS-1 ndipo imatulutsa kokha ndi mabakiteriya omwe amaphimba m'mimba, ndipo sali m'chimake chake.

Nthawi zina mawonekedwe osapatsirana a matendawa amangotchula kuti bacteriocarrier, popanda mawonetseredwe osiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri zizindikiro zake zimaphatikizapo:

• Matenda ochepa a tsamba la m'mimba;

• kuchotsa ntchentche kuchokera kumphuno, nthawi zambiri ndi chigawo choyera;
• chifuwa chofuula, chofuula, chokhazikika;
• Kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa thupi kwa zizindikiro zazing'ono;
• kufooka, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya nyama;
• kukana chakudya ndi zakumwa;
• kusintha kwa khalidwe (ntchito yochuluka kapena, mosiyana, yanyengerera);
• nthawi zina kuwonjezeka kwa kukula ndi kupweteka kwa ziwalo zazikulu.

Mtundu wambiri wa salmonellosis mu mwana wa ng'ombe ukhoza kukhala chifukwa chake madadi anu onse pa famu, kuphatikizapo nyama zokha, komanso anthu, akhoza kukhala pachiopsezo cha matenda. Pofuna kuthetseratu mwayi wa chitukuko chotero, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite chithandizo molingana ndi malingaliro a veterinarian komanso kuti tisasiye kupereka zofunikira zonse kwa nyama zodwala.

Ndikofunikira! Odwala omwe ali ndi salmonelisis wa ng'ombe pambuyo poyesera njira zambiri zochizira ndizozoloŵera kuphedwa. Nyama ya ng'ombe zoterozo ndizoyenera kudya pambuyo pa chithandizo choyenera cha kutentha.

Zosokoneza

Salmonellosis amatha kupezedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba mwa izi, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza ndi chophweka, ndicho kuyerekezera chikhalidwe chowonekera cha chinyama chomwe chimadziwika bwino ndi matenda omwe amachitidwa. Komabe, sikoyenera kuti tigwiritse ntchito njirayi kwa iwo omwe sanayambe awona nyama ndi salmonellosis, chifukwa cha kugonjera kwake. Kuonjezerapo, njira imeneyi yowunikira nthawi zambiri imabweretsa zolakwika, chifukwa pali matenda ena ambiri a m'mimba omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana. Njira yodalirika yowunikira ndiyo kuyezetsa magazi ndi nyansi za nyama zomwe zili pansi pa ma laboratory pogwiritsa ntchito ELISA, PCR, chromatography, kapena panthawi ya maphunziro a chikhalidwe cha mabakiteriya omwe amabzala pa Petri mbale. Njirayi imakulolani kuthetseratu kuthekera kwa matenda opatsirana komanso kupereka mankhwala oyenera.

Kuonjezera apo, panthawi ya maphunziro a chikhalidwe, ndi kotheka kuyeza mphamvu ya mabakiteriya ku mankhwala osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi ma antibacterial, omwe angathandize kusankha chithandizo chokwanira kwa ana odwala.

Kusintha kwa pathological

Njira yolondola kwambiri yotsimikizirira kuti matendawa ndi ovomerezeka a autopsy ya nyama yomwe yafa panthawi ya matendawa. Kuchita phunziroli ndi kofunika kuti musapatsidwe kachilombo ka zinyama zina kupyolera mu zinthu zapanyumba, malo ogwidwa ndi chakudya ndi womwalirayo.

Ndikofunikira! Ngati matenda a salmonellosis amatsimikiziridwa kuti ali ndi pathoanatomically, ndiye kuti nkofunikira kukonza zinthu zonse zomwe nyama yakufayo yafika nayo, ndi malo ake, ndikuwonanso amayi ake ndi anzake onse omwe adamupeza.

Kawirikawiri pamoto wa salmonellosis, kupunduka ndi kusefukira m'matumbo ndi zinthu zowopsa, makamaka za serous purulent khalidwe, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuti zikhale zowonongeka, komanso kutupa kwa malo am'mimba ndi zitsulo pafupi ndi matumbo. Pa milandu yapamwamba kwambiri, zizindikiro za sepsis zimatchulidwa. Pamene imfa ya matenda osatha, omwe ndi osowa kwambiri, mukhoza kupeza kusintha kwa mapangidwe a mapapo - kukhalapo kwa mapulotechete m'mapapo parenchyma ndi zizindikiro za bronchitis.

Njira zolimbana ndi mankhwala

Musanayambe chithandizo chamankhwala, ana aamuna amatha kusungidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwabwino komanso malo okwanira. Chithandizocho chimakhazikitsa ntchito zingapo nthawi yomweyo - ndiko kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya, kuimika kwa kayendedwe kake ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu, kuchotsedwa kwa matenda oledzeretsa, komanso vuto lachilendo - kubwezeretsa mpweya wabwino. Njira zamakono za matendawa zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza - antibiotics, antitoxic seramu, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo (achibwibwi, antipyretic, antitussive, disinfectants, etc.).

