Catarantus yonyezimira ndi yochititsa chidwi imawoneka ngati chinthu chokongoletsera kunja kwa malo otseguka ndi verandas, mmakonzedwe a malo, komanso ngati chokongoletsera cha nyumba kapena zipinda zanu.
Izi "zoyera, zoyera", zotembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Greek, maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola, amafunikira kusamalidwa kochepa ndipo ali wokonzeka kukondwera ndi kukongola kwawo pafupifupi chaka chonse.
Kufotokozera mwachidule za chomera
Chotsitsa - chimachokera ku udzu wobiriwira ndi zitsamba, banja la Kutrovye. M'chilengedwe chake, zimapezeka ku Cuba, Java, Philippines, Africa, Indochina, ndi Indonesia, koma ndizofala ku Madagascar, kumene quarantus imaimira mitundu yoposa 7 yokongola. Ikhoza kukhala wamkulu monga chomera chosatha monga chikhalidwe cha kunyumba ndi greenhouses komanso chaka chilichonse m'munda.
M'madera otentha, zomera zimatha kufika pamtunda wa mamita 1.5, pamene zitsanzo zapakhomo zikufika 50-60 masentimita.
Tsinde ndi minofu ndipo imayima ndi nthambi pamphepete, ndipo nthawi imafika. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, ndi mtundu wa makungwa, n'zotheka kunena kuti ndi mitundu iti imene idzaphuka, popeza maluwa oyera amapezeka pammera ndi khungu lobiriwira, ndi pinki - anthocyanin. 
Muzu wa cataractus ndi wamphamvu, uli ndi maziko omwe ali ndi mizu yeniyeni yabwino, kukula kwake komwe kungafikire 20-30 masentimita mozama. Mizu ya mizu imaperekedwa mochuluka kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi khalidwe, fungo lapadera. Mizu yaing'ono ndi msuzi, yopanda mizu.
Masamba a duwa ndi ochepa kwambiri, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe aang'ono, masentimita 7. Iwo amajambula mdima wandiweyani wonyezimira komanso mitsempha yoyera pakati pa tsamba.
Kuphulika kwa quarantus ndi kokongola kwambiri. Chomera chonsecho chimadzaza ndi maluwa akuluakulu, 4-5 masentimita awiri, okhala ndi lathyathyathya ndi mapaundi asanu, mtundu umene uli wokongola kwambiri. Zina mwa mitundu yachilengedwe ndi yosakanizidwa ziyenera kuwonetsedwa: chipale chofewa, chofiira chofiira, buluu-lilac, lalanje, maluwa okongola a diso lowala kwambiri.
Nthaŵi ya maluwa ozungulira a quarantus amachokera kumapeto kwa kasupe mpaka pakati pa autumn, pamene chomera chonsecho chimadzazidwa ndi nkhungu wambiri ya olemera maluwa. Pamene nyengo ya kutentha imachepa, maluwa amatha kutalika, ndipo mmalo mwake zipatso zimapangidwira, mkati mwao muli pafupi khumi ndi awiri a mbewu zapangidwe. Mitundu ya pinki ya quarantus panyumba siimapanga mbewu. 
Mtengo wa chomera umatsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera, okhala ndi mitundu pafupifupi 80 ya alkaloid zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa zamankhwala, mu ulimi. Chifukwa cha zinthu izi zimapanga mankhwala othandiza polimbana ndi khansa ya m'magazi, shuga, komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, antispasmodics amphamvu.
Popeza Caratrantus ili ndi ziwerengero zambiri za alkaloid, m'chilengedwe cha nyama zowawa ndi zokoma ndi zaukali, ndikofunika kutenga njira zotetezera pozisunga chomera pakhomo.
Ndikofunikira! Chigawocho chimakhala chakupha, choncho chomeracho sichiyenera kupezeka kwa ana ndi ziweto, ndipo chisamaliro chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magolovesi, kuteteza manja anu ku chifuwa ndi kuledzeretsa.
