Kawirikawiri, wamaluwa amafuna kusintha masamba omwe ali pamtengowo, koma samafuna kutaya nthawi yobzala chitsamba chatsopano. Pachifukwa ichi, gwiritsani ntchito katemera wotsogolera, umene tikufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yathu.
Chifukwa chiyani mumabzala mphesa
Musanayambe kufotokozera ndondomeko yokha, m'pofunika kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake nkofunikira. Chifukwa cha katemera, mukhoza kubwezeretsa mphesa zakale, kubweretsa mitundu yatsopano ndi kukoma kwake, kukula zipatso zosiyanasiyana pa shrub imodzi, kuwonjezera chomera chitetezo cha matenda ndi tizirombo.
Ndikofunikira! 2-3 masiku asanayambe ndondomeko, ndikulimbikitsidwa kumwa madzi munda wamphesa zambiri. Izi ndi zofunika kuti chomera pa "kudandaula" - kutuluka kwa madzi kumathandizira kufulumira mofulumira.Pambuyo katemera, fruiting imayamba kale kwambiri kuposa pamene mbeu yatsopano yabzalidwa, yomwe imateteza nthawi ndikusangalala ndi zipatso mu nyengo yotsatira.
Nthaŵi ya kusindikiza mphesa yamasika
Kuti mphesa zizipatsidwa katemera m'chaka, ndikofunikira kuti muzisunga nthawi. Kawirikawiri ndondomekoyi imachitika pambuyo pa masambawa. Nthawi imeneyi imakhala mu April. Ndikofunika kuti kutentha kwa mpweya sikuchepetse kusiyana ndi + 15 ° С, ndipo dothi silopitirira + 10 ° С. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pa kutentha kwambiri, pamene dzuŵa lili lamphamvu kwambiri, ndondomeko siziyenera kuchitika.
Njira zothandizira mphesa
Pali njira zingapo zoti mphesa mphesa:
- Mugawanika.
- Pakati pazitsulo.
- M'malo mwake.
- Abutting
- Mu shtamb.
- Kubowola.
Kukolola cuttings wa mphesa
Kuti mupeze khalidwe lachitsulo, kukolola cuttings akulimbikitsidwa m'dzinja. Ndikofunika kusankha shrub yathanzi yomwe imapatsa chokolola chokoma ndi cholemera, ndikudula cuttings ndi mwapadera woyera ndi mpeni kuti aliyense ali ndi maso angapo. Pafupifupi, kutalika kwa kudula kuyenera kukhala 10-12 masentimita.
Kuti katemera apambane, onetsetsani kuti kudula kumadulidwa. Musanadule nthambi kuchokera ku chitsamba, sikupweteka kuchita ma nthambi ena osafunikira.
Mukudziwa? Mphesa zopangidwa ndi zakudya zimakhala zofanana ndi mkaka.Pambuyo kudula, cuttings iyenera kuikidwa kwa theka la miniti mu njira ya 3% ya mkuwa sulphate. Njirayi idzawathandiza kuchizira matendawa. Pambuyo pake, cuttings amaikidwa pamtunda ndi zouma. Kenako ayenera kukulumikizidwa mu polyethylene kapena nsalu yonyowa pokonza ndi kuziika mufiriji kapena malo omwe kutentha sikudutsa + 5 ° С.
Sankhani zida zothandizira
Monga katundu, muyenera kusankha mitundu yabwino chisanu kukana, mwamphamvu, ndi kukana zosiyanasiyana tizirombo ndi matenda. Mitengo iyenera kukhala ndi shtamb pansi pa nthaka. Zomera zazaka zisanu ndi zitatu zakubadwa zidzakhala zabwino - zomwe zimakhalapo pa zomera zazing'ono zimakhala bwino kusiyana ndi zakale. Kusinthanitsa mphesa pa shrub wakale sikungathe kubweretsa zotsatira, popeza kulimbikitsa pakati pa zaka zambiri zapakati pazomera zimapweteka chikhalidwe chake ndipo zingayambitse imfa. 
Kusamba mphesa kumtundu: malangizo ndi sitepe
Pali njira zambiri zothandizira mphesa, koma tizilongosola zitatu mwazinthu zambiri. Chifukwa cha malangizo ofotokoza, ngakhale oyamba kumene angathe kuchita.
Mugawikana
Njira imodzi yodziwika ndi kuphatikizidwa mu mphesa. Zimaphatikizapo ndondomeko zotsatirazi:
- Ndikofunika kuchotsa chitsa ku masamba ndikuwonetsa malo omwe akuphatikizidwa (nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa pakati pa chigawo chachiwiri ndi chachitatu). Pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, pukutani bwino - motero mudzathetsa dothi ndi mabakiteriya.
- Pita patali pa tsamba mpaka 5 masentimita ndikudula pamwamba pa mpesa.
- Pa mtunda wa 3 masentimita mpaka nambala yomwe longitudinal igawanika.
- Ndiye nkofunika kuti mosamala muike kudula komwe kwakonzedweratu mugawidwe.
- Malo ogwiritsira ntchito katemera ayenera kumangirizidwa mwamphamvu ndi kukhuta ndi chinyezi. Onetsetsani kuti kutentha kuno kuli 23-25 ° С.
