Apricot ndi chipatso ndi mabulosi amitundu, omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'deralo.
M'madera a wamaluwa, ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri. Mtengo wofota ndi wokometsera si weniweni woti usazindikire m'chaka chakumapeto kwa chaka.
Zambiri za chikhalidwe ichi ndi zazikulu kwambiri. Kukula apurikoti m'munda wanu kungatheke munthu aliyense wamaluwa, padzakhala chilakolako.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuyesa mphatso za malo anu atsopano, osatchulapo zolemba zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kusungidwa.
Momwe mungasankhe pa kalasi ya apurikoti komanso kuti musadandaule pa chisankho, tidzakambirana za izo lero. Mitengo ya mtengo uwu imakonda kudya chirichonse.
Zofiira zofiira za apricot zosiyana za chikhalidwe ichi
Zipatso za apurikoti izi ndi zosiyana zokoma zokomazomwe zimakhudza mbiri yake. Kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi amodzi ndi pafupifupi magalamu 50, mkati mwake muli fupa, lomwe liri bwino kwambiri losiyana ndi zamkati, kulemera kwake kumatenga pafupifupi 6.2% ya mulu wonse wa mabulosi.
Maonekedwe awo ndi ozungulira ngakhale ovoid, koma osakanikizidwa mbali iliyonse. Ili ndi mtundu wa lalanje wokhala ndi ubweya waung'ono womwe umawoneka wokongola kwambiri, ndipo thupi ndi lowala pang'ono kuposa lalanje. Khungu la Apricot ndi loyera, osati lakuda. Mitunduyi ili ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: zolimba 13.6%, shuga 9.8%, asidi 1.36%.
Nthenda ya kucha ya mtundu uwu ndiyomwe, zipatso zoyamba zingayesedwe kwa 3-4 chaka mutabzala mmera. Sakusowa zina zowonjezera mungu, chifukwa ndi mtengo wokhawokha. Kusasitsa kwathunthu kumapezeka zaka khumi ndi zitatu za July. Zokolola za mtengo uwu ndi makilogalamu 100 pachaka.
Mtengo uli wautali wamkati. Kuyala korona, kuzungulira. Masamba obiriwira. Zipatso zotsitsimula, nthambi zamaluwa ndi chaka chatha kukula.
Maluso masaya ofiira apricoti:
- Zipatso zili ndi zokoma.
- zipatso zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito.
- Iwo ali ndi nyengo yozizira hardiness.
- osati zovuta ku nthaka zosiyanasiyana.
- zimalola nyengo zowuma m'nyengo ya chilimwe.
- ali ndi zokolola zambiri, amabala zipatso chaka chilichonse.
- kulekerera matenda osiyanasiyana fungal.
- ali ndi kuyenda bwino.
- Mitundu imeneyi ndi yokhazikika.
Kuti zovuta Zosiyanasiyanazi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Ngati sizingatheke kusamalira mtengo, chaka chilichonse chaka chokolola chidzakhala chochepa ndipo zipatsozo zidzakhala zochepa.
- Wood salola chinyezi bwino kwambiri.
Melitopol oyambirira apurikoti - zazikulu makhalidwe
Mitengo ya chikhalidwe ichi ndi pafupifupi 35-40 magalamu. Maonekedwe awo ndi oval, ophatikizidwa pang'ono pambali. Kukoma kwa apurikoti okoma, osakhala wowawasa.
Mtundu wa chipatsocho ndi wachikasu-lalanje, wokhala ndi ubweya wofiira kwambiri komanso wazing'ono.
Mtundu wa zamkati ndi lalanje, zamkati pawokha sizitulutsa, zowutsa mudyo ndipo zimakhala ndi kukoma kwa vinyo wotsekemera.
Mkatimo muli fupa, laling'ono, lomwe limakhala losiyana kwambiri ndi zamkati. Mitengo ya mtengo uwu imagwiritsidwanso ntchito katsopano, komanso mosiyanasiyana. Khungu la chipatso ndi lochepa thupi komanso losauka.