Kukula mbande kunyumba
Kukula kwa mbeu kumakhala njira yofikira kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira mbewu. Mbewu ingathe kugulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kuzipeza ndi ntchito zawo pakhomo. Izi zimafuna chidwi kwambiri pa kukula kwa duwa nthawi yochepa, ndiko kuti, pamene quarantus sichita pachimake, kuyendetsa kutentha, chinyezi ndi kuwala, zomwe ziyenera kulumikizana ndi nyengo ya chilengedwe. Chotsatira chake, mbewu imatha kupezeka kumayambiriro kwa masika. 
Ubwino wa njira yobzalera mbewu imatchedwa:
- chowoneka chomera chomera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbewu;
- kufulumira kwawo kumera;
- Kubzala mbewu kungakhale nthawi iliyonse;
- mtengo wochepa wa mbewu.
- ndondomeko yovuta;
- kuthekera kwa kulenga zinthu;
- Njira yowonjezera yopezera mbewu mwaulere.
Tsiku lofika
Kuti mukhale ndi carantus pakhomo, amafesedwa masiku 60-70 asanakhale maluwa, chifukwa mungathe kubzala mbewu chaka chonse. Kawirikawiri, kubzala kumayamba ndi kufika kwa kasupe kuti tipezeke pachilimwe. 
Pofuna kukula bwino kwa mbeu ndi kukula kwa mbeu, m'pofunika kupereka kuwala kokwanira kwa maola 8 pa tsiku ndipo, ngati kuli koyenera, gwiritsani ntchito zojambula - fitball.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kugula zinthu zakuthupi ndizofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yogulira ndi kugula, nthawi zina zimatha kumera.
Kuyala matanki ndi nthaka
Chifukwa chodzala malo ochepetsetsa ayenera kukonzekera nthaka. Ziyenera kukhala:
- kukhumba, airy;
- chonde;
- chinyezi chovomerezeka;
- acidity 5.5-5.9 pH;
- ndi ndondomeko yosavuta ya mchere.
Ngati kukonzekera kwa nthaka kumapangidwa mosasunthika, ndiye kofunikira kuyanjana tsamba ndi dothi mofanana, kuwonjezera gawo la mchenga wouma ndi mtsinje pang'ono. Zonsezi zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo, calcined mu uvuni, kapena zothandizidwa ndi njira yapadera kapena yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kuchotsa matenda omwe angatheke ndi tizirombo. Kuonjezera kutaya kwa nthaka, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito perlite ndi vermiculite.
Mmalo mwa gawo lapansi, mungagwiritse ntchito mapiritsi a peat, omwe safuna kukolola chomera. Iwo amathiridwa bwino asanapange mbewu. 
Zovala zapamwamba zidzakuthandizira kupatsa maluwa otalika kwambiri a carantus. Ngati chomera chaka ndi chaka, feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata. Pazinthu izi, zimakhala zovuta kuti zitsitsimutse, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa m'madzi kuti zothirira molingana ndi malangizo pa phukusi. Mungagwiritsenso ntchito kuvala madzi kwa maluwa amkati. Ngati mbewuyo imatha ndipo imakula pakhomo, imadyetsa pang'ono, 2 patsiku, kuchepetsa mlingo wa feteleza ndi theka. Popanda maluwa, kudyetsa kumayimitsidwa palimodzi.
Mukudziwa? Kafukufuku nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi periwinkle, chomeracho chinali choyambirira. M'kupita kwanthawi, akatswiri a zojambula m'mabotolo anakhazikitsa kusiyana kwakukulu ndikudzipatula maluwa a maluwa otenthawa, ndipo kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 18 anayamba kulima pofuna kukongoletsera.
Maluwa okongola a quarantus ayenera kukhala aakulu, chifukwa chomera chikukula mofulumira ndipo chiri ndi mizu yolimba ndipo sikutheka kuteteza ming'oma ya madzi kuchotsa mizu. Kuika maluwa kumachitika pachaka, ndi kukula kwa mphika kumawonjezeka ndi 3-5 masentimita.
