Ndife ochepa omwe tawona raspberries ofiira m'maso mwathu. Koma pali zipatso zakuda. Ndipo izi ndi rasipiberi.
Mitundu ya rasipiberi imeneyi ndi yosangalatsa monga oimira "mwambo". Mitambo ya rasipiberi yakuda siidziwika bwino, popeza kutchulidwa kwa zipatso zakuda, ambiri amakhala ndi zibwenzi ndi mabulosi akuda.
Raspberries amaonedwa kuti ndi ofiira kapena zipatso zachikasu. Ndipotu, mtundu wa rasipiberi chipatso ukhoza kukhala wosiyana kwambiri - woyera ndi wachikasu wolemera wakuda.
Mabulosi akuda samachotsedwa mosavuta pamene akusonkhanitsa. Ichi ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zakuda zakuda ndi mabulosi akuda.
Raspiberi wakuda ndi wathanzi kwambiri chifukwa cha mavitamini ndi mankhwala. Zipatsozi zili ndi zinthu zothandiza ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuposa wamba raspberries ndi mabulosi akuda.
Mavitamini C, PP, gulu B, komanso carotene ndi pectin zomwe zimapezeka mu zipatsozi ndizowala usiku. Kuonjezerapo, kupyolera mukumwa kwa rasipiberi wakuda, mukhoza kukhuta thupi lanu ndi chitsulo, mkuwa ndi manganese.
Kawirikawiri, nsomba zakuda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga kupanikizana ndi kupanikizana, chifukwa zopangidwa kuchokera ku zakuda zakuda zakuda zimakhala zofanana ndi chifuwa chowoneka ngati raspberries wofiira. Komanso, rasipiberi wakuda jam ndiwothandiza kutenga chifukwa cha chibadwa chotsutsa-sclerotic zotsatira za mankhwalawa.
Raspiberi wakuda amathandiza kuti kuthetsa kolesterolini ku thupi, komanso kumachepetsa mafuta kuti asatse mitsempha ya magazi, yomwe ingachepetse kupanikizika. Posachedwapa, asayansi akupeza kuti wakupiberi wakuda kumathandiza kuchotsa radionuclides kuchokera mu thupi la munthu bwino kuposa mabulosi akuda ndi black currants.
Zokolola za rasipiberi wakuda ndi zazikulu kuposa za zofiira. Ndichisamaliro choyenera komanso panthaŵi yake, yoyenera kudulidwa masika, 10 maburashi amasungidwa pa mphukira iliyonse, iliyonse yomwe imapanga 10-15 zipatso. Kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi mukhoza kupeza kuchokera 4 makilogalamu atsopano wakuda raspberries.
Black rasipiberi yamkati-zitsamba ndi zosatha. Mitengoyi imapangidwa chaka ndi chaka komanso mphukira zabwino, zomwe zimaoneka ngati mchere, ndipo zimafika kutalika kwa mamita 2.5. Tsinde lililonse limaphimbidwa ndi spikes, lomwe siliyenera kuiwalika.
Mizu imakumba pansi mozama pafupifupi 1.5 mamita. Mu 30-40 masentimita apamwamba, mizu imaganizira kwambiri.
Pa mphukira za pachaka pali patina wa imvi kapena mtundu wa lilac, ndipo mphukira za biennial ndizofiira. Mapangidwe a masamba ndi ovuta, ndi osamvetseka. Young mphukira amapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba kumunsi kwa biennial zimayambira. Maluwa amayamba pakati pa mwezi wa June. Maluwa a tchire wakuda rasipiberi ndi ochepa, mungu wochokera ndi njuchi.
Rasipiberi yakuda imalowa mu fruiting mu August - September.
Zipatso zakuda rasipiberi - zovuta zipatso zamwala, kuzungulira, kukula kwake. Poyamba, zipatsozo zimakhala zofiira, koma nthawi yomwe zatha zimakhala zakuda.
Pamwamba pa rasipiberidi wakuda pali patina wa imvi, khungu limanyezimira, mawonekedwe a chipatso ndi owopsa. Kukoma ndi kokoma, pali kukoma kwa mabulosi akuda.
Black raspberries ikhoza kupachika pa mphukira kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo siidagwa.
Rasipiberi imeneyi imatha kulimbana ndi chilala chachikulu kuposa "mlongo" wake - rasipiberi wofiira, koma amayima kutentha.
Koma obereketsa atha kale kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya rasipiberi wakuda, yomwe imatha kupirira dontho la kutentha kufika -30 ° C.
Black rasipiberi ali bwino kwambiri chitetezo chokwanira chitetezo ku matenda osiyanasiyana a chikhalidwe. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitimakhudza tchire.
Kubzala wakuda rasipiberi baka
Pansi pa rasipiberi yakuda mumayenera kusankha malo omwe kuwala kwakukulu kumawunikira masana ndipo mphepo sichiyenda "."
Madzi a pansi pano sayenera kukhala pamwamba pa 1.5 mamita, chifukwa chinyezi champhamvu kwambiri chingayambe kuwononga rasipiberi tchire. Ndizosatheka kudzala raspberries kumene tomato, mbatata ndi zomera zina zowonjezereka zimakula.
Mphindi yoyenera kwambiri chifukwa choponya rasipiberi mbande ndikumayambiriro kasupe, popeza mu zipatso zosiyanasiyana nyengo ikukula kumayambiriro.