Mawu akuti kusasitsa kwa mitunduyi ndi oyambirira, mukhoza kuyesa zipatso zoyamba kwa zaka 4-5 mutabzala mmera. Sakusowa zina zowonjezera mungu, chifukwa ndi mtengo wokhawokha. Kusakaniza kwathunthu kumachitika m'zaka khumi ndi ziwiri za July. Zokolola za mtengo uwu ndi 55 c / ha pachaka.
Kutalika kwa mtengo wamkulu kumafika 5-6m. Korona wa mtengo ndi wautali wofiirira, wokhala ndi piramidi yoyenderera. Kuberekera kumachitika chifukwa cha zobiriwira zobiriwira. Masamba a mtengo ndi obiriwira, aang'ono, kukula, ndi ovunda pansi.
Kuti makhalidwe abwino Zoterezi zingakhalepo:
- Mtundu wabwino ndi kukoma kwa chipatso cha zosiyanasiyana.
- Zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira iliyonse.
- Izi zosiyanasiyana zimalolera chisanu chisanu.
- Melitopol apricot ndi ya oyambirira mitundu yakucha.
- Mukasamalira bwino mbewu, zimakupatsani zokolola zambiri.
- Amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yodzibala.
- Osati matenda osiyanasiyana fungal.
- Ubwino ndikuti zipatsozo zimakhala ndi khungu lochepa.
- Imalekerera nthaka yowonongeka kwambiri.
Makhalidwe oipa ndi awa:
- Zipatso za mtengo uwu sizoyenera kuyenda, kupatula kuti mu mawonekedwe aang'ono.
Polesia yaikulu-fruited apricot zosiyanasiyana - zake zazikulu makhalidwe
Zipatso za apurikotizi zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma. Kulemera kwa mabulosi amodzi ndi pafupifupi magalamu 55, mkati mwake muli fupa, lomwe liri bwino kwambiri losiyana ndi zamkati, lili ndi kukula kwake. Maonekedwe awo ndi ozungulira ngakhale ovoid, koma osakanikizidwa mbali iliyonse.
Ili ndi mtundu wa lalanje wokhala ndi ubweya waung'ono womwe umawoneka wokongola kwambiri, ndipo thupi liri lachikasu, lowawa komanso lopweteka pang'ono. Mapuloteni a apricot ndi ochepa kwambiri, osati obiriwira. Mitunduyi ili ndi zigawo zotsatirazi: zolimba 16.5%, shuga 12%, asidi 2.36%.
Nthenda ya kucha ya mtundu uwu ndiyomwe, zipatso zoyamba zingayesedwe kwa zaka 3-4 mutabzala. Nthawi ya maluwa imapezeka kumapeto kwa May.
Amafuna zina zowonjezera mungu m'magulumitundu monga Khabarovsk ndi Amur ndi yoyenera monga mungu wolima mungu. Kukhwima kwakukulu kumagwa zaka khumi zapitazo za July kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August. Zokolola za mtengo umenewu ndi zokwana 112 makilogalamu pachaka.
Mtengo wamphamvu. Korona ikufalikira, kuzungulirana. The shtamb si wandiweyani. Makungwa a mtengo amadzaza ndi ma tubercles ang'onoang'ono.
Maluwawo ndi aakulu, ofiira, okonzedwa mu zidutswa zitatu. Masamba ndi ofiira, otsika kwambiri, osakanikirana ndi osapsa. Maluwa mu inflorescence ndi pinkish, woboola pakati. Zipatso zotsitsimula, nthambi zamaluwa ndi chaka chatha kukula.
Kuti makhalidwe abwino Zosiyanasiyanazi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Ubwino ndikuti chikhalidwe chili ndi zipatso zazikulu.
- Zipatso zili ndi ulaliki wabwino.
