Nthaŵi ya chilimwe ndi nthawi pamene chirichonse chimamasula ndi kununkhiza.
Ndipo chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti mukhoza kuyesa zipatso zamasamba ndi zipatso za malo anu.
Aliyense amakonda kusangalala ndi munda wawo.
Lero tidzakhala tikuyankhula za zosiyanasiyana za Vladimirskaya chitumbuwa.
Chikhalidwechi n'chofala pakati pa wamaluwa.
Vladimirskaya Cherry - kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana kuchokera ku "a" mpaka "z". Zizindikiro zazikulu zabwino ndi zoipa za chikhalidwe
Monga tanenera poyamba, mtundu wa chitumbuwa uwu ndi umodzi mwa akale kwambiri.
Zaka zambiri kuchokera pamene zosiyanazi zafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi cuttings, kotero masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu ya chitumbuwa ichi.
Zipatso za m'kalasizi zimatha kuchokera ku 2.5 gm kuti 3.5 magalamu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti akhoza kukhala osiyana siyana. Maonekedwe awo ndi ozungulira, osungunuka pang'ono pambali. Mphuno ya chipatso ndi yaing'ono komanso yopapatiza.
Khungu la chipatso liri lakuda ndi kufiira tinge, ndipo mnofu ndi maroon, yowuma komanso yowuma. Pa khungu pali madontho akuluakulu.
Kukumana lokoma chitumbuwa ndi chodabwitsa cha acidity.
Mkati mwa chipatso muli mwala wofiira wolemera pafupifupi 0,31 magalamu, bwino bwino wosiyana ndi zamkati.
Tsinde la chitumbuwa limachokera bwino kwambiri, kukula kwake ndi 30-43 mm, osati lakuda. Mapira a chitumbuwa choterewa ali ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: nkhani youma - 16.5%, shuga - 11%, asidi ascorbic - 4.5 mamita / gram pa 100 mamita / gramu, ma asidi opanda - 0.63%.
Mu mitengo yothiridwa, fruiting imayamba kale zaka 2 kapena 3 za chikhalidwe. Kuchokera maluwa mpaka kumapeto kwa zipatso kumatenga pafupifupi 60-65 masiku, iyo imagwera pa mwezi wa July, molingana ndi deta, tikuwona kuti chitumbuwa ndi sing'anga yakucha. Zipatso zipse osati panthaŵi yomweyo. Chikhalidwe amatanthauza munthu wodzichepetsa.
The zipatso za chitumbuwa ndi abwino chirichonse kupanga kupanga jams ndi compotes, pamaso yozizira koopsa ndi kuyanika.
Mtundu wa chitumbuwa limakula ngati chitsamba.
Mzuwu umapanga tchire ndi kutalika kwa mamita 2.3 mpaka 5.1 mamita. Ngati chikhalidwe chabzala, ndiye mitengo yokhayokhayo imapangidwa.
Thunthu lalikulu ndi nthambi zimakhala ngati grey, gome losagwirizana ndi ming'alu yambiri. Korona mu mawonekedwe a bwalo, kwa zaka zambiri, amapeza kufalikira kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri kulira, pali masamba ochepa mkati.
Nthambi zamakono zili pambali ya madigiri 55-60. Nthambi za zaka zapakati pa chaka chimodzi ndi zachikasu zofiirira, pamadansi awo pali silver patina. Mitengo ya mtundu wa cone, yaing'ono kukula.
Mbali yapadera ya masamba ndi zovuta zawo monga mawotchi. Ziri zazing'ono, pafupifupi 80 mm kutalika ndi 40 mm m'kati mwake, siziwala, nsonga ndi lakuthwa, ndipo m'munsi umayamba ngati ovunda. Pamphepete mwazigawo ziwiri, kutalika kwa petiole ndi 12-12 mm, kakang'ono kakang'ono ndi anthocyanin pigmentation, pali zilonda 1-3 pa petioles.
Mu inflorescence iliyonse pali maluwa 5-7, mu mawonekedwe a saucer ndi ogawanika kawiri pamwamba. Zilonda zimalumikizana. Mphungu ndi anthers zili pa mlingo womwewo, chikho chiri mu mawonekedwe a galasi ndi mtundu wa anthocyanin, kutalika kwa pedicle ndi pafupi 25 mm. Zipatso zopitirira 85% zili pa nthambi za pachaka.
