Clematis amatha kudabwa komanso kusangalatsa anthu onse omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira, ma inflorescences okongola, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mithunzi yodabwitsa, fungo losasunthika. Mzinda wa subtropics umakhala wabwino kwambiri ku Ulaya ndipo uli ndi mitundu yoposa 300. Maluwa ozizwitsa akhoza, monga udzu, kukongoletsa udzu wanu, kuveketsa gazebo ndi mtengo wa mpesa kapena mtengo wokula pa khonde. Clematis adzakusangalatsani ndi maluwa ake 3-4 miyezi.
Mukudziwa? Agiriki akale ankatcha chomera chilichonse - "Clem." Kuchokera ku mawu awa dzina la clematis limabwera. Ena mwa mayina otchuka amadziwika - warthog, clematis, agogo aamuna, ndi zina zotero.
Clematis, kufotokoza maluwa
Clematis ndi otchuka - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya clematis ndi zithunzi ndi zofotokozedwa zitha kupezeka pa malo apadera komanso mu zofalitsa zamaphunziro. Chomera chosatha cha banja la buttercups chimaperekedwa mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya moyo (udzu amawombera 30-40 masentimita pamwamba, zitsamba ndi zitsamba zosakwana (140 cm), masamba-maluwa (mpaka mamita 10). Mitundu yosiyana, masamba ndi osavuta komanso ovuta, ndi pinnate ndi odabwitsa, pinfoliate ndi trifoliate kawiri, wobiriwira ndi wofiirira. Mizu imapangidwa: imatha kupanga "ndevu" zenizeni - 5 kg kulemera ndi 1.5 mamita awiri, zikhoza kukhala ndodo imodzi. Mizu ili ndi fungo lopweteka.
Ndikofunikira! Clematis ndi yovuta kwambiri kwa mphepo - mphukira zawo zathyoledwa ndipo zimasokonezeka, maluwawo akuwonongeka.
Chokopa chachikulu cha chomera ichi ndi maluwa ndi masamba. Kukula kwa duwa kumasiyanasiyana ndi masentimita 4 mpaka 25, mtundu wa mtunduwo uli wochuluka - uli ndi mithunzi yambiri yosiyanasiyana (kuchokera ku white-blue to blue blue, kuchokera ku pinkish to purple-scarlet, etc.). Mtundu wapadera umapatsa maluwa pachimake "kangaude" - zosiyana ndi stamens ndi pistils zomwe zakula pakati. Nthawi yonse ya maluwa ndi miyezi 3-4, maluwa amodzi amatha masiku 10 mpaka 21.
Chomeracho n'chofunika-ndipo chimafuna madzi okwanira ambiri. M'miyezi yozizira imasowa malo ogona.
Ndikofunikira! Clematis amapezeka m'minda ya Ulaya m'zaka za m'ma 1600. - Mu 1548, Clematis Mphesa ya Mphesa inafotokozedwa ndi Wotsitsi wa Chingerezi W. Turner. Mitundu yoyamba yopanda chisanu idafalikira pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900.
Chiwerengero malinga ndi malo opangidwira maluwa
Palibe njira yowonjezereka ya maiko onse padziko lonse. Pali machitidwe ambiri, omwe amachokera pa chizindikiro chimodzi kapena china.
Malo opangidwira maluwa ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri. Malingana ndi izo, pali magulu atatu a clematis, ndi maluwa:
- chaka chatha ndi mphukira zatsopano;
- pa mphukira za chaka chatha;
- pa mphukira zatsopano.
Maluwa pa mphukira zonse zakale komanso zamakono
Gawo la machulukiti limamasula mobwerezabwereza: kumapeto kwa kasupe - kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe (kumapeto kwa chaka chatha), ndipo kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka September (pa mphukira zatsopano). Nthawi ya maluwa a clematis amasiyana. Choyamba chumacho chiyenera kukhala kawiri - pambuyo pa maluwa oyambirira m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja (kuchepetsa maluwa).
Gawo ili likuphatikiza magulu:
Clematis Woolly (anabadwira ku Scotland m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Zili ndizomwe zimayambira, kufika mamita 2.5 Maluwa (10-20 cm mwake) a mtundu woyera kapena wotumbululuka). Pa maziko ake, mitundu Madame le Cultre, wosakanizidwa wa Seboldia, Lavsonian, ndi ena, adavulidwa; Chimake choyamba ndi chachifupi, maluwa ochepa, koma ndi aakulu. Chimake chachiwiri ndi chochuluka komanso chochuluka, koma maluwawo ndi ofooka. 
Ufulu kapena Clementis Kufalikira (kufika mamita 3.5, maluwa akuluakulu (masentimita 15) oyera, buluu, mithunzi yamabuluu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana). Mitundu yambiri - ndi maluwa awiri. 
Ndikofunikira! Poonjezera nthawi ya maluwa, mungagwiritse ntchito njira yothetsera kudulira - kuchepetsani mphukira zingapo m'munsi mwazigawo ziwiri.