- Mu nyengo yoipa, zipatso sizimasokoneza.
- Mitundu imeneyi imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a fungal.
- Imalekerera nyengo yamvula ndi youma nyengoyi.
- Chikhalidwe chimapereka zokolola zazikulu.
- Zipatso zili ndi transportability yabwino.
- Maluwa a mtengo ndi kugonjetsedwa pang'ono pang'ono kasupe frosts.
- Chikhalidwe chimapirira nyengo yozizira frosts.
- Apricots akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano komanso mosiyanasiyana.
- Amagwiritsa ntchito sukulu ya mtundu wolimba.
Imodzi mwa zovuta za mtundu uwu wa apricot ndi yakuti muzaka zina, pali kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, zipatso zimakhudzidwa ndi zida zakuda, kuti zisachitike izi, ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi fungicides. Ndiponso mfundo yakuti mtengo uli wokha wokhawokha umatanthauza kuchepetsedwa kwa izi zosiyanasiyana.
Kodi ndi tsiku liti lachikumbutso la Kuibyshev losiyana ndi apricoti?
Zipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi mitundu yomwe ili pamwambapa ndipo kulemera kwa mabulosi amodzi kuli 25 magalamu.
Pezani mawonekedwe ozungulira osati oblate. Tsinde la mabulosi sizitali, limachokera bwino. Pakati pali fupa, laling'ono, laling'ono.
Mtundu wa chipatso ndi wamba wa lalanje, pambali ya dzuwa kamphindi kakang'ono kamapangidwa. Palibe zigawo zosanthana pa chipatso. Zipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyanazi zili ndi khungu lochepa kwambiri, ndi zamkati ndi lalanje, pali pang'ono. Idyani zipatso zabwino zowawa, zipatso zamadzi. Kalasi iyi ya apricot ili ndi: zolimba 12.6%, shuga 8.9%.
Nthawi ya kusamba kwa mitundu imeneyi ndiyomweyi, zipatso zoyamba zikhoza kulawa kwa zaka 4 mutabzala mmera. Nthawi ya maluwa imapezeka kumayambiriro kwa May.
Zipatso zikhoza kuchotsedwa kumapeto kwa July, mbewuyo iyenera kuchotsedwa ku mtengo watsopano. Akusowa zina zowonjezera mungu. Mitundu ngati Samara ndi yachinyama idzakhala yoyenera monga zowonjezeretsa mungu. Zokolola za mtengo uwu m'chaka chachisanu ndi chiwiri cha moyo ndi 15 makilogalamu, ndipo kwa zaka 13 zamoyo ndi 45-50 kg.
Mtengo wa kukula ukufika pafupifupi mamita 6. Mpando wachifumu ndi wosawerengeka, wambiri-pyramidal. The shtamb si wandiweyani. Makungwa a mtengowo amakhala ochepa, ofiira ndi mtundu wambiri wa imvi. Masambawa ndi obiriwira, omwe ndi aakulu, omwe amawonekera pamwamba. Maluwa mu inflorescence ndi pinkish, woboola pakati. Zipatso pa zovuta ndi maluwa nthambi.
Kuti kuphatikiza Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kalasiyi ili ndi ntchito iliyonse.
- Kufotokozera ndi khalidwe la zipatso zapamwamba kwambiri.
- Pali kuthekera kwa kayendetsedwe pamtunda wautali, sizimakhudza dziko la chipatso.
- Iwo kulekerera yozizira frosts bwino.
- Chikhalidwe chimagonjetsedwa ndi makungwa a subsidence.
- Osati zoipa zimapereka nyengo zowuma m'chilimwe.
- Mtengowu umatsutsa bwino matenda a fungal.
Kuti chiwonongeko Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Zipatso za apurikoti ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamtengo wosavuta.
- Kupeza mbewu zabwino kumafuna mitundu yambiri ya pollinator.
