Kodi mukufuna kukula mphesa?
Osakayikira kuti ndi mitundu iti yoyamba kubzala?
Kodi mungapezeko zokolola zabwino ndi zochuluka?
Mafunso awa ali ndi yankho labwino kwambiri.
Ndipo dzina la yankho ili ndi zosiyanasiyana "Vodogray".
Powasamalira bwino, tchire la zosiyanasiyanazi sichidzakondwera ndi maonekedwe awo obiriwira, komanso ndi bwino kukolola. Kuwonjezera apo, mbali zonse za kalasiyi zimaganiziridwa.
Mafotokozedwe a mphesa "Vodogray"
Mphesa za mitundu ya Vodogray ndizosakanizidwa pa tebulo la mitundu ya Arcadia ndi ya Kishmishi yomwe inalengedwa ndi wofalitsa V.V. Zagorulko.
"Vodogray" amatanthauza mitundu yapakatikati mphesa ndi kukula, zomwe ziri masiku 120 mpaka 125.
Mitengo ndi yamphamvu, imapsa bwino. Masambawo ndi osakanikirana, otsekedwa asanu.
Masamba ndi aakulu, kulemera kumafikira 1 makilogalamu, mawonekedwe a conical.
Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, pinki ndi mtundu, kulemera kwa 10 g, kukula kwake 34x20mm, oval.
Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo, minofu, yokhala ndi maonekedwe a muscat ndi fungo.
Zokolola zazikulukhola Kutentha kwa mphepo kumakhala kosavuta, kutentha kwachitsulo kumalo osachepera -21 ° C. Vodogray imagonjetsedwa ndi mildew ndi oidium. Sizowonongeka panthawi yopita.
Maluso:
- kukoma kokoma
- zokolola nthawi zonse
- transportability
- kukana fungal matenda
Kuipa:
pafupifupi chisanu kukana
Pazochitika za kubzala mitundu
Zimadziwika kuti mphesa zidzapulumuka nthawi yobzala nthawi zonse m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja. Koma pankhani ya "Vodogray" zosiyanasiyana, chochitikachi chikuchitika bwino m'chaka.
M'maganizo osiyanasiyana mulibe malo otsika kwambiri a kutentha, choncho nthawi yopuma yopuma mitengo idzakhala yovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha chisanu.
Mbeu iliyonse imakola dzenje lake 0.8 x 0.8 x 0.8 mamita. Ndikofunikira kukumba mabowo pasadakhale, kutanthauza kuti, kugwa, kuti dothi likhale lopangidwa.
Ngati, pazifukwa zina, izi sizikanatheka, ndiye kuti malo onse omwe anaikidwa m'manda ayenera kuponderezedwa mosamala. Mukamakumba mabowo 40 cm nthaka kuchokera pamwamba, onetsetsani kuti muzisunga. Dziko lapansili limasakanizidwa ndi humus, phulusa, ndi mwina feteleza zokhazokha ndi kutsanulira mu dzenje lililonse kuti chitsime chirichonse chikhale chodzaza.
Kuchokera pansi, chomwe chaikidwa kale pansi pa dzenje, muyenera kupanga kamtengo kakang'ono, komwe kamera kamayikidwa. Pa cone iyi mizu iyenera kugawa mofanana. Kenaka mu dzenje muyenera kudzaza pansi, chomwe chinali chocheperapo. Koma sikoyenera kudzaza kwathunthu sapling. Pa malo otsala kutalika kwa 5 - 10 cm madzi amathiridwa atangomaliza kukwera.
Thandizo la Vodogray
- Kuthirira
Kuti mphesa zikhale zokolola, mizu yake imakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira. Choncho, tchire cha zomera zimenezi zimakonda zomera kuthirira nthawi zonse.
Panthawi yonse yogwira ntchito, tchire tiyenera kukhala odzaza ndi chinyezi.
Nthawi yoyamba tchire imayenera kuthiriridwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene masamba asanathe. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimafuna mphamvu zambiri kuti zibwezere m'nyengo yozizira. Kuthirira koteroko kudzakhala njira yokha.
Nthawi yotsatira tchire amafunika kuthirira madzi asanakwane maluwa, koma palibe nthawi ina iliyonse, mwinamwake maluwawo amatha.
Pambuyo maluwa atatha, ndipo zipatso zoyamba zaonekera, tchire amafunikanso kutsirira. Mtengo wa ulimi wothirira ndiwo zitsamba 3 - 4 za madzi pa chitsamba chimodzi.