Zokolola za zosiyanasiyanazi zimadalira malo omwe zimakula, komanso nyengo. Koma makamaka amapereka zipatso zokwanira pafupifupi 25-30 makilogalamu pamtengo umodzi. Koma m'madera ozizira pangakhale makilogalamu 5 okha.
Kodi chachikulu ndi chiyani? phindu zosiyanasiyana zamatcheri:
- Chinthu choyamba kukumbukira ndi mtundu wokongola wa zipatso zokha, zomwe ziri zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito konsekonse.
- Zambiri zabwino zokolola za zosiyanasiyana.
- Osati kwenikweni akusowa chisamaliro chosokoneza.
- Mkhalidwe wabwino ndi chakuti ambiri wamaluwa amakondwera kwambiri ndi chitumbuwa ichi.
- Zowonjezera za mbeu iyi ndi zokoma za zipatso.
- Mtengo wa Crohn, wokongola kwambiri umene ungapangitse munda wanu kukhala wokongola.
- Komanso, chikhalidwe chabwino nyengo yovuta hardiness.
- Imalekerera kayendetsedwe ka maulendo ataliatali.
Kuipa Vladimir chitumbuwa:
- Amamenyana kwambiri ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a fungal.
- Ali ndi otsika chisanu chotsutsana ndi impso zokwanira.
- Akusowa zina zowonjezera mungu.
Zinthu zazikulu za chisamaliro cha zosiyanasiyana
Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino muyenera kusamalira zomera zanu. Pansipa tikufotokoza kudulira kwa chitumbuwa, kuthirira ndi feteleza zomwe zimafunikira.
Kodi kudulira chitumbuwa ndi chiyani?
Pakati pa ena wamaluwa pali mikangano ngati ayi kapena kudula chitumbuwa. Kwenikweni, iwo sakudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito njirayi bwinobwino. Ambiri a iwo amalakwitsa zomwe zingawononge mtengo.
Koma kudula mtengo kumabweretsa madalitso otsatirawa:
- Chikhalidwe chimapangidwa bwino, korona sichikudya, ndipo mtengo umakula molunjika, osati pambali.
- Kubala kumawonjezeka kangapo.
- Zipatso zimakhala bwino mu kukoma ndi khalidwe.
- Matenda osiyanasiyana amakhudza chikhalidwe chachipatala mochepa.
- Pali chitsitsimutso chochepa cha mtengo, chomwe chimachepetsa ukalamba.
Talingalirani tsatanetsatane wa kudula yamatcheri:
- Pambuyo pa chaka chachiwiri cha moyo wa mtengowo, ntchito yaikulu sikuti imangokhala korona wa chikhalidwe, komanso kuteteza kukula kwa mtengo. Ndikofunika kudula nthambi zina ndikukula mkati mwa korona.
- Pa Vladimir chitumbuwa, chomwe chili ndi mawonekedwe ngati chitsamba, mphukira yayitali kwambiri imachotsedwa.
- Chaka chilichonse m'pofunika kudula nthambi zowuma ndi matenda.
- Pa thunthu, nthawi ndi nthawi, muyenera kusiya nthambi zatsopano zamatabwa, izi zimachitika kuti mukhale ndi korona.
- Mabala atalandira panthawi yocheka osayenera kuchiritsidwa, amachepetsetsa machiritso.
Ndi liti pamene ndibwino kukonzanso:
- Kudulira masika kumakhala kofala kwambiri. Yambani kudulira mitengo, mpaka kutuluka kwa madzi mu nthambi, kumapeto kwa March ndi kumayambiriro kwa April.
- Kudulira kasupe kumachitika pokhapokha pamene chikhalidwe chikula bwino.
- Kudulidwa kwadzinja kumapangidwira zolinga zoyenera.
- Ndipo kudulira kozizira kumatsutsana.
Feteleza kwa chitumbuwa ndi kuthirira chikhalidwe
Mtengo umadyetsedwa ndi feteleza mu kugwa, kuti mukhale ndi wintering.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za zosiyanasiyana yamatcheri "Achinyamata"
Kodi feteleza amapanga chiyani kuti atenge zakudya zowonjezera:
- Ndi bwino kudyetsa mtengo m'dzinja ndi zinthu zina monga: manyowa, utuchi ndi kompositi.