- M'zaka zamvula, zipatso zimatha kupezeka moniliosis.
Apanasi Apricot Kusiyana: Ndi Chiyani?
Zipatso za izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zazikulu, pafupifupi 50 gm. Iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe osasinthasintha, omwe pamwamba pake ali ndi ma tubercles. Tsinde la mabulosi sizitali, limachokera bwino.
Pakati pali fupa kakang'ono. Mtundu wa chipatsocho ndi wachikasu, wopanda chosowa chilichonse. Zipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ili ndi khungu lochepa kwambiri, thupi ndi lowala lalanje, palinso pang'ono. Kula ndi kokoma, zipatso zimakhala zowutsa.
Nthawi ya kusamba kwa mitundu imeneyi ndiyomweyi, zipatso zoyamba zikhoza kulawa m'chaka chachinayi mutabzala mmera. Nthawi ya maluwa imayamba kugwa pakati pa May.
Zipatso zikhoza kuchotsedwa ku mtengo pakati pa mwezi wa July, zokolola ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamtengo pa nthawi, monga zipatso zambiri zowonjezera. Sakusowa zina zowonjezera mungu, chifukwa ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera. Zokolola za mtengo wamkulu zimakwanitsa makilogalamu 145.
Mtengo wamkati wokwera. Korona si wandiweyani, wapangidwe mawonekedwe, ndikofunikira kukonzera nthambi. Masamba ndi ofiira, aakulu. Maluwa mu inflorescence woyera-pinkish, woboola pakati. Zipatso mu zipatso zambiri nthambi.
Kuti phindu Zosiyanasiyanazi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:
- Mankhwala a apanaphilo osiyanasiyana ali ndi zokolola zambiri.
- Zipatso zili zoyenera kudya, kuzizira komanso kuzizira.
- Chikhalidwe chimakhala chotsutsana bwino ndi matenda a fungal.
- Iwo kulekerera yozizira frosts.
- Mananasi ndi zipatso zabwino kwambiri.
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yachonde ndipo safuna zina zowonjezera mungu.
Kuti zovuta Apanapple apricot ndi awa:
- Ndikofunika kuyang'anira kucha kwa zipatso, mwinamwake pamene mukugwedeza, chipatsocho chimachotsedwa kwambiri pamtengo.
Fotokozani mwachidule mbali zonse za kusamalira mitengo ya apurikoti.
Kusamalira mitengo kumaphatikizapo ntchito zotsatirazi: Kudulira ndi kuthirira mbewu, ndi feteleza ati omwe amafunikira, momwe angatetezere mbewu kuchokera ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga, komanso momwe tingapulumutsire ku chisanu.
Fotokozani za mfundo zina zowononga apurikoti
Onse wamaluwa amadziwa kuti apurikoti ndi wachikondi komanso wokonda zachikhalidwe. Mitengo imeneyi imatha kukula mofulumira, makamaka mitengo yaing'ono, kotero muyenera kuyendetsa korona. Ntchito yaikulu yokolola mbewuzi ndi kudulira pachaka nthambi, kuti pakhale mafunde amphamvu ndi aakulu.
Timafotokoza zazing'ono zokopa pa nthawi iliyonse ya chaka:
- Ambiri amaluwa amakhulupirira kuti kudulira m'nyengo yozizira ndi bwino, koma si. Izi zimapangidwa bwino pamene kutentha kwa mpweya sikutsika pansi pa 5 ° C. Panthawi yamtendere, mabalawo amachiza mofulumira, ndipo isanayambe kusamba, mtengo umabwezeretsedwa. Ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mtengo udzakhala wofooka kwambiri, umene si wabwino kwambiri.
- Ndalama zam'chilimwe zimapangidwa bwino mu August.
- Kudulidwa kwadzinja kumafunika kukonzekera mtengo nthawi yachisanu.
- Kudulira mitengo kumapangidwira kuti kudula nthambi kuonongeka ndi chisanu cha chisanu, komanso kuwononga pang'ono korona wa mtengo.