Maantibayotiki

Mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza salmonellosis monga monotherapy, komabe mavuto ena amatha chifukwa cha kutulutsa mbali zina za poizoni ndi mabakiteriya panthawi ya imfa. Pamene ma antibiotics amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi antitoxic seramu, mwayi woti chitukukochi chachepa kwambiri.

Werengani za antibiotics kwa ng'ombe zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano.

Mndandanda wa mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe amathandizidwa kwambiri ndi azimayi odwala matendawa kuti asamalidwe ndi salmonellosis:

• chlorotetracycline hydrochloride. Perekani katatu patsiku, mu / m, mlingo wa 0.02 g pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwake kwa ng'ombe;
• "Sintomitsin". Kumwa, kusakaniza pamodzi ndi mkaka, katatu patsiku, m'mawa pa 0.04 g pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa thupi, komanso kwa zakudya ziwiri zotsalira - pa 0.02 g pa 1 kg wolemera;
• sulphonamides (pokhapokha kuphatikizapo mankhwala ena opha tizilombo). Perekani 4 pa tsiku, mu / m, pa mlingo wa 0.025 g pa 1 kg ya kulemera kwa nyama;
• nitrofurans. Kudyetsa mkaka, katatu patsiku, 0.25 g pa chakudya;
• "Clamoxyl LA". Lowani mosamalitsa kapena mosagwira ntchito, pa mlingo wa millilita imodzi pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya 10 kulemera kwake kwa nyama yodwala;
• "Terramycin LA". Anayambitsa kwambiri intramuscularly, 1 ml pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya kulemera kwake kwa nyama.

Antitoxic seramu

Mankhwalawa amafunika kwambiri kuti athetseretu zizindikiro zauchidakwa, kukhumudwitsa nyama yodwala, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti malo olimbitsa thupi ndi otetezeka pa mankhwala ndi maantibayotiki. Izi zimafunika chifukwa chakuti panthawi ya chiwonongeko cha khungu la mabakiteriya-tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chiwerengero cha poizoni chimalowa m'mimba m'mimba ndiyeno nkulowa m'magazi, zomwe zimawononge moyo wabwino komanso kuwonjezeka kwa zizindikiro za kumwa mowa.

Ndikofunikira! Siriamu yowononga poizoni m'magetsi amakono amakagwiritsidwa ntchito pazovuta zenizeni, popeza kuti mankhwala ake ndi osayenera, ndipo mawu ake oyamba angayambitse zowonongeka.

Sitiroamu ya Antitoxic yomwe imakhala ndi mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala othandizira poizoniwa, imamangiriza, ndipo imachokera pamtunda, ndipo imachokera ku thupi la wodwalayo, popanda kuvulaza. Ndikofunikira kufotokoza seramu kuchokera ku zizindikiro zenizeni za munthu, zomwe zimakhala ndi veterinarian yekha yemwe angathe kudziwa bwinobwino. Inde, ndipo kugula mankhwalawa okha mu mankhwala osamalidwa ndi ziweto sikungapambane - kotsika kwambiri mwayi wowugwiritsa ntchito kuvulaza nyama panthawi yachipatala.

Katemera ndi kupewa

Pofuna kupewa makamaka salmonellosis, katemera osiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito panopa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, pali katemera oyenera kuteteza zinyama zokha, komanso ng ombe.

Mudzidziwe nokha ndi ziweto za katemera.

Monga lamulo, limangogwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera komanso malo omwe alimi omwe sali ovomerezeka ku salmonellosis. Ng'ombe zazikulu zimatemera katemera wa masiku 50 mpaka 60 zisanafike kubwereketsa masiku khumi ndi awiri pa 10 ml pa nthawi yoyamba ndi 15 ml m'chiwiri. Nkhumba zimatemera ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa mankhwala subcutaneously kwa 1-2 masiku a moyo wawo ndi formolkvastsovoy katemera mogwirizana ndi masiku atatu-masiku. Zina mwa njira zomwe zathandiza kupewa chitukuko cha nthendayi, ziyenera kuwonetsa:

• ukhondo m'malo mwa kusunga ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe;
• kuyang'anira nthawi zonse za thanzi lonse;
• kudzipatula kwa nyama zodwala nthawi ya chithandizo;
• Nthawi zonse kufufuza mkaka wa nyama ndi ndowe za mabakiteriya;
• Njira yokwanira yoweta ng'ombe;
• kulenga zakudya zoyenera za ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe, kuphatikizapo kuthekera kwa matenda.

Tsono, tikuyembekeza kuti nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kupeza mayankho onse a mafunso omwe muli nawo pa ana a salmonellosis. Kumbukirani kuti nthawi zina katswiri wodziwa yekha amatha kuyesa bwinobwino zizindikiro zomwe zimakhala zathanzi komanso kuwapatsa chithandizo choyenera.