Mukamabzala pansi pa mphika, muike masentimita 3-4 masentimita kuti mugwiritse ntchito:
- dothi lowonjezera;
- mawanga;
- chophwanyika mwala wochepa;
- njerwa yosweka
Kukonzekera Mbewu
Nthanga za kusungika kwaokha zimayenera kukonzekera musanayambe kubzala, zomwe zimakonzedwa mwakonzekera tsiku, zomwe zidzakuthandizani kuwonjezereka. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mankhwala oyenera monga Appin ndi Kornevin, Zircon, akuwonjezera chinyezi mu mbewu ndikuyambitsa kukula. 
Kuthetsa matenda kwa tizilombo ndi tizilombo ta fungal kumayambitsidwa pothetsa potassium permanganate ya kufooka kwa mphindi 30. Ndiye, nyembazo zimafalikira pamapukuti a pepala kapena gauze, ziwume kuti ziume.
Kufesa mbewu za mbande
Musanabzala, gawo lapansi ladothi limathamanga kwambiri mpaka kuyembekezera kuti chinyezi chizidziwika bwino. Kenaka, muyenera kupanga zosalala zakuya. Pambuyo pake, yambani kupanga nyemba, kuziyika pansi mpaka 1 cm masentimita ndikuzaza wosanjikiza wa 0,5 masentimita a nthaka. Mtunda wa pakati pa mbeu ukhale wa 1.5-2 masentimita. Kenaka dothi limatsirizidwa ku botolo lazitsulo komanso mopepuka kwambiri.
Mphamvu ndi mbewu pa mbande zimatumizidwa ku wowonjezera kutentha kapena kuyambitsa microclimate zofunika, kuziphimba ndi galasi kapena polyethylene. Ndibwino kuponyera nkhani yamdima pa chidebecho kapena kutumiza kuchipinda popanda kuwala.
Ndikofunikira! Mphamvu ya mmera yomwe imamera mumdima imakula.
Kusamalira kwambiri mbande
Kuti bwino kumera kwa mbande ayenera kutsatira zinthu zingapo, zomwe zikuphatikizapo:
- kuunikira;
- chikhalidwe cha kutentha;
- kuthirira;
- feteleza;
- kusankha
Zigawo zimachitika pamene chomera chilichonse chapeza masamba 4 enieni ndipo chafika pamtunda wa masentimita 7-8. Ndondomekoyi iyenera kuchitika nthawi, popanda kuyembekezera mpaka mizu ikukula kwambiri ndipo chomera chimakula kwambiri. Kugawidwa kwa cataract kumaphatikizapo kudula muzuwo kukhala gawo lachitatu la gawo, zomwe zidzakupatsani mphamvu zowonjezera mmunda ndikuwonetsetsa kukula kwa mizu.Njirayi siidapangidwe ngati mapiritsi a peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbande.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungasamalire kunyumba kwanu.
Ngati akukonzekera kubereka quarantus pakhomo, amalingalira kufunika kwa chomera kuti aunikire bwino, kupatulapo kutentha, kutentha kwachindunji. Choncho, mphika umayikidwa kumadzulo kapena kummawa, koma osati pawindo lawindo, koma pamalo pomwe pali kuwala kokwanira. Ngati kulibe kuyatsa - maluwa adzakhala ochepa, ndipo tsinde lidzakhala lochepa. Pomwe kulibe kuwala, nyali za phytolamps kapena nyali za fulorosenti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimayikidwa patali sichiyandikira kwambiri kuposa 60-70 masentimita, mwinamwake kuyaka kumachitika pamasamba. 
Chipinda chiyenera kutentha, osati poyerekeza ndi + 8 ° C, moyenerera mkatikati mwa 20 ... + 25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chimachitika pakhomo lotseguka kapena pamtunda, komwe ikhoza kukhuta ndi mpweya. Kwa nthawi yopanda maluwa, catarantus imasamutsira m'chipinda choziziritsa ndi kutentha pafupifupi 15 ° C, kumene zomera zidzakhala kutali ndi Kutentha zipangizo zamakono. Malo otere angakhale otentha loggia.