Maluwa pa mphukira za chaka chomwecho
Mitundu yambiri yamagetsi imapanga mavitamini pamphukira zatsopano kuchokera mu July mpaka September (chidule cha maluwa chimapezeka mu August). Magulu awa ndi awa:
Jacmanne (anabadwira ku England pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800., kutalika kwa mamita asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu, ndi maluwa (masentimita 8-20) a mitundu yosiyana (kupatula yoyera). Mitundu ina yotchuka ndi Rouge Cardinal, Star of India, Bella, ndi zina zotero. 
Vititsella (mpaka kufika mamita 4-6), amakhala ndi maluwa aang'ono (3-5 masentimita) (mpaka 100 panthawi imodzimodziyo) ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana (buluu, phokoso, nsalu). Pakati pa mitundu yodziŵika bwino ndi Ville de Lyon, Viola, Polish Spirit ndi ena. 
Integrifolia kapena clematis ya masamba onse (ndi zowonongeka, kutalika - 1.5 mamita, maluwa - mabelu a buluu, ofiira, pinki ndi mitundu ina). Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Durand, Värava, Heart Memory, etc. 
Mukudziwa? Kuti mupeze gulu limene mumagula ndilo, ndifunika kudula mphukira pa kugwa - imodzi, ena pang'ono (10-15 maina). Mu nyengo yatsopano mudzawona zomwe zimatulutsa maluwawo.
Maluwa pa mphukira chaka chatha
Izi zikuphatikizapo clematis ndi maluwa pa mphukira za chaka chatha. Mitengo yotereyi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti ikule m'zinthu. Izi ndizo mitundu yambiri ya gulu la Atragen (nthawi zambiri limatchedwa akwatibwi):
Alpina (mpaka mamita 3 kutalika, maluwa okhala ndi pinki yofiira kwambiri, yoyera, kirimu. Amakonda malo amdima). Mitundu yotchuka ndi Artagen Franky, Albina Plena, Pamela Jackman ndi ena. 
Florida (creeper mpaka mamita 3, lalikulu lalikulu losakaniza maluwa, limakonda dothi lonyowa). Mitundu yotchuka - Vivian Pennel, Baby, Jeanne d'Arc. 
Phiri la Clematis (lalikulu liana (mpaka mamita 9), wofiira amayamba. Maluwa (mu inflorescences kuchokera 2 mpaka 5 zidutswa) ali ndi white-pinki ndi pinki mtundu). Maphunziro - Rubens, Montana Grandifora ndi ena. 
Mukudziwa? Mitundu yonse ya clematis yabwino uchi zomera.
Herbaceous, zitsamba ndi zitsamba zakuda
Chinthu chinanso chofala cha mtundu wa clematis ndi chimene chimayang'ana ngati, chiwerengero cha kuuma kwake. Choncho, herbaceous, shrub ndi semi-shrub mawonekedwe ndi osiyana.
Herbaceous
Clematis wa gulu ili ndi odzichepetsa, osagonjera ndipo safunikira chisamaliro chapadera paokha. Clematis Olungama amadziwika pakati pa mankhwala a herbaceous clematis: kutalika - kuyambira 1 mpaka 1.2 mamita, kufanana ndi usiku violet: maluwa a nyenyezi okhala ndi 4 pakhosi. Chimake cha maluwa June - July. Ndilo mitundu yovuta kwambiri ya clematis. 
Zitsamba
Zitsamba za Clematis zimasiyanitsa mphukira za lignified. Mmodzi woyimira gulu lino ndi clematis ya masamba onse: kuyambira 60 cm mpaka 1 mita., Ndi maluwa woboola pakati (pamakhala pamphuno kunja). Thandizo ndilofunikira pa duwa - zimayambira ndi zoonda kwambiri. 
Zitsamba
Chinthu chodziwika bwino cha gululi ndi chakuti m'munsi mwa zomera (osatha) ndizowuma, gawo lapamwamba limafa chaka chilichonse. Mitundu yayikulu:
Clematis Texas (yabwino kwa munda waung'ono - mpaka 40 masentimita, maluwawo amafanana ndi kakang'ono tulips); 
Clematis Tangut (kuyambira 30 cm mpaka 2 mamita, amapanga zowonjezera zamasamba, maluwa a golide-golide); 
Clematis Borschovikolistny (0.5-1.5 mamita wamtali, maluwa a buluu amafanana ndi hyacinth). 
Mmene mungasiyanitsire makina ndi kukula kwa maluwa
Maluwa ndi yankho la funso loti n'chifukwa chiyani clematis liana ndi yotchuka kwambiri. Malingana ndi kukula kwake kwa maluwa a clematis kugawa lalikulu-flowered (kuchokera 5 cm ndi zina) ndi yaing'ono-flowered (mpaka 5 cm).