Musanayambe kubisa baka muyenera kuchita madzi otsitsimula ulimi wothirira. Mpukutu wake ndi wawukulu kuposa wamadzi wamba, ndipo zitsamba 4 - 5 za madzi zimapangidwira chitsamba chimodzi. Ngati munabzala mphesa mumzere, ndiye kuti madzi akutsanuliridwa m'mizere. Ngati tchire ndizomwe zimakhala zochepa, ndiye kuti dzenje lozungulira ndi masentimita 30 limapangidwa kuzungulira aliyense wa iwo, ndipo madzi amatsanulira pamenepo.
- Mulching
Kuphimba nsalu ndi chophimba cha bwalo ndi mpweya wa 40-50 masentimita ndi zinthu kuti asunge chinyezi m'nthaka ndikuletsa chitukuko cha namsongole.
Kuwombera koyamba kumachitika mwamsanga mutabzala. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mizu ipulumuke bwino.
Komanso, ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa kangapo pa nyengo, malingana ndi momwe tchire zimakhalira. Mfundozi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito udzu, udzu, masamba ogwa, humus, peat. Tsopano pali zipangizo zambiri zomwe zapangidwira kuti zigwirizane. Choncho, mukhoza kuphimba pansi kuzungulira mbeu ndi chitsamba.
- Kutha
Mitundu yambiri "Vodograi" imakhala ndi chisanu chotsutsa, kotero muyenera kudera nkhaŵa kuti muteteze tchire ku chisanu. Njirayi ikuchitika m'dzinja, isanayambe isanafike chisanu.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya pogona, koma otchuka kwambiri ndi malo okhala pansi ndi polyethylene. M'nthawi yoyamba ndi yachiwiri, mipesa ya chitsamba chilichonse iyenera kugawidwa mofanana, itayikidwa pansi ndi yokhala ndi zingwe zitsulo.
Koma musanagone pansi, muyenera kuyika zinthu zina zotetezera kuti musayanjane ndi nthaka. Pankhani yophimba nthaka yoikidwa mipesa ayenera kugona malo ambiri kuti apange phiri.
Koma ngati chophimba ndi polyethylene, ndiye pamwamba pa mzere wamphesa ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zitsulo zachitsulo zomwe polyethylene imatambasula. Kumbaliyo, imakanikizidwa pansi, ndipo malekezero ayenera kukhala otseguka mpaka kutentha mokwanira. Asanafike kutentha pansipa, zitsirizo ziyenera kutsekedwa.
- Kudulira
Popeza mphesa "Vodograi" ndizolemera kwambiri, izi zikhoza kulemetsa kwambiri mipesa, zomwe zidzasokoneza zotsatira zosiyana siyana. Chotero, mu kugwa iwe ukusowa kuchepetsani mphukira zonse zopatsa zipatso Maso a 4 - 8, kotero kuti katundu pa chitsamba panthawi ya fruiting anali yunifolomu.
- Feteleza
Mbewu zazing'ono za mphesa zaka 3 mpaka 4 za moyo Kudyetsa kwina sikukufunika, popeza organic ndi mineral feteleza zakhala zikulowetsedwa m'dzenje la kubzala.
Akuluakulu, fruiting baka sikuti amangotenga zokha zokha, koma nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Choncho, chaka chilichonse muyenera kupanga mchere feteleza.
Kwa chakudya choyamba ndi chachiwiri, chomwe chimapangidwa asanatsegule chitsamba pambuyo pa chisanu ndi masabata angapo musanayambe maluwa, motero, osakaniza akuwonjezeredwa. Izi osakaniza ndi madzi, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate ndi potaziyamu mchere. 10 g wa madzi ndi 20 g wa superphosphate, 10 g wa saltpeter ndi 5 g wa potaziyamu mchere.
Vuto limodzi la osakaniza ndilokwanira ku chitsamba chimodzi. Musanayambe kusamba, nitrogen sichifunika, tchire amafunika phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Musanayambe tchire m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kupanga potaziyamu mchere. Imawonjezera yozizira hardiness wa zomera.
Manyowa opangidwa ndi feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, monga kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri ndi zitatu. Superphosphate ndi ammonium sulphate nazonso zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku organic feed.
- Chitetezo
Mitundu yambiri "Vodograi" ili ndi miyezo yambiri yotsutsa matenda a fungal, koma Kupewa sikukupweteka.
Phosphorous-containing containing fungicides, komanso mankhwala a Bordeaux (1%), amathandizira bwino mildew ndi oidium. Musanayambe maluwa, tchire amafunika kuchiritsidwa ndi zokonzekera izi, ndipo palibe bowa yomwe imapweteka tsogolo lanu.