Kuthirira mitengo ya apurikoti
Chikhalidwe ichi ndi chachikulu kwambiri ndikofunika kupereka madzi. Zimadziwika kuti mitengo ya apricot imalola kuti chilala chikhale bwino kwambiri, koma izi zimafunikira kuthirira madzi.
Kwa madera akumidzi kumidzi yabwino yoyenera ulimi wothirira. Kuthirira koyamba kumachitika mwina musanayambe maluwa kapena maluwa. Kuthira kwachiwiri, pamene mphukira imayamba kukula mwamphamvu. Kuthirira kwachitatu ndi masiku khumi kuti chipatso chipse. Kuthirira kwadothi kotere kwa nthaka kumapangidwa kumapeto kwa autumn, chifukwa cha bwino overwintering.
Ndi feteleza ati omwe ali oyenerera mbewuyi?
Mukamabzala mitengo ya zipatso muyenera kumera. Dzenje likukonzekera kugwa, kugona tulo pansi pa masentimita 10 a mchenga kapena mchenga wouma. Kenako amagona tulo tokhala ndi nthaka yokoma.
Pakuti 2-3 chilimwe apricots Gwiritsani ntchito kasupe wa nkhuku manyowa ndi kopmostom kapena peat.
Mu autumn, mitengo imeneyi amadyetsedwa ndi organic feteleza.
Ndipo mitengo imakula kwambiri kuposa zaka 4-5 za moyo, zitsamba zamkuku zamadzi sizimabweretsedwe mu kasupe, koma m'dzinja.
Kodi ndondomeko zotani kuteteza mitengo ku matenda, tizirombo ndi chisanu?
Mitengo ya apricot ikhoza kuwononga tizilombo ngati njenjete, masamba, masamba aphid. Kulimbana ndi tizirombozi tithandizire njira zothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mukhoza kuwagula pamsika, komanso kudziphika nokha.
Aliyense amadziwa kuti ngati mtengo uli ndi matenda a fungal, zotsatira zake zimachepa. Choopsa kwambiri mwa iwo ndi monilioz, klyasterosporiosis ndi malo a bulauni. Koma zimadziwika kuti ndi bwino kupewa matendawa kusiyana ndi kuchiza. Mabala osiyanasiyana ndi kuvulala amapangidwa ndipadera. Komanso chikhalidwe ndi chofunikira kutsuka zamkuwa zomwe zili ndi zokonzekera.
Njira zothandiza kuteteza mtengo ku chisanu cha chisanu sizinali zofunikira. Kuphimba ndi kuika chikhalidwecho sikoyenera. Mu nthawi ya thaw, ndikofunika kuti tisiye chipale chofewa pamtengo.
Chidule cha kubzala kwa Apricot
Chifukwa chodzala chikhalidwechi musankhe malo amdima. Simukuyenera kusankha malo pafupi ndi nyumba, imafuna malo ambiri. Mbande zimabzalidwa patali pafupi mamita asanu ndi limodzi kuchokera pa mzake. Kuti mbande zikhazikike, zimayikidwa m'madzi kwa maola 24 musanadzalemo.
Ganizirani zomwe zimachitika pomera apricoti:
- M'dzinja, njirayi ikuyamba mwezi wa October. Pochita izi, konzekerani dzenje masiku 14 musanadzale, kusakaniza nthaka ndi feteleza. Miyeso ya dzenje iyenera kukhala 50 masentimita ndi 70 cm. Nthawiyi idzakupatsani mpata wokonzera pansi mu dzenje, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zowonjezereka kuti aziika anawo.
- M'chaka, kubzala kumachitika nyengo isanayambe nyengo, koma maenje adakonzedweratu kugwa, ndipo feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'nyengo yozizira, dziko lapansi limagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse zofunika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhalidwe chikhale chitukuko.