Chomera chotenthachi chimamera bwino kwambiri pa nthawi ya mvula yambiri, mlingo wake sayenera kugwera pansi pa 60%, ndipo ngati izi zidachitika, m'pofunika kupereka zina zowonjezeramo - kuthirira ulimi wothirira. Ndi bwino kupopera madzi pamapope okhaokha, kupeŵa ingress ya chinyezi pa maluwa. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi mu chipinda, muyenera kumangirira chimbudzi kapena chidebe ndi madzi pafupi ndi chimbudzi m'nyengo yozizira, kapena kuika phokoso la maluwa mu poto yophala ndi kukhetsa konyowa.
Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera, osalola mizu kuti iume. Ngati izi zitachitika, chomeracho chidzayankhidwa mwa kupotoza tsamba la masamba. Komabe, siyeneranso kusefukira maluwa mwamphamvu kuti zisawonongeke madzi mumphika ndi madzi a nthaka. Kuthirira m'nyengo yozizira, pamene chomera chikupita, zimachepetsa kwambiri. 
Kusankha malo a maluwa, muyenera kumvetsetsa kusowa kwazithunzi komanso kupeza maulendo a dzuwa, ndipo chomeracho chiyenera kukhala pansi pa denga kuti muteteze mvula ngati ikukula panja. Pansi pa izi, duwa lidzakula ndikukondwera maluwa ake obiriwira.
Kubzala mbande pamalo otseguka
Kulima kumunda, nthawi zambiri amasankha mitundu ya pachaka. Adzasangalala ndi maluwa awo owala kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira sangafunike chisamaliro chapadera. Kutentha kotentha kumakhala kosasamala, koma ndi thermophilic shrub ndipo, posankha malo okuma, muyenera kukumbukira izi. Kubzala pamalo otseguka kumapezeka mmera kumapeto kwa kasupe, nyengo ikayamba kale ndipo nthaka yayamba mokwanira.
Nthawi yabwino
Kulimbitsa nyengo yozizira, pamene mpweya watentha kufika pamtunda wa 20 ° C ndipo palibe kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku - nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobzala quarantus poyera pansi. Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika chakumapeto kwa May, ndi kumadera ozizira, mu June. 
Musanayambe kuyambira, ndikofunikira kusamalira mbande, zomwe, pofika nyengo yotentha, pang'onopang'ono imayamba kuponyedwa m'khonde, ndipo nthawi imakhala yowonjezera mpweya wabwino. Pambuyo pa ulendo wautali wafika pautali wa tsiku, chomeracho chikonzekera kubzala poyera.
Kusankha malo
Pofuna kusankha malo abwino pa bedi lokhala ndi malo ogona, muyenera kusamala kuti:
- akuwongolera mokwanira, koma osati pansi pa kutsogolera mwachindunji kwa dzuwa lotentha;
- zosavuta kupeza mphepo yamkuntho yolimba.
Nthaka m'munda wamaluwa ayenera kukhala:- opepuka, opuma bwino;
- chovomerezeka ku madzi;
- olemera mu zakudya zamchere;
- osakhala acidic;
- ndi ngalande zabwino.
Pafupi ndi malo ogona pa duwa omwe mungathe kupita nawo:
- basamu;
- chipulumutso;
- lobelia;
- periwinkle.
Mukudziwa? Mu mankhwala amtunduwu, anthu a ku Madagascar ndi India amagwiritsira ntchito quarantus ngati mankhwala kuti athetse kupanikizika pochiza matenda a shuga ndi zotupa. Chidziwitso chimenechi chinapezeka kwa asayansi wa ku America ndipo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito makampani opanga mankhwala pambuyo pobwera magulu ochokera ku Philippines, kumene anthu am'deralo anathawa kusowa kwa insulini panthawi ya usilikali podya chomerachi.