Ndikofunikira! Musakhudze mkanjo ndi manja anu - izi zingawononge kagawo, ndipo katemera ayenera kubwerezedwa.Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, m'pofunikira kukonzekera chida chonse kuti malo osadulidwa asaume, pamene mukuyang'ana bandeji kapena zipangizo zina.
Mu shtamb
Mbali imodzi mwa njirayi ndi yakuti ma graft angapo amaikidwa mu tsinde kamodzi, aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi maso atatu. Chochitikachi chikuchitika motere:
- Ndikoyenera kukumba pansi kuzungulira thunthu ku mfundo yoyamba (pafupifupi 10-20 masentimita).
- Pa mtunda wa masentimita 5 kuchokera mu mfundo iyi kuti mudule chomera chakale.
- Ndikofunika kupatulira chitsa. Kuzama kumakhala kofanana ndi kukula kwa tsamba.
- Ife timayika tizidulidwe mu katundu.
- Malo ogwiritsira ntchito katemera ayenera kumangirizidwa ndi mphasa, kukulunga mu pepala lakuda wothira, kuwaza pafupifupi 4-5 masentimita ndi nthaka yonyowa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito pobowola
Njira ina yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe akuphatikizira mphesa ndi kubowola. Zimasiyanasiyana ndi ena chifukwa ndizofunikira koyamba kudula tsinde, ndipo pambuyo pokha mutha kusankha malo opatsirana. Koposa zonse, chomeracho chidzakhazikika ngati mutasankha malo omwe tsinde ndilo lalikulu kwambiri. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa zipatso - ngakhale omwe ali ndi masamba awiri. 
Njirayi ikuphatikizapo ndondomeko zotsatirazi:
- Ndikofunika kupeza galasi ndi mzere woyenera, kuti muipiritsire mankhwalawa ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate.
- Dulani dzenje lakuya ndipo pang'onopang'ono tengani kudula mmenemo. Onetsetsani kuti muwonetsetse kuti pali zochitika mwangwiro za zigawo za cambial.
- Ndiye cuttings ayenera kudzazidwa ndi wothira chips yokutidwa ndi polyethylene.
Kulima mphesa, kusankha bwino kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ili yoyenera pa nyengo ya nyengo yanu ndi yofunika kwambiri. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kusankha kuchokera ku - Isabella, Cardinal, Libiya, Arcadia, Monarch, Chardonnay, Julian, Pokumbukira Dombkovskaya, Zovala za Lady, Baykonur, Valek, Lily wa Valley, Valentine , Chithumwa, Mu Memory ya Negrul, Moldova, Codreanca, Amursky ndi ena ambiri.
Kusamaliranso kwina kumtengowo mphesa
Chotsatira cha chochitikacho chikhala chokoma ngati choyenera chithandizo chimatengedwa kuti shrub yothandizidwa:
- Ndondomekoyo ikadzatha, katunduyo akuyenda ndi spuds. Onetsetsani kuti mutulutse pansi m'thumba - ndikofunikira kuti ulemere ndi mpweya.
- Yang'anani kudula kumtengowo mu masiku 10-14: ngati palibe mphukira zatsopano, muyenera kudula katundu ndi kubwezeretsanso.
- Masiku onse 7-10, onetsetsani kuti katundu ndi zocheka zikuphatikizidwa. Ngati kudula kumachokera muzitsamba, amafunika kuchotsedwa.
- Nthawi zonse chotsani udzu ndi namsongole.
Mukudziwa? Chaka chilichonse, munthu aliyense ayenera kudya makilogalamu 8 mpaka 10, koma pochita izi zizindikirozi ndi 1 makilogalamu okha.Ngati mutatsatira njira zosavuta zothandizira, kudula kumakula mofulumira komanso popanda mavuto apadera.
Zolakwitsa zambiri
Pali zolakwika zomwe nthawi zambiri zimachitika panthawi ya katemera. Taganizirani izi:
- kukula kwakukulu kwakukulu. Kulakwitsa koteroko kumabweretsa zolemba zosakwanira zojambula ndi ma grafts. Sitiyenerana mwamphamvu, ndipo mphepo yozizira imalowa m'zinthu izi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka, zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zomera zapakati. Kulumikizana kwakukulu kumathandiza kupewa matenda;
- kusagwirizanitsa katundu ndi cuttings. Zogulitsa ndi zothandizira ziyenera kukhala ndi zofanana zachilengedwe. Mitundu iyenera kukhala yofanana. Ngati pulogalamuyi siigwirizana, izi zidzetsa mpikisano ndi imfa ya kudula;
- yosayenera yosungira cuttings. Kapangidwe ka nkhuni ndi khungwa ali ndi porosity, zomwe zimayambitsa kutuluka kwakukulu kwa madzi. Ndikofunika kwambiri kusunga timadzi timene timapatsa thanzi. Kuti achite izi, ayenera kuthira mu sera ya parafini yamadzi;
- kugwiritsa ntchito chida cholakwika. Kuti mupange khalidwe lachidziwitso, muyenera kudula ndi chida chapadera kapena mpeni wakuthwa bwino kwambiri. Ngati kudula kulibe, sikungatheke kukwanitsa kukwanira.