- Ngati mulibe feteleza pamwambapa, ndiye kuti zowonjezera zovuta zowonjezera zomwe ziri zoyenera mitengo ya zipatso ndizoyenera.
- Phosphate ndi fetereza feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito akamakumba nthaka kuzungulira mtengo.
- Phulusa ndi phosphate feteleza ziyenera kutayika nthawi yachisanu.
Kodi mungapange bwanji yamatcheri?
Ena wamaluwa amathirira madzi mbewu, zomwe ndi kulakwitsa kwakukulu. Ndi ulimi wothirira kawirikawiri, nthaka imagwirizanitsidwa, zomwe zimachepetsa mpweya wabwino.
Mpweya wochepa m'nthaka, umakhala woipa kwambiri m'miyambo.
Kuthirira koyamba kumatheka pambuyo pa maluwa a mtengo. Kuthirira kwachiwiri pamene ovary akuyamba kukula. Chachitatu, pamene anali atakololedwa kale kuchokera ku chitumbuwa. Ndipo chachinayi, m'zaka khumi za mwezi wa Oktoba, ndiko kuthirira komaliza kwa chaka.
Pafupipafupi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zidebe 4 kapena 9 pa madzi pa nyengo, malingana ndi msinkhu wa mtengo.
Ndi bwino kukonza mizere yozungulira pafupi ndi chomera cha ulimi wothirira. Pambuyo kukhazikitsa njira yotereyi, kuthirira kumachitika mozungulira kuzungulira mtengo. Kuthira kulikonse kumagwiritsa ntchito malita 14 a madzi.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji yamatcheri m'nyengo yozizira?
Ngakhalenso chitumbuwa chimakhala chosagonjetsedwa ndi nyengo yozizira, imayenera kukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Pochita izi, m'dzinja muyenera kutentha mizu ndi thunthu ku chisanu bwino. Kuti tichite izi, timafunikira chipale chofewa, ndi chivundikiro chapamwamba ndi utuchi kapena udzu. M'pofunikanso kutsuka thunthu la mtengo, kuchoka ku dzuwa, komanso tizirombo zosiyanasiyana.
Kodi mungateteze bwanji kuzilombo?
Mitengo ya Cherry imakopa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana komwe kuli kofunika kuiteteza.
Ganizirani malamulo ofunika kuti muteteze chikhalidwe ichi:
- M'dzinja, pamene mukudulira mitengo yoyenera, m'pofunika kuchotsa nthambi zonse zowononga, ndikuphimba malo odulidwa ndi phula.
- Komanso ndi phokosoli muyenera kuyendetsa malo onse omwe chingamu chikuyenda.
- Nthambi zonse zowulidwa ndi masamba akugwa ziyenera kutenthedwa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisayambe.
- Pambuyo pa chisanu choyamba, thunthu ndi chitsamba cha chitumbuwa chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi 5% urea - uwu ndi feteleza wochuluka womwe umapha tizilombo tonse, tizilombo ndi tizirombo tina.
Zomwe zimabzala chikhalidwe ichi
Kubzala Vladimir chitumbuwa anachita m'dzinja ndi masika.
Pakulima muyenera kusankha malo abwino ndi dzuwa, komanso kusunga malo opepuka.
Malo abwino oti mubzala ndiwo loam kapena dziko lapansi lakuda.
Mukamadzala yamatcheri, m'pofunika kulingalira mtunda pakati pa mbande, zomwe ziyenera kukhala mamita atatu. Chikhalidwe ichi chabzala mu chessboard mtundu wobwera. Penjelo liyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 60 mu kukula. Mbali yaikulu ya nthaka iyenera kusakanizidwa ndi pus, phulusa ndi feteleza.
Musanadzalemo chomera muyenera kuyang'ana mizu yake. Ngati nyembazo zimatengedwa kwa nthawi yaitali, ziyenera kulowetsedwa m'madzi kwa maora asanu. Mutatha kubzala pulasitiki, muyenera kuthira madzi. Ndipo gawo lotsiriza liri nthaka mulching.