Malangizo ndi Gawo
Zisanachitike, ntchito yokonzekera, yomwe imatanthauza:
- kukumba nthaka mu bedi la maluwa kuti ilo likhale lotayirira ndipo mlingo wake wa aeration ndi kupuma kwa oksijeni kumawonjezeka, zomwe zidzatsimikizira kukula ndi kugwira ntchito kwa mizu;
- kuyambitsa zakudya ndi zowonongeka m'nthaka;
- kulenga kayendedwe ka madzi okwera kwambiri, komwe kudzatetezera kuchepa kwa chinyezi ndipo sikudzalola mizu kuvunda. Kuti tichite zimenezi, dothi lopangidwa ndi miyala, miyala yachitsulo kapena miyala yonyamulira imakhala pansi pa dzenje lakuya, kenako mtsinje umadzaza ndi nthaka;
- Kukonzekera mabowo okwera, omwe akulimbikitsidwa kukumbidwa kutali mtunda wa masentimita 30 wina ndi mzake;
- Kuzama kwa dzenje lodzala liyenera kukhala la kukula kotero kuti mizu ya mmera imalowe mosavuta;
- mtunda wa pakati pa mizere ya mizere ikhoza kusungidwa mu 60-70 masentimita.
Tsegulani kusamalira munda
Ndikofunika kuti muzitsatira quarantines pa flowerbed, koma sikudzatenga nthawi yambiri ndipo sizidzabweretsa mavuto. Choyamba, tiyenera kubzala nyemba za nthaka yomwe maluwa adzalidwanso posachedwapa. Izi ziwathandiza kuti athe kusintha mofulumira, ndipo m'tsogolomu, akuluakulu azitha kusamalira moyenera ndi namsongole m'dera lanu.
Pofuna kuthirira mabedi ndi quarantines, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a mvula kapena madzi ofewa, osankhidwa. M'nyengo yotentha, nthawi yotentha, chomeracho chidzafuna chinyezi, chifukwa madzulo mungathe kukonza kusamba kapena kuthirira. Ngati izi zachitika nthawi ina, madzi akutsikira pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumatha kuyatsa pamoto ndi maluwa. Ngati masambawo ayamba kupindika - zomera zimasonyeza kusowa madzi okwanira. Pambuyo popeza chinyezi chofunikanso, masamba a masambawo amawoneka mkati mwa ola limodzi. 
Nkhalango za karantus zimadyetsedwa m'chaka, zimaphatikizapo mchere wambiri kunthaka, ndipo pamene chomera chimayamba kuphuka, chimaphatikizidwa ndi mapangidwe a potaziyamu-phosphorous, omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale maluwa ambiri. Ndondomeko yopanga zakudya zowonjezera zimapezeka masabata awiri onse. Pambuyo pa kutha kwa maluwa, mbewu imayimitsidwa kuti imere.Manyowa opangidwa ndi feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa komanso mopitirira malire, chifukwa nthenda ya chitsamba ikhoza kutenthedwa ndipo izi zimayambitsa imfa yake. Kuti apange feteleza otetezeka mumaphatikizepo nkhuni phulusa mwa mawonekedwe a aqueous solution.
Kuphimba pamwamba pa chitsamba kumapangidwa kuchokera kutalika kwa masentimita 7-10 ngati mukufuna kukula, koma kukula bwino. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa 2-3 nthawi.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungakwirire kumtunda.
Pamene masamba a chikasu akuoneka, kudulira ndikofunika kuti tithandizenso kubwezeretsa mphamvu ya zomera ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu.
Pakati pa mvula yamkuntho ndi kuzizira, chomeracho chikhoza kusowa pogona pansi pa filimuyi monga mawonekedwe a awning, mwinamwake imatha kutaya maluwa ndi masamba ake. 
Mbewu ikatha, imayamba kukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Ngati cararantus yosatha ikamera pamgedi, imakumba ndi mizu ndi nsalu ya dziko lapansi ndipo imatumizidwa ku mphika waukulu. Kenaka, rhizome yomwe imadulidwa ndi nthaka yoyenera ndi kutumiza chomera m'nyengo yozizira mu chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 15 ... + 17 ° C. Pakubwera kasupe, chomeracho chimachokera ku mphika kupita ku malo ake oyambirira.
Qatarantus ikhoza kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri m'munda wanu kapena kukongoletsa chilichonse mkati ndi maluwa okongola komanso okongola. Chomera chotenthachi chimakhala chosasamala mu chisamaliro, chifukwa chomwe chinatchuka. Komabe, ndi bwino kukumbukira za chitetezo cha maluwa awa, kuvala magolovesi pa ntchito ndikuyika chomera pamalo otetezeka.