Pakati pa tchire lapafupi muyenera kuchita nthawi ya 0.6 - 0.8 mamita, ndipo malowa ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 1.5 - 2 mamita. Muyenera kubzala baka mu dzenje ndi masentimita 30 - 35 cm, ndi kupitirira 40-50 cm.
Raspiberi wakuda sumafuna dothi, koma nthaka yokhala ndi mchenga ndi nthaka yokongola ndi yabwino kwambiri. Ngati pa chiwembu chanu muli malo ambiri a nthaka, ndiye kuti mutabzala dzenje muyenera kubereka.
Muyenera kupanga humus kapena kompositi mu kuchuluka kwa theka la chidebe phando lililonse. Ndiponso, 200 g ya superphosphate ndi 70-80 g ya sulfate ya potaziyamu iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chitsime chilichonse.
Mmalo mwa mchere wamchere wothira, phulusa la nkhuni wamba lingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mu dzenje limodzi muyenera kuwonjezera 500 g wa nkhaniyi.
Pangani zojambulazo ndi malo osanjikiza a nthaka. Pochita izi, mukakumba dzenje, dothi lalikulu la 20 cm liyenera kusungidwa, lomwe liyenera kusakanizidwa ndi feteleza mtsogolo.
Mutabzala, mbeu iliyonse iyenera kuthiriridwa bwino, ndipo nthaka yozungulira iyenera kukhala yokutidwa ndi mchere wothira mafuta - peat, manyowa, zowonongeka, udzu wodulidwa kapena udzu.
Kusamalira black currant kumafuna kuchepa. Black rasipiberi madzi amafunika, pamene imakula ndikukankhira mphukira zachangu mofulumira kwambiri.
Ngati chomeracho chikusowa, zokololazo zidzakhala zochepa, zipatso zidzauma, ndipo mphukira zazing'ono zidzakhala zofooka. Pankhani ya nyengo youma komanso kutentha sungakhoze kumvetsa chisoni madzi akuda a raspberries.
Kuti wolemera zokolola wakuda raspberries, ayenera bwino anapanga baka. Mphukira zapachaka zimakula mpaka mamita 2.4 mpaka 2.5, kotero ziyenera kufupikitsidwa kufika 2.1 - 2.3 mamita kuti zisafike patsogolo. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kumapeto kwa June.
Mukamaliza nsonga za mphukirazi, zimayambira zimayamba kuphulika, ndipo zotsatira zake, mphukira 6 - 10 zotsatizana zimapanga kutalika kwa mphukira yapakati. Simungachedwe ndi ndondomekoyi, chifukwa posakhalitsa mukufupikitsa mphukirazi, msanga nthambizo zimakula, zomwe zidzakhala ndi nthawi yopanga chisanu.
Nthawi yachiwiri kudula tchizi lakuda tomwe timakhala tikupita kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, panthawi yomwe mutha kuchotsa mphukira za zaka ziwiri, zomwe zinali zipatso. Njirayi iyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa November, pamene mbewu yayamba kugona m'nyengo yozizira, koma kutentha sikunakhazikitsidwe panja.
Ngati pali chisanu usiku, ndipo musadulire tchire nthawi, zimayambira zimakhala zowonongeka, kuzizira ndi kuswa. Panthawiyi, nthambi zowonjezera zimatha kufika mamita 1-2.
Mapesi onse amtunduwu ayenera kudula kutalika kwa 30 - 50 cm Pa mtengo umodzi mukhoza kusiya zosapitilira 10 mpaka 12 za mphukira zazikulu kwambiri, zamphamvu kwambiri komanso zathanzi. Ena onse ayenera kudula pafupi ndi nthaka.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pamene chisanu chiyamba kubisala, ndipo kutentha kwa kunja sikudzakhalanso kochepa kwambiri, mudzafunika chotsani awo akuwomberazomwe mwazifukwa zina zawonongeka m'nyengo yozizira. Pa nthawi yomweyo, tchire amafunika kumangiriza ku trellis.
Kuti tchire tilumikize bwino, iwo amafunikira kupereka mphamvu yowonjezera yambiri ngati mawonekedwe. Waukulu fetereza wa wakuda rasipiberi amaonedwa ngati mullein kapena zitosi za mbalame kulowetsedwa.
Kudyetsa kungakhoze kuchitidwa payekha. Kuti muchite izi, sungani mullein ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 7, kapena gwiritsani ntchito zitosi za mbalame mmalo mwa mullein.
Pachifukwa chachiŵiri, madzi amafunikira nthawi 18 kuposa zinyalala.
Komanso, yankho liyenera kuwonjezeredwa superphosphate (50 g pa 10 l) ndi phulusa (1 l pa 10 l).
Nthawi yoyamba muyenera kuthirira manyowa mutatha tchire ottsvetut, ndipo maluwawo amatha msanga. Kudyetsa kachiwiri kumachitika pa nthawi ya kukula kwa zipatso, ndiko kuti, polemera ndi madzi. Ndipo kachitatu, tchidyetserako tchire mutatha kukolola.
Raspiberi wakuda si zokoma kudya, komanso amapindulitsa kukula. Pambuyo pake, mumangogula zodabwitsa, poyamba, zipatso.