Zimakhala zazikulu
Clematis krupnotsvetkovy amasiyana ndi maluwa akuluakulu komanso odabwitsa. Pakati pa zomera zazikuluzikulu pali mitundu yambiri kuchokera ku Zhakman, Langugings, Vititella, Patents, Integrifolia magulu, ndi zina zotero. 
Maluwa aang'ono
Maluwa ang'onoang'ono ali ndi maluwa ambiri, okongola kwambiri. Iwo amafesedwa ndi mbewu. Izi zimaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya magulu: Atragen, Flamulla, Tangutik, Vitalba, Italy Clematis.
Kusiyanitsa kwa Clematis ndi mtundu
Mndandanda wa maluwa a clematis ndi mtundu wawo: buluu, wofiira, woyera, ndi zina zotero, ndi wotchuka kwambiri. Mwina izi siziri njira ya sayansi, koma pankhani ya kukongoletsera munda kapena gazebo, funso la mtundu likuonekera.
Ndikofunikira! Maluwa ofanana mitundu ndi mitundu akhoza kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Buluu
Ngakhale kuti wamaluwa m'zaka zaposachedwapa abweretsa mitundu yatsopano yatsopano, clematis maluwa okonzeka (popanda kusakaniza kwa mithunzi) ya buluu sapezeka kawirikawiri.
Durandi (zosiyana zinayambira mu 1870. Zimakula mpaka mamita 2, maluwa (kuyambira masentimita 7 mpaka 14) ali ndi mtundu wapadera wa indigo. Ndi wotsutsana ndi chisanu ndi matenda. 
Multi Blue (zosiyana siyana zinafalikira ku Holland mu 1983; kutalika - 2-3 mamita Terry zazikulu maluwa okongola buluu. 
Kuwala kofiira (anabadwanso ku Holland mu 1998. Maluwa okongola omwe ali ndi mitsempha ya buluu). 
Kiri Te Kanawa (anabadwira ku England mu 1986. Maluwa a Terry ali ndi mtundu wabuluu. 
Azungu
Mtundu woyera wa clematis umaimiridwa ndi gulu lalikulu la maluwa a terry pamwamba pa zonse:
Joan waku Arc (kutalika kufika mamita 3, maluwa ofanana ndi ma discos, mosavuta kulekerera chisanu, chilala, mthunzi). 
Mfumukazi ya Arctic (kutalika kwa mamita 2.5, maluwa - masentimita 18. Amakonda dzuŵa, amawopa mphepo. Icho chimamasula kawiri - mu June pa mphukira za chaka chatha ndipo mu August pazomwe zilipo). 
Alba Plena (maluwa awiriwa amadziwika ndi mtundu wawo woyera). 
Bella (kutalika - 2 mamita, maluwa a asterisk akuphulika mu July - September (kumayambiriro kwa maluwa ali ndi khungu la chikasu, ndiye amakhala oyera). 
Yellow
Mtundu wa chikasu umaimiridwa ndi mitundu yoyera ndi mithunzi - wobiriwira-wachikasu, woyera-wachikasu:
Mitundu ya Clematis yochepa ya Tangutik (limamasula kwambiri mumaluwa ochepa achikasu). 
Shrub f. Wala (mpaka mamita 1 wamtali, pachimake kuyambira August mpaka September, maluwa ndi golide wachikasu (masentimita 4)).
Pilatocete (mpaka mamita atatu, kuyambira July mpaka August ndi maluwa okongola a chikasu (masentimita 4)). 
Pinki
Mitundu yokongola ya pinki ndi yochepa. Kawirikawiri ndi pinki ndi lilac, nsalu zofiirira.
Grandiflora trillium (kutalika kwa 5, mphukira ndi zokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa atatu a petal (4-5 cm). Maluwa - May-June). 
Kaiser F (mitundu yosiyanasiyana idapangidwa ku Japan mu 1997 (kutalika kwa mamita 1.5, maluwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu a pinki mu June-July). 
Asao (yotchuka ku Japan, imamera kawiri (mu June ndi kumapeto kwa August), dzuwa silikukonda. Maluwa (12-20 cm) ndi awiri, pinki yakuda. 
Madokotala Baron Vilar (kutalika kwa 3.5 mamita, maluwa - pinki yokhala ndi zofiira. 
Ofiira
Magulu a Red Clematis amasiyanitsidwa ndi zida zabwino:
Rouge Cardinal (anabadwira ku Poland, kutalika - 2-3 mamita, amamasula kwambiri ndi maluŵa ofiira (1-20 cm) kuyambira June mpaka August. 
Ruytel (kutalika kwa 1.8-2 m, limamasula ndi maluwa owala ngati nyenyezi kuyambira July mpaka November). 
Westerplatte (anabadwira ku Poland, maluwa aakulu (10-16 masentimita) - maroon-wofiira, amamasula mu June-August). 
Mukudziwa? Clematis Armand ndi David amamva fungo la amondi, momveka bwino - primrose, clematis paniculata - jasmine.